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1.
Wenguang Yang Hongbo Zheng Ke Wang Xin Xie Guocheng Chen Xi Mei 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2008,2(2):170-176
Sediments with high sedimentation rate at site MD05-2905 in the Northeastern slope of the South China Sea provide unique materials
for a high-resolution study on the paleoenvironment. Based on precise dating of AMS 14C, grain size analysis of terrigenous debris at core MD05-2905 was conducted after organic matter, biological carbonate and
biogenic opal were removed. The results show that 15.5–63.5 μm coarse grain size ingredients may indicate East Asian winter
monsoon changes and that 2–9 μm fine grain size ingredients may be used as a proxy of evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon.
The results of grain size analysis, which suggest East Asian monsoon intensity, reveal that a winter monsoon dominated the
glacial regime and a summer monsoon dominated the Holocene regime. It was also shown that the summer monsoon increased gradually,
experienced several abrupt changes and reached a culmination in the early Holocene (11200–8500 a B.P.) since 36 ka. Controlled
by precession periodicity, it may be related with the amount of solar radiation at the highest stage, which needs further
study.
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Translated from Advances in Earth Science, 2007, 22(10): 1012–1018 [译自: 地球科学进展] 相似文献
2.
A new numerical method to solve the system of equations describing two phase flow in a Hele-Shaw cell is presented. It combines
a mixed finite element method, the method of subtraction of the singularity and a front tracking grid in a single computational
strategy. This choice of discretization techniques is well motivated by the difficulties present in the system of equations
and the physics of the problem. The new method was tested against analytical solutions and also by solving the Saffman–Taylor
viscous fingering problem for finite and infinite mobility ratios. In both cases convergence under mesh refinement is achieved
for the fingers developed from an initial sinusoidal interface. Finger splitting is observed for low values of the surface
tension and high mobility ratio. Different explanations, based in our results, are provided for this phenomenon.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
In this paper we study the infiltration of DNAPL in a porous medium containing a single low-permeable lens. Our aim is to
determine whether or not DNAPL infiltrates into the lens. A key role is played by the capillary pressure: DNAPL cannot infiltrate
into the lens unless the capillary pressure exceeds the entry pressure of the lens. In the model this is reflected by an interface
condition, the extended capillary pressure condition. To derive analytical approximations we first consider a steady-state
DNAPL plume in a homogeneous medium. This results in an estimate of the DNAPL plume width as a function of depth, and an asymptotic
solution for small saturations. Assuming that the extent of the lens is much larger than the width of the unperturbed DNAPL
plume in the homogeneous medium, we derive an explicit criterion for DNAPL infiltration into the lens in terms of a critical
inflow rate. A numerical algorithm is presented in which the extended capillary pressure condition is incorporated. The numerical
and analytical results show good qualitative agreement.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
中国中东部区域TRMM降水产品降尺度研究及其时空特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
该研究以中国中东部区域(17°～50°N,98°～135°E)为研究范围,在前人研究基础上,根据水汽与降水之间的关系,基于MOD05水汽产品,采用偏最小二乘法,对中国中东部区域2001—2010年10 a平均TRMM3B43_V 7月降水产品进行降尺度,旨在得到空间分辨率为1 km×1 km的月降水空间分布。通过比较分析,发现该降尺度模型能大幅提高TRMM产品空间分辨率,估算结果平均相对误差为15.35%,与地面观测较接近,能体现中国中东部区域降水宏观分布趋势,且估算结果精度高于前人基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)的降尺度模型,能满足降水产品的精细化需求。 相似文献
5.
6.
In this paper we have taken an attempt to study the feasibility of scale invariant theory (Wesson, 1981a,b) in Bianchi type
VIII and IX space-times with a time dependent gauge function (Dirac Gauge i.e. βα
)and a matter field in the form of a perfect fluid. It is found that Bianchi type VIII (δ=1) space-time is feasible in this
theory whereas Bianchi type IX (δ=-1) space-time is not feasible. In this feasible case a radiating model is constructed and
its physical behaviour is discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
7.
A three-dimensional, three-phase numerical model is presented for simulating the movement of immiscible fluids, including
nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs), through porous media. The model is designed to simulate soil flume experiments and for practical
application to a wide variety of contamination scenarios involving light or dense NAPLs in heterogeneous subsurface systems.
The model is derived for the three-phase flow of water, NAPL, and air in porous media. The basic governing equations are based
upon the mass conservation of the constitutents within the phases. The descretization chosen to transform the governing equations
into the approximating equations, although logically regular, is very general. The approximating equations are a set of simultaneous
coupled nonlinear equations which are solved by the Newton-Raphson method. The linear system solutions needed for the Newton-Raphson
method are obtained using a matrix of preconditioner/accelerator iterative methods.
Because of the special way the governing equations are implemented, the model is capable of simulating many of the phenomena
considered necessary for the sucessful simulation of field problems including entry pressure phenomena, entrapment, and preferential
flow paths. The model is verified by comparing it with several exact analytic test solutions and three soil flume experiments
involving the introduction and movement of light nonaqueous-phase liquid (LNAPL) or dense nonaqueous-phase liquid (DNAPL)
in heterogeneous sand containing a watertable.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Soil moisture is highly variable both spatially and temporally. It is widely recognized that improving the knowledge and understanding of soil moisture and the processes underpinning its spatial and temporal distribution is critical. This paper addresses the relationship between near‐surface and root zone soil moisture, the way in which they vary spatially and temporally, and the effect of sampling design for determining catchment scale soil moisture dynamics. In this study, catchment scale near‐surface (0–50 mm) and root zone (0–300 mm) soil moisture were monitored over a four‐week period. Measurements of near‐surface soil moisture were recorded at various resolutions, and near‐surface and root zone soil moisture data were also monitored continuously within a network of recording sensors. Catchment average near‐surface soil moisture derived from detailed spatial measurements and continuous observations at fixed points were found to be significantly correlated (r2 = 0·96; P = 0·0063; n = 4). Root zone soil moisture was also found to be highly correlated with catchment average near‐surface, continuously monitored (r2 = 0·81; P < 0·0001; n = 26) and with detailed spatial measurements of near‐surface soil moisture (r2 = 0·84). The weaker relationship observed between near‐surface and root zone soil moisture is considered to be caused by the different responses to rainfall and the different factors controlling soil moisture for the soil depths of 0–50 mm and 0–300 mm. Aspect is considered to be the main factor influencing the spatial and temporal distribution of near‐surface soil moisture, while topography and soil type are considered important for root zone soil moisture. The ability of a limited number of monitoring stations to provide accurate estimates of catchment scale average soil moisture for both near‐surface and root zone is thus demonstrated, as opposed to high resolution spatial measurements. Similarly, the use of near‐surface soil moisture measurements to obtain a reliable estimate of deeper soil moisture levels at the small catchment scale was demonstrated. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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10.
S. Ortolani † E. Bica B. Barbuy 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,388(2):723-728
The study of old open clusters outside the solar circle can bring constraints on formation scenarios of the outer disc. In particular, accretion of dwarf galaxies has been proposed as a likely mechanism in the area. We use BVI photometry for determining fundamental parameters of the faint open cluster ESO 92-SC05. Colour–magnitude diagrams are compared with Padova isochrones, in order to derive age, reddening and distance. We derive a reddening E ( B − V ) = 0.17 , and an old age of ∼6.0 Gyr. It is one of the rare open clusters known to be older than 5 Gyr. A metallicity of Z ∼ 0.004 or [M/H]∼−0.7 is found. The rather low metallicity suggests that this cluster might be the result of an accretion episode of a dwarf galaxy. 相似文献