Tremendous change of the earth surface system and tectonic setting of salt-lake formation in Yuncheng Basin since 7.1 Ma     

王强  李彩光  田国强  张文治  刘椿  宁联元  岳军  程自刚  何翠英 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(2):110-122

The Yuncheng salt lake has formed under the setting of stepped subsidence of fault-blocks from the north to the south in Yuncheng Basin. In the phase of red clay accumulation during 7.1-3.6 Ma, the size of palaeo-lake was larger than the present salt lake, and palaeo-monsoon had formed. At 3.6 Ma, the northern basement in the basin raised abruptly due to the radiative effect of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau uplifting, and palaeo-lake was contracting southwards. At ca. 2.6 Ma ancient river flowed into the northern part of the basin. During ca. 2.0-1.9 Ma aerolian effect strengthened and loess started to accumulate on the most part of the basin. Since ca. 1.8-1.0 Ma the subsidence of the lake fault-block has been speeding up abruptly. As under the natural hydrogradient the salt lake received enough groundwater supply, and the rate of loess accumulation in the lake area was lower than that of subsidence of the lake fault-block, the lake could be preserved and becomes the only modern lake on Chinese Loess Plateau. Four large strengthening change records of the monsoon were found in the lake sequence of 5.8-1.9 Ma B.P.  相似文献   

Sedimentary records of environmental evolution in the Sanmen Lake Basin and the Yellow River running through the Sanmenxia Gorge eastward into the sea   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王苏民  吴锡浩  张振克  蒋复初  薛滨  童国榜  田国强 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(7):595-608

A series of independent faulted basins developed in the present middle reaches of the Yellow River during late Cenozoic, among which the Sanmen Lake Basin is located in the east edge of the Loess Plateau, a transitional zone between the second and third macromorphological step of China. The thick strata of the Sanmen Group deposited in the large basin. The Sanmen Group is a perfect place for the study on paleoenvironmental change, tectono-climatic cycles as well as the formation and evolution of the Yellow River. In this paper, the paleoenvironmental changes, regional tectonic movement and the evolutionary process of the Sanmen Lake Basin during the past 5 Ma were reconstructed based on the analysis of paleomagnetic stratigraphy, pollen, TOC and carbonate content from the Huangdigou outcrop near the Sanmenxia Reservoir, Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. The sedimentary records from the outcrop indicate that the basin was first formated by fault activity at about 5.4 MaBP, and after the strong tectonic movement at 3.6 MaBP the lake enlarged and the rainfall of summer monsoon increased. There was no great climatic transition near 2.6 MaBP, corresponding to the bottom age of loess in the Loess Plateau. After Olduvai event (about 1.77 MaBP) the Picea and Abies were presented in the sediments, which indicates a colder climate. The tectonic movement at 1.2 MaBP caused the light angular discordance between the upper and lower Sanmen Group. The sedimentary records show a cold and wet climate during the prosperous periods of loess accumulation such as L15, L9, L6. The tectonic intensification periods of the Sanmen Basin correspond with the tectonic movements in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau chronologically. The earliest age of the outflow from the Paleo-Sanmen Lake or the partly cutting off of the Sanmenxia Gorge was about 0.41- 0.35 MaBP. The age of cutting thoroughly the Sanmenxia Gorge by the Yellow River and the disappearance of the Paleo-Sanmen Lake was about 0.15 MaBP, which symbolized the formation of the present Yellow River and had an important influence on the environmental and morphological evolution in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.  相似文献   

论中国大陆的板内变形机制   总被引：23，自引：2，他引：23  

万天丰  赵维明 《地学前缘》2002,9(2):451-463

中国大陆板内变形普遍比较强烈。造成大陆板内变形比较强烈的原因 ,笔者认为主要有以下4点 :地块小、数量多、地块稳定性差 ;沉积盖层厚度大、地块表层强度低 ;地块经受了多期次的碰撞、拼合 ;中生代以来周邻板块作用比较强烈 ,板内应力场多次发生变化。板块间碰撞所产生远程效应是造成中国大陆普遍发生强烈板内变形的主要动力。正是在这种方向多变的、近于水平的动力作用下 ,由于各圈层岩石强度不同 ,派生出一系列圈层间的滑脱面、拆离面或断层 ,造成了比较强烈的大陆板内变形 ,在地下深处出现局部的减压地段 ,从而诱发了深部的岩浆活动。  相似文献   

松辽盆地古龙凹陷构造应力场弹-塑性增量法数值模拟   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

陈志德  蒙启安  万天丰  贾庆军  张廷臣 《地学前缘》2002,9(2):483-492

泥岩裂缝油气藏是大庆油田古龙凹陷主要的油气藏类型之一 ,构造裂缝储层在该类油气藏中占有重要地位。老第三纪末及现今的应力释放区是该区泥岩裂缝性储层的主要发育区。构造应力释放区的泥岩储层渗透条件得到改善 ,现今应力场控制着地层压力的分布。采用弹塑性增量的有限元法模拟了古龙地区青山口组地层老第三纪末与现今两期构造应力场。根据区域构造研究结果确定主应力方向 ,以确定应力场的分期。采用晶格位错密度法、水压致裂法及声发射法测定岩石的构造应力值 ,并作为构造应力场模拟的约束条件。由岩石力学试验测定岩石物性参数 (弹性模量和泊松比 ) ,根据区域沉积相带分析建立岩相地质模型。结合钻井及区域地质资料 ,对模拟结果进行分析研究 ,识别出古今四个应力释放区。其中他拉哈、新站两应力释放区的勘探程度高 ,绝大多数钻井资料印证了数值模拟结果的正确性 ;而葡西、杏西高西两应力释放区钻井资料较少 ,应作为潜在的裂缝储层勘探靶区。  相似文献   

简析风与城市工业企业合理布局的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵丽平  田琳 《山西气象》2002,(2):11-12,15

风场特征决定着污染物的输送方向，风向、风速不同，污染物的输送方向和稀释程度也不同。布局城市工业企业要充分考虑区域的输送特征，首先是城市的风场特征，包括局地环流的影响。本文依据太原市、临汾市风的特征，分析了太原市污染的主要原因，以及临汾金尧焦化项目安全边界的确定，并简要分析了局地环流及热岛以城市布局的影响。  相似文献   

地震资料叠前去噪技术的现状与未来   总被引：26，自引：10，他引：26  

胡天跃 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(2):218-223

地震资料叠前去噪是勘探地震资料处理的关键问题之一，但这个问题长期以来一直没有得到很好的解决，是提高地震资料分辨率的一个主要障碍，其中，如何有效地消除产生与地层间的多次反射波又是地震资料叠前去噪的核心问题。为此，人们进行了长期不懈的努力，以更好地消除多次波。本文着重概述现今实生常中常用的几种比较有效的消除多次波方法，包括拉冬变换，F－K方法和聚束滤波方法；同时也概述了预测反积消除水层混响和用K－L变换方法消除随机噪音提高信噪比等方法；最后，还讨论了近年发展的地震资料叠前去噪新方法及其发展趋势。  相似文献   

天然气水合物的海洋地球物理研究进展   总被引：26，自引：7，他引：26  

宋海斌  江为为  张文生  郝天珧 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(2):224-229

赋存于大陆边缘的天然气水合物是20世纪后期海洋地球物理的一个重要研究对象。本文从地震，测井，地热，岩石物性4个方面阐述天然气水合物的海洋地球物理研究现状，并展望其发展前景。  相似文献   

21世纪重力与磁法勘探的展望   总被引：21，自引：18，他引：21  

管志宁  郝天珧  姚长利 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(2):237-244

对21世纪重力与磁法勘探的仪器，数据处理技术，解释理论与方法，应用领域等方面的发展方向进行了分析与展望，发展航空标量，矢量，梯度重力测量和航空全梯度磁力测量，三分量磁力测量，提高综合信息采集能力；开展卫星重磁测量，综合卫星，航空，地面重磁测量资料研究地球结构与构造；发展高精度数据处理技术；重磁异常弱信号的提取，不同深度重磁异常的划分，低纬底变倾角化磁极以及位场面延拓；发展复杂条件下三维重磁场多参数综合反演可视化技术以及快速自动反演技术；探索磁性多参数的应用新领域，充分发挥磁法在环境污染调查中的作用并开拓应用新领域。  相似文献   

Study on geometric correction of airborne multiangular imagery   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘强  柳钦火  肖青  田国良 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(12):1075-1086

An automatic image matching algorithm, and its application to geometric correction of airborne multiangular remote sensed imagery, are presented in this paper. The image-matching algorithm is designed to find correct match for images containing localized geometric distortion and spectral variation. Mathematical tools such as wavelet decomposition, B-spline, and multi-variant correlation estimator are integrated in the frame of pyramidal matching. The simulated experiment and our practice in correcting airborne multiangular images show that the matching algorithm is robust to the few random abnormal points and can achieve subpixel match accuracy in most area of the image. After geometric correction and registration, multiangular observations for each ground pixel are extracted and sun/view geometry is also simultaneously derived.  相似文献   

从区域地理特点审视西部大开发战略     

邓金祥  王天存 《云南地理环境研究》2002,14(1):92-95

中国西部地区生态环境十分脆弱，又是大江大河的河源地，如果发生不利的开发行为，西部大开发可能导致环境的大污染，生态的大破坏和不可再生资源的全面枯竭，最终威胁到西部人的生存和发展。因此，制定正确的开发战略至关重要。利用地理学原理，客观地分析西部经济发展的限制因素和比较优势，依据非均衡的增长极开发理论，探讨如何推进西部小城镇建设，培育具有西部比较优势的特色农业支柱产业，以信息化带动工业化，实现西部资源的综合利用，使城市增长极和产业增长极成为动广大中西部地区经济增长的不竭动力。  相似文献