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1.
Yun Jiang Piers Koefoed Olga Pravdivtseva Heng Chen Chun‐Hui Li Fang Huang Li‐Ping Qin Jia Liu Kun Wang 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2021,56(1):61-76
The alkali element K is moderately volatile and fluid mobile; thus, it can be influenced by both primary processes (evaporation and recondensation) in the solar nebula and secondary processes (thermal and aqueous alteration) in the parent body. Since these primary and secondary processes would induce different isotopic fractionations, K isotopes could become a potential tracer to distinguish them. Using recently developed methods with improved precision (0.05‰, 95% confidence interval), we systematically measured the K isotopic compositions and major/trace elemental compositions of chondritic components (18 chondrules, 3 CAIs, 2 matrices, and 5 bulks) in the carbonaceous chondrite fall Allende. Among all the components analyzed in this study, CAIs, which formed initially under high‐temperature conditions in the solar nebula and were dominated by nominally K‐free refractory minerals, have the highest K2O content (average 0.53 wt%) and have K isotope compositions most enriched in heavy isotopes (δ41K: ?0.30 to ?0.25‰). Such an observation is consistent with previous petrologic studies that show CAIs in Allende have undergone alkali enrichment during metasomatism. In contrast, chondrules contain lower K2O content (0.003–0.17 wt%) and generally lighter K isotope compositions (δ41K: ?0.87‰ to ?0.24‰). The matrix and bulks are nearly identical in K2O content and K isotope compositions (0.02–0.05 wt%; δ41K: ?0.62 to ? 0.46‰), which are, as expected, right in the middle of CAIs and chondrules. This strongly indicates that most of the chondritic components of Allende suffered aqueous alteration and their K isotopic compositions are the ramification of Allende parent‐body processing instead of primary nebular signatures. Nevertheless, we propose the small K isotope fractionations observed (< 1‰) among Allende components are likely similar to the overall range of K isotopic fractionation that occurred in nebular environment. Furthermore, the K isotope compositions seen in the components of Allende in this study are consistent with MC‐ICP‐MS analyses of the components in ordinary chondrites, which also show an absence of large (10‰) isotope fractionations. This is not expected as evaporation experiments in nebular conditions suggest there should be large K isotopic fractionations. Nevertheless, possible nebular processes such as chondrules back exchanging with ambient gas when they formed could explain this lack of large K isotopic variation. 相似文献
2.
Astronomy Letters - The birth function of neutron stars in magnetic field $$B$$ is estimated for two models of the evolution of radio pulsars corresponding to different directions of evolution of... 相似文献
3.
海南省连片贫困地区农户致贫风险分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
农村贫困与减贫是世界性难题,也是中国各级政府高度重视并着力解决的重大民生问题。基于农户及致贫风险的文献梳理,从区位、社会和劳动力3个要素维度构建了农户致贫风险分析的二元Logistic回归模型。采用484户农户问卷调查数据,分析了海南省连片贫困地区农户的致贫风险,提出有效减贫和持续发展对策。研究发现:① 海南连片贫困地区生态环境良好但贫困发生率较高,家庭劳动力较充裕但受教育水平较低,子女教育支出负担重,因病因残致贫比例较高,女性务工人口较多,农户自身脱贫致富的发展动力不足。② 海拔高度200 m以下、男性户主、拥有残疾或患病成员、务工人口比例低、女性务工人员占比高、以及单位劳动力供养学生数高的农户具有更大的致贫风险。③ 研究未发现女性户主、少数民族、低受教育水平户主、大型规模家庭有更高的致贫风险,女性成员比例、抚养比等因素对农户贫困影响较小。激发农户内生动力、大力发展特色化和规模化农业、增加农户就业机会、加强针对农民工、女性务工人员和病残群体的社会保障等减贫政策制定实施是实现脱贫攻坚目标的重要途径。 相似文献
4.
敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线地形复杂、起沙因素多变、沙源丰富,沙害问题日益严重。目前对其风沙活动规律还未有研究,不利于防沙工作的开展。为此,通过对自北向南的5个观测点(S1、S2、S3、S4、S5)风速和风向的观测、计算和分析,利用平均风速、起沙风况及输沙势对敦格铁路沿线的风动力环境特征进行研究。结果表明:S5、S4和S3的风况对铁路风沙灾害防治意义较大。S5年平均风速、起沙风频率和输沙势最大,春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一、风力强劲,风沙运动方向基本与铁路垂直,沙粒易在铁路附近堆积。S4夏季风沙活动最为强烈;S3春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一,S4和S3的风沙运动方向与铁路夹角小于90°,附近沙源广阔,铁路易受风沙侵蚀,阻碍交通运营。 相似文献
5.
基于16S rRNA高通量基因测序技术,对毛乌素沙地小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)、柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)根系微域(即根系、根际土、根区土、灌丛间空白土)间的细菌群落多样性和结构差异性进行表征。本研究对各根系微域间细菌群落的Alpha多样性指数进行了单因素方差分析以及基于OTU水平的PCA分析,探究其在根系微域间Alpha和Beta多样性的层级变化,证实了有关植物根系微域生态位分化的报道,并发现锦鸡儿属植物根系微域间细菌群落的多样性和结构组成随着4个微域类型由外及内呈现出显著的层级差异性(P<0.05)。通过对优势细菌群组的结构组成分析,发现锦鸡儿属植物对特定细菌群组具有显著的向根系内筛选富集的作用(P<0.05)。这种植物通过根系微域对特定细菌群组的逐级筛选富集作用,是导致锦鸡儿属植物灌丛下不同生态位间细菌群落结构和组成发生层级变异的主要原因。 相似文献
6.
Yu Zhi Shi Xiuzhi Zhou Jian Chen Xin Miao Xiaohu Teng Bing Ipangelwa Timo 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):843-865
Natural Resources Research - A large ore loss and dilution can be expected when using a pre-blast ore boundary for shovel guidance because of the movement and re-distribution of ore in the muck... 相似文献
7.
Yu Xinran Ahmadinia Masoud Shariatipour Seyed M. Lawton Don Osadetz Kirk Saeedfar Amin 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(4):2735-2752
Natural Resources Research - Carbon capture and storage is part of Canada’s climate change action plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Containment and Monitoring Institute Field... 相似文献
8.
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - In this paper we study the evolution of the matter distribution pattern of ink droplets falling freely into calm water and forming a cumulative back jet... 相似文献
9.
10.
The lithium-rich brine in salt lakes is the main raw material of the world’s lithium products, while the continental geothermal fluids with a high salinity often contain a high concentration of lithium. Continental geothermal system is the focus in the study of geothermal formation mechanism. However, less attention is paid to the system due to the complexity of lithology, and the application of lithium isotopes in this field has not been systematically recognized. The newest application and progress of lithium isotope geochemistry in continental geothermal research in recent years were discussed, the problems in this field were put forward, and future research methods and directions were expected. The study of continental geothermal fluids should attach great importance to the application of Li-B-Sr-U multi-isotopic method, and should also be combined with water-rock reaction experiments under different temperature conditions. Moreover, in the future, the research on continental geothermal system should pay more attention to the various sediment/rock lithium isotopic compositions and their spatio-temporal distribution characteristics in the regional or geothermal field’s scales, mineralogy of reservoir rock, and behaviors of lithium isotopes related to the formation of secondary minerals in the process of water-rock interaction, in order to reveal the complex process of fluid evolution in the geothermal system and provide scientific reference for the exploration, exploitation and utilization of lithium resources in the system. 相似文献