基于能量原理的粘滞阻尼器附加阻尼系数分配方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

王子龙  任文杰  杨新磊  陈博文 《世界地震工程》2020,(3):027-37

以线性粘滞阻尼器加固剪切型规则框架结构为研究对象，基于能量原理提出附加阻尼系数正比于层间位移平方的分配方式。以六层和十二层钢筋混凝土框架为例，以确保结构在中震时保持弹性状态为设计目标，分别采用附加阻尼系数正比于层间位移平方的分配方式以及现有的分配方式，对结构进行消能减震设计。计算结果表明:有控结构均满足中震不坏的要求，层间位移角限值均未超过1/550，减震效果良好；附加阻尼系数正比于层间位移平方的分配方式得出的总阻尼系数最小，为最经济的设计结果。  相似文献   

A comparative study of energy performance of hydrostatic seafloor sediment samplers and a new high-efficiency sampler     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The hydrostatic energy of high-pressure seawater is a renewable and green energy source for ocean exploration and have been used to replace underwater electrical energy transmission through the cable and underwater battery pack to power seafloor equipment. The advantage of the energy supply method is the cost-effective and the robustness. In the paper, the energy performance of the existing hydrostatic seafloor sediment samplers powered by seawater hydrostatic energy are modelled and analyzed and compared. In view of the common shortcoming of existing technology, a novel hydrostatic seafloor sediment sampler is proposed. The model of energy conversion of the new sampler is built, and its energy performance is obtained. The analysis results indicate that the energy conversion efficiency of the novel sediment sampler is much higher than the existing ones, which means that the new sampler can collect much longer sample with the limited amount of hydrostatic energy. The seawater hydrostatic energy conversion system of the new sampler can also be used to power other seafloor equipment.  相似文献   

Seismic performance of buildings retrofitted with nonlinear viscous dampers and adjacent reaction towers     

《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(5):1329-1351

An effective strategy of seismic retrofitting consists of installing nonlinear viscous dampers between the existing building, with insufficient lateral resistance, and some auxiliary towers, specially designed and erected as reaction structures. This allows improving the seismic performance of the existing building without any major alteration to its structural and nonstructural elements, which makes this approach particularly appealing for buildings with heritage value. In this paper, the nonlinear governing equations of the coupled lateral‐torsional seismic motion are derived from first principles for the general case of a multistory building connected at various locations in plan and in elevation to an arbitrary number of multistory towers. This formulation is then used to assess the performance of the proposed retrofitting strategy for a real case study, namely, a 5‐story student hall of residence in the city of Messina, Italy. The results of extensive time‐history analyses highlight the key design considerations associated with the stiffness of the reaction towers and the mechanical parameters of the nonlinear viscous dampers, confirming the validity of this approach.  相似文献   

论不同模式大气中的静力适应过程          下载免费PDF全文

郭海龙  刘宇迪  董毅 《地球物理学报》2018,61(1):52-64

为了研究大气静力平衡适应过程的本质，利用波动理论和能量转换角度，分别对完全可压缩的等温大气模型、滞弹近似下的等温大气模型和层结中性大气模型进行研究比较.结果表明：大气静力平衡适应过程的本质是声波和混合声重力波对扰动能量的频散过程，滞弹近似模型和层结中性模型均不能完全描述此适应过程；在波动假设下，此三类大气模型中扰动物理量之间的偏振关系同波动的性质有关，气团的运动方程均为椭圆方程，声波和混合声重力波对气团运动的作用差异较显著.
大气静力平衡适应过程中扰动能量以有效势能、有效弹性势能、动能或波动能量的形式存在并相互转换；扰动有效势能与其他形式能量之间的转换与混合声重力波或者重力内波有关，扰动有效弹性势能与其他形式能量之间的转换与声波有关.在完全可压缩的等温大气模型中，扰动有效势能增加1个单位，其中69.9%来自扰动垂直动能，其余30.1%来自扰动有效弹性势能.  相似文献   

Moment Magnitude and Its Calculation     

Chen Yuntai  Liu Ruifeng 《中国地震研究》2018,32(4):447-455

In this paper, we give a brief introduction to the proposal and development history of the earthquake magnitude concept. Moment magnitude M_W is the best physical quantity for measuring earthquakes. Compared with other magnitude scales used traditionally, moment magnitude is not saturated for all earthquakes, regardless of big and small earthquakes, deep and shallow earthquakes, far field and near field seismic data, geodetic and geological data, moment magnitude can be measured, and can be connected with well-known magnitude scales such as surface wave magnitude M_S. Moment magnitude is a uniform magnitude scale, which is suitable for statistics with wide magnitude range. Moment magnitude is the preferred magnitude selected by the International Seismological community, and it is preferred by the departments responsible for publishing seismic information to the public.Moment magnitude is a uniform magnitude scale, which is suitable for statistics with wide magnitude range. Moment magnitude is a preferred magnitude for international seismology, it is preferred by the agency responsible for providing information about earthquakes to the public. We provide all formulas used in the calculation of moment magnitude, and the calculation steps in detail. We also analyzed some problems and rules to solve these problems by using different formulas and numerical value calculation steps.  相似文献   

环形带地震活动能量场分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马禾青  杨明芝 《中国地震》2018,34(4):809-817

将地震活动能量作为随机场,采用自然正交函数(或称经验正交函数)展开方法进行分析,计算单元取为环形,选择7级、6级地震作为样本,计算了这些7级、6级地震前环形带地震活动典型场的时间因子曲线。结果表明,选取的7级、6级地震震例震前环形带地震活动典型场的时间因子曲线明显出现了偏离正常变化的异常,异常出现时间大多在震前3年至临震时。环形带地震活动场分析方法还能够分析发生异常的空间分布情况。最后就环形带地震活动场分析方法的应用效果、参数选取以及应用于实际地震预测工作的有关问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

部分预制型钢混凝土梁抗震性能试验研究          下载免费PDF全文

郭敬超  邵永健  梁松  薛祯钰 《世界地震工程》2018,34(4):016-23

为探究部分预制型钢混凝土梁的抗震性能，进行了7个部分预制型钢混凝土梁试件的拟静力试验，研究了试件的裂缝开展过程、破坏形态、承载能力、延性、耗能能力和刚度退化情况，探究预制截面模式、剪跨比和后浇混凝土强度等对其抗震能力的影响。结果表明:地震作用下，该7个试件力学性能较好，剪跨比是影响试件抗震性能的首要要素，剪跨比大的试件耗能能力强，型钢约束部分混凝土可以提高试件的耗能能力，截面模式和后浇混凝土强度对抗震性能影响不大。  相似文献   

Turbulence Diffusion and Energy Spectrum Analysis of Large-scale Current Sheets in Flares     

《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2021,45(4):470-493

Magnetic reconnection (MR) is one of the most important physical processes for many dynamical phenomena in the universe. Magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulation is an effective way to study the MR process and the physical pictures related to the MR. With different parameter setups, we investigate the influences of the Magnetic Reynolds number and spatial resolution on the reconnection rate, numerical dissipation, and energy spectrum distribution in the MHD simulation. We have found that the magnetic Reynolds number $R_m$ has definite impact on the reconnection rate and energy spectrum distribution. The characteristic time for entering into the non-linear phase will be earlier as the Reynolds number increases. When it comes to the tearing phase, the reconnection rate will increase rapidly. On the other hand, the magnetic Reynolds number affects significantly the Kolmogorov microscopic scale $l_{\mathit{ko}}$, which becomes smaller as $R_m$ increases. An extra dissipation is defined as the combined effect of the numerical diffusion and turbulence dissipation. It is shown that the extra dissipation is dominated by the numerical diffusion before the tearing mode instability takes place. After the instability develops, the extra dissipation rises vastly, which indicates that turbulence caused by the instability can enhance the diffusion obviously. Furthermore, the energy spectrum analysis indicates that $l_{\mathit{ko}}$ of the large-scale current sheet may appear at a macroscopic MHD scale very possibly.  相似文献   

海岸波浪多次破碎波能耗散模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫圣  邹志利 《海洋学报》2020,42(9):30-37

在坡度很缓(接近或小于1∶100)的海岸，波浪在向海岸传播的过程中，可能经历多次破碎，而在两次波浪破碎之间将伴随着波浪恢复(波浪恢复到不破碎状态)。在现有海岸波高计算模型中，波浪破碎是通过波能耗散来模拟的，但所采用的波能耗散模型都不能自动考虑波浪出现多次破碎的过程，特别精确模拟这一过程中出现的波浪恢复。本文提出了解决这一问题的新的波能耗散模型，模型的建立是通过在Dally模型中重新建立稳定波能、饱和波高水深比和波能耗散系数，并引入了波浪恢复的判断条件实现的。该模型的波能耗散在波浪恢复区的值很小故能描述波浪恢复区的波浪运动。与实验结果的对比表明，新模型可以适合缓坡情况波浪多次破碎的波高模拟，而且对不同坡度的平坡和沙坝海岸(1∶100～1∶10)的破碎波模拟都可以给出与实验结果符合的结果，并且可以自动识别多次波浪破碎的存在和波浪恢复的发生。  相似文献   

北极薄冰-煎饼冰区域中不同重力波驱动形成海流的敏感性分析     

张雪妍  戴海瑨  赵军  殷何卿 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(3):123-129

A coupled ocean-ice-wave model is used to study ice-edge jet and eddy genesis during surface gravity wave dissipation in a frazil-pancake ice zone. With observational data from the Beaufort Sea, possible wave dissipation processes are evaluated using sensitivity experiments. As wave energy dissipated, energy was transferred into ice floe through radiation stress. Later, energy was in turn transferred into current through ocean-ice interfacial stress. Since most of the wave energy is dissipated at the ice edge, ice-edge jets, which contained strong horizontal shear, appeared both in the ice zone and the ocean. Meanwhile, the wave propagation direction determines the velocity partition in the along-ice-edge and cross-ice-edge directions, which in turn determines the strength of the along-ice-edge jet and cross-ice-edge velocity. The momentum applied in the along-ice-edge(cross-ice-edge)direction increased(decreased) with larger incident angle, which is favorable condition for producing stronger mesoscale eddies, vice versa. The dissipation rate increases(decreases) with larger(smaller) wavenumber, which enhances(reduces) the jet strength and the strength of the mesoscale eddy. The strong along-ice-edge jet may extend to a deep layer(> 200 m). If the water depth is too shallow(e.g., 80 m), the jet may be largely dampened by bottom drag, and no visible mesoscale eddies are found. The results suggest that the bathymetry and incident wavenumber(magnitude and propagation direction) are important for wave-driven current and mesoscale eddy genesis.  相似文献