西非金矿床类型及时空分布规律     

姜军胜  胡鹏  张海坤  程湘  王建雄  向文帅 《地质通报》2022,(1):85-98

西非素有"黄金海岸"之称,近年西非金矿勘查和产量不断突破新高,已超过南非成为非洲最重要的产金区.通过系统总结西非156个有储量数据的金矿山信息发现,西非已发现金矿储量全球占比超7％,未来可能成为全球金矿开采与供应的重要一极.成因类型上以造山型金矿为主,且成矿流体具有富水含碳为特征.砾岩型金矿次之,独居特色,其他类型矿床...  相似文献   

基于Google Earth的巴尔喀什湖流域中下游水资源开发利用研究     

雪克来提·  巴斯托夫  龙爱华  邓铭江  李湘权  章毅 《干旱区地理》2012,35(3):388-398

 常规的信息收集渠道难以获取国际河流研究所需的有效信息,探索新的信息收集方式对资料稀缺区开展水文水资源研究十分必要且关键。在Internet海量信息中,Google Earth（GE）平台的出现,为资源环境、交通规划等诸多领域提供了“身临其境”的远距离信息检索模式。通过基于GE平台的资料稀缺区水资源开发利用状况评价的应用框架和评价方法,并以巴尔喀什湖流域中下游为例开展了应用研究。结果表明：GE平台可成为资料稀缺区水资源开发利用研究的有效信息收集手段,文中所提出的框架、应用流程和评价方法具有较好的可操作性;研究区在1990年初就形成了以伊犁河中下游为主体、准噶尔区与巴尔喀什湖北部诸小河为重要用水区的基本格局;随着研究区经济社会发展的剧烈波动,其用水量经历了“增长-顶峰-剧减-恢复性增长”的演变格局,目前其用水量预计已恢复至20世纪80年代中期的水平,即65×108 m3左右。  相似文献   

城市地表灰尘重金属研究进展及展望   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  

王济  张一修  高翔 《地理研究》2012,31(5):821-830

城市地表灰尘是城市环境科学研究的对象之一,在对国内外有关城市灰尘概念界定研究成果进行总结的基础上,对城市地表灰尘提出新的概念和新的认识。城市地表灰尘是城市生态环境中具有环境指示作用的地表颗粒物,是含有重金属、多环芳烃等多种污染物的源与汇。对国内外地表灰尘重金属的含量水平、时空分布特征、迁移循环、赋存形态及生物有效性等方面的研究成果进行比较系统的阐述;灰尘中重金属的来源识别的方法主要有GIS空间分析,元素示踪技术,统计学方法等。并提出在今后的研究中应进一步完善城市地表灰尘中重金属的时间变化规律、地表灰尘在环境中的滞留时间、粒径的划分以及区域人体健康影响及风险评估模型优化四个方面的研究。  相似文献   

Dynamic evolution model of isothermal voids and shocks     

Yu-Qing Lou  Xiang Zhai 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,323(1):17-40

We explore self-similar hydrodynamic evolution of central voids embedded in an isothermal gas of spherical symmetry under the self-gravity. More specifically, we study voids expanding at constant radial speeds in an isothermal gas and construct all types of possible void solutions without or with shocks in surrounding envelopes. We examine properties of void boundaries and outer envelopes. Voids without shocks are all bounded by overdense shells and either inflows or outflows in the outer envelope may occur. These solutions, referred to as type void solutions, are further divided into subtypes and according to their characteristic behaviours across the sonic critical line (SCL). Void solutions with shocks in envelopes are referred to as type voids and can have both dense and quasi-smooth edges. Asymptotically, outflows, breezes, inflows, accretions and static outer envelopes may all surround such type voids. Both cases of constant and varying temperatures across isothermal shock fronts are analyzed; they are referred to as types and void shock solutions. We apply the ‘phase net matching procedure’ to construct various self-similar void solutions. We also present analysis on void generation mechanisms and describe several astrophysical applications. By including self-gravity, gas pressure and shocks, our isothermal self-similar void (ISSV) model is adaptable to various astrophysical systems such as planetary nebulae, hot bubbles and superbubbles in the interstellar medium as well as supernova remnants.   相似文献   

Period investigation of two RS CVn-type binary stars: RU Cancri and AW Herculis     

Y. P. Tian  F. Y. Xiang  X. Tao 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2009,319(2-4):119-124

Orbital period variations of two RS CVn-type binaries, RU Cnc and AW Her, are presented based on the analysis of all available times of light minima. It is discovered that the orbital period of RU Cnc shows two possible period oscillations with periods of 13.38(±0.23) and 37.6(±3.4) years. The corresponding amplitudes of the oscillations are about 0.0098(±0.0023) and 0.0119(±0.0017) days. For AW Her, it is found that the period shows a cyclic variation with a period of 12.79(±0.34) years and an amplitude of about 0.0327(±0.0063) days. Since RU Cnc and AW Her are two RS CVn-type systems, the cyclic period oscillations are more likely to be caused by the magnetic activity cycles.  相似文献   

The long-term multiband optical observations and colour index for the quasar 3C 273     

B. Z. Dai  X. H. Li  Z. M. Liu  B. K. Zhang  W. W. Na  Y. F. Wu  J. M. Hao  Y. Xiang  Z. J. Jiang  L. Zhang 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,392(3):1181-1192

The long baseline simultaneous multiband ( BVRI ) observations of blazar 3C 273 are presented. We have made 758 optical multiband observations with the Yunnan Astronomical Observatory (YAO) 103 cm and Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) 156 cm from 2003 January to 2005 April. In our observational campaign, the average colour indices are   B − V = 0.21, V − R = 0.26  and   R − I = 0.31  . The mean magnitudes in B, V, R and I are 12.895, 12.698, 12.441 and 12.139, respectively. The source is in a steady state over observational campaign. The correlations between colour index and brightness are discussed. We find that the correlations of   B − V   versus B ,   V − R   versus V and   R − I   versus R have significant negative correlation, while   B − V   versus V ,   V − R   versus R and   R − I   versus I have positive correlation. These strong correlations imply that the spectrum becomes bluer (flatter) when the source becomes brighter, and redden (softer) when the source fades both in intraday and long-term variability. The spectral evolution trends of 3C 273 are consistent with those of BL Lac objects.  相似文献   

Does heating by AGN shocks affect abundance profiles in galaxy clusters?     

F. Xiang  E. Rudometkin  E. Churazov  W. Forman  H. Böhringer 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,398(2):575-582

We evaluate the impact of gas shock heating by a central active galactic nuclei (AGN) in M87 on the radial distribution of heavy elements. The propagation of a shock creates an inverted entropy profile, and the subsequent rearrangement of the gaseous atmosphere transports metal-rich gas from the central region to larger radii. We show that for the parameters of the relatively weak shock, recently found in M87, the abundance profile is not strongly affected by the redistribution of the shock heated gas (except for the very central region). At the same time, the energetics of the source is fully sufficient to broaden the metal distribution to match the observations, strongly suggesting that mechanisms other than direct shock heating must operate in cluster cores. The absence of a very strong abundance peak at the very centre of M87 suggests that the central AGN produces frequent (every few 10 Myr) and relatively weak outbursts, rather than rarer (every few 100 Myr) and an order of magnitude more powerful events.  相似文献   

我国极端气温指数的时空变化与分区研究   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8  

向旬  王冀  王绪鑫  徐琪 《气象》2008,34(9):73-80

利用1961-2000年全国550个台站的逐日最高气温、最低气温资料计算出热浪指数和暖夜指数并对两个指数分别进行时空变化分析,结果表明极端气温指数的前2种模态基本代表了该指数的空间分布特征.热浪指数和暖夜指数的第一特征向量的荷栽场空间分布基本一致,全区为一致的增加和减少趋势,并且在时间变化上存在着明显年际和年代际变化特征.利用REOF和CAST聚类分析相结合的方法对热浪指数和暖夜指数进行分区,将全国热浪指数和暖夜指数分剐分成11个和10个变化区.经过验证发现该方法既克服了前者确定荷载值界限的主观性,又避免了后者选择气候中心的不确定性,使区划结果更具有客观性.  相似文献   

一个精细粒度实时计算资源管理系统   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

王彬  宗翔  魏敏 《应用气象学报》2008,19(4):507-512

由于相应业务系统软件的缺乏,国家级气象高性能计算机的资源管理措施落后于能力建设的发展。对此,该文提出了一个精细粒度实时计算资源管理系统。系统设计紧密围绕着目前竞争最为激烈的计算资源,采用资源虚拟单元GCU作为资源使用的计量单位,屏蔽了不同高性能计算机系统的体系结构差异,实现了计算资源细粒度的统一量化统计。系统可分为用户接口层、资源管理层、HPC系统层等3个层次,根据与网格平台软件不同结合方式以两种方式运行。在国家气象信息中心完成了系统的研发、部署和试验运行,根据试验运行的部分数据进行了用户单位和用户个人的计算资源使用的统计分析。目前,计算资源管理系统成果已成功应用到国家级气象高性能计算机计算资源的业务管理工作中。  相似文献   

应用AMSU B微波资料分析0509号Matsa台风水汽场分布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王新  方翔  邱红  朱元競 《气象》2009,35(12):30-36

热带气旋的形成、发展、移动以及消亡与大范围水汽输送和集中息息相关.此研究以2006年7-8月的AMSU-B的183.3±1、183.3±3、183.3±7GHz三个水汽通道亮温为主要资料源,利用三个通道所在的权重高度差异,分别建立了对流层高、中、低层水汽量与三个通道亮温的e指数统计回归关系.在此基础上,选取西北太平洋2005年09号麦莎台风,利用AMSU-B亮温通过回归关系式计算出的高、中、低层水汽量,就其水汽输送与强度变化关系进行了分析.结果表明,其一,微波水汽通道亮温能够很好地表征热带气旋环境场不同高度的水汽分布和水汽输送,尤其是对流层中层亮温的变化显示出的水汽量的变化与热带气旋强度密切相关;其二,热带气旋发展过程中,除了西南季风形成的西南水汽通道是水汽维持的重要输送带外,东南水汽通道也经常成为登陆热带气旋强度维持的主要水汽供给.  相似文献