一种深层地温的推算方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

南庆红  桑修诚 《应用气象学报》1995,6(1):83-89

根据热传导方程，利用差分方法计算导温系数，并用逐层下移温度初始场技术来推算深层各月平均地温，并通过计算个例加以对比分析。结果表明，该方法简单实用，计算精度有较大提高，效果令人满意。  相似文献   

岩石圈强迫对气候变化的作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

汤懋苍 《气象科学》1995,15(4):2-6

本文总结了本专题自１９９１年来所进行的工作，主要研究了多年平均地表层热流场的基本特征，季地温距平场与降水量的相关。“地热涡”，西太平洋强震与地转减慢及Ｅｌ Ｎｉｎｏ的联系，我国地震与旱涝关系，高原季风与高原的隆起等问题，提出一些新结果。  相似文献   

北京地面气温可预报性及缺测资料恢复的研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

黄嘉佑 《气象学报》1995,53(2):211-216

利用１９５１－１９９０年期间北京地面气温资料作未来气温预测可预报性及缺测气温资料恢复的研究，对单月序列使用自回归、选阶自回归、逐步回归和预测残差最小逐步回归及对多月序列使用后两种模型等６种方案进行试验。结果表明，多月序列使用残差最小逐步回归模型有最好的可预报性，且预报方程具有较高的稳定性。本文使用该方案还对１８４１－１９５０年期间的缺测气温资料进行恢复。  相似文献   

近地大气层测线温度模型的试验研究     

陈振杰  辛立国  章书寿 《测绘工程》2001,10(2):45-47

从湍流传导模型（TTM）理论出发，结合试验数据，探讨了近地大气层测线温度模型，进而得出了相应的折光改正公式，用此方法对试验数据进行折光改正，取得了良好的效果。  相似文献   

青藏高原岩石圈热状态及其东西部差异   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

马晓冰  孔祥儒 《地球物理学进展》2001,16(3):12-20

分析青藏高原几条地球物理研究剖面，并对其地表大地热流和岩石圈温度场进行计算。结果表明：青藏高原温度场分布具南北分带、东西分块的特征。进一步论述了青藏高原东西部的地质构造差异、热差异及其地球动力学意义。  相似文献   

湖北气温的3—5年周期振动及其与大气环流低频变化的联系     

熊安元  邓先瑞 《热带地理》1996,16(4):319-324

本文用月平均资料序列，提取湖北气温，北半球５００ｈＰａ高度和北太平洋海博温度的３－５年低频分量，分析研究了三者之间的联系，初步揭示了前期ＳＳＴ对湖北冬季气温影响的过程。  相似文献   

北半球平流层下部气温的准两年周期振荡   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

吴洪宝  章基嘉  艾丽坤 《应用气象学报》1993,(Z1)

由分析1966—1985年北半球30hPa 月平均气温资料得出,中纬地区气温准两年周期振荡比低纬地区更清楚,平均周期26.3月,振幅约2.8℃,振荡的峰和谷值都出现在冬季.中纬气温和赤道上空纬向风的准两年振荡之间位相配合密切,中纬气温准两年振荡的峰与赤道上空10hPa 为东风,70hPa 为西风的位相一致,谷则有相反的位相.它们的这种准两年周期振荡是通过平均经圈环流相联系的.强烈的火山喷发能影响气温的准两年周期振荡.  相似文献   

Physikalische,chemische und hydrographische Untersuchungen eines Mittelgebirgsbaches: Ein Beitrag zur Typisierung kleiner Fließgewässer   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. Meyer  J. Schwoerbel  G. C. Tillmanns 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1990,52(3):236-255

Temperature, discharge, and chemical parameters were studied in the upper reach of a Black Forest stream over a three-year period. Additionally, investigations of the upstream tributaries and of downstream sites were conducted at some occasions. While monthly and annual means of water temperature exhibited only little year-to-year variations, average annual discharge differed considerably. Total suspended organic matter was correlated to total supended solids and discharge, orthophosphate and ammonium to temperature. Phosphorus was the only nutrient with a strong seasonal dynamic. Cumulative surface runoff of the upstream tributaries was inversely correlated to total discharge at the gauging station. Concentrations of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ and accordingly specific conductivity increase in the longitudinal course of the stream, due to tributaries originating in the adjacent shell limestone and red marl formations.Mit finanzieller Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft, Az. Schw. 63/27-1, 2, 3.  相似文献   

黑河春末初夏径流量与气象要素的关系   总被引：5，自引：5，他引：5  

胡天清 《高原气象》1988,(4)

本文利用莺落峡水文站的水文资料和祁连气象站的气象资料,分析了春末初夏黑河流量与气象要素的关系。发现4月份流量主要取决于前期降雪、积雪量,其次是当月的气温高低;5,6月流量主要取决于5,6月降水量,其次是前期降雪、积雪量和5月份气温高低。这项工作的目的是为流量预报提供依据。  相似文献   

Detecting critical periods in larval flatfish populations     

R. Christopher Chambers  David A. Witting  Stephen J. Lewis 《Journal of Sea Research》2001,45(3-4)

We evaluate the time-course of deaths and evidence of periods of increased mortality (i.e., critical periods) in laboratory populations of larval flatfish. First, we make the distinction between age-at-death and abundance-at-time data for fish larvae, the latter being typical in studies of natural populations. Next, we describe an experimental investigation of age- and temperature-dependent mortality in larval winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus. The survivorship curves of these populations differed significantly in both the magnitude and time-course of mortality among the four water temperatures evaluated (7, 10, 13, and 16°C). Mortality was highest in the cooler temperatures and concentrated in the third quarter of larval life, largely concurrent with settlement of surviving members of the cohort. Among the statistical methods for analysing survival data, the proportional-hazards model with time-varying covariates proved best at capturing the patterns of age-specific mortalities. We conclude that fair appraisals of recruitment hypotheses which are predicated on periods of high, age-specific mortality that vary with environmental conditions (e.g., Hjort's critical period hypothesis) will require: (1) data that are based on age, not time; (2) data that are of higher temporal resolution than commonly available at present and (3) analytical methods that are sensitive to irregularities in survivorship curves. We suggest four research approaches for evaluating critical periods in nature.  相似文献