绿色空间对休闲性体力活动影响的社区分异 ——以广州市为例     

戴颖宜  朱战强  周素红 《热带地理》2019,39(2):237-246

以广州市20个典型社区为例，构建多元线性回归模型，探讨了绿色空间对居民休闲性体力活动的影响，并剖析绿色空间对不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动影响的作用机制。结果发现：1）不同类型社区居民的休闲性体力活动水平存在明显差异，低档社区的为782.99 MET-min/w，中档社区的为871.70 MET-min/w，高档社区的为1 227.91 MET-min/w；2）影响不同类型社区居民休闲性体力活动水平的绿色空间因素有所不同，低档社区、中档社区和高档社区的显著因子分别为“到最近公园广场距离”“邻里绿化覆盖率”和“健身活动设施数量”；3）绿色空间对休闲性体力活动水平影响的作用机制存在社区差异，低档社区居民休闲性体力活动主要受到成本作用的约束，中档社区居民主要受绿化环境作用影响，而高档社区居民主要受机会作用影响。  相似文献   

Studying Resource-Dependent Communities Through a Social-Ecological Lens? Examining Complementarity with Existing Research Traditions in Canada     

Sara Teitelbaum  Annie Montpetit  Jean-François Bissonnette  Clément Chion  Guy Chiasson  Frédérik Doyon 《社会与自然资源》2019,32(1):93-112

This article explores the suitability of Ostrom and colleagues' social-ecological systems framework (SESF) for the study of resource-dependent communities in Canada. Through a broad literature about resource-dependent communities in Canada, three main approaches are identified, named staples research, rural development, and sustainability studies. Each of these research traditions is analyzed with regards to a common set of criteria – focus, scale, methods, treatment of institutions, and treatment of environmental dimensions. Research in each category is compared and contrasted with the SESF approach, to identify areas of overlap and divergence. Results indicate that the SESF is unlikely to provide additional benefit in terms of in-depth of social analysis, however, it does provide a unique contribution in terms of its coupled approach to conceiving social and ecological systems and its ability to operationalize these relationships through structured variables.  相似文献   

Double-difference tomography of P- and S-wave velocity structure beneath the western part of Java,Indonesia     

Shindy Rosalia  Sri Widiyantoro  Andri Dian Nugraha  Pepen Supendi 《地震科学（英文版）》2019,32(1):12-25

West Java in the western part of the Sunda Arc has a relatively high seismicity due to subduction activity and faults. In this study, double-difference tomography was used to obtain the 3D velocity tomograms of P and S waves beneath the western part of Java. To infer the geometry of the structure beneath the study area, precise earthquake hypocenter determination was first performed before tomographic imaging. For this, earthquake waveform data were extracted from the regional Meteorological, Climatological, Geophysical Agency (BMKG) network of Indonesia from South Sumatra to Central Java. The P and S arrival times for about 1,000 events in the period April 2009 to July 2016 were selected, the key features being events of magnitude > 3, azimuthal gap < 210° and number of phases > 8. A nonlinear method using the oct-tree sampling algorithm from the NonLinLoc program was employed to determine the earthquake hypocenters. The hypocenter locations were then relocated using double-difference tomography (tomoDD). A significant reduction of travel-time (root mean square basis) and a better clustering of earthquakes were achieved which correlated well with the geological structure in West Java. Double-difference tomography was found to give a clear velocity structure, especially beneath the volcanic arc area, i.e., under Mt Anak Krakatau, Mt Salak and the mountains complex in the southern part of West Java. Low velocity anomalies for the P and S waves as well as the v_P/v_S ratio below the volcanoes indicated possible partial melting of the upper mantle which ascended from the subducted slab beneath the volcanic arc.  相似文献   

九寨沟国家级自然保护区长海夏季浮游植物群落结构及生态评价     

邢冰伟  徐季雄  曹玥  邓贵平  庞婉婷  王全喜 《湖泊科学》2020,32(4):1088-1099

高山湖泊对于全球气候变化及人类影响是一个极为敏感的参照系统.九寨沟国家级自然保护区长海作为一个独特的高山湖泊,研究其浮游植物群落结构及其与环境的关系,评估其水质现状及影响因素,有着重要的意义.本文于2014年7月对长海浮游植物群落结构进行了研究.全湖共布设12个采样点,并在中心采样点进行了垂直分层采样.本次调查共发现浮游植物6门38属63种,平均丰度为6.98×10~5cells/L,平均生物量为0.31 mg/L.浮游植物的水平分布差异不大;在垂直分布上,浮游植物的丰度从表层0.5 m至水下50 m呈现先增加后减少的趋势,在20 m水深处达到最大.长海浮游植物的优势种是长海小环藻(Cyclotella changhai)和飞燕角甲藻(Ceratium hirundinella),长海小环藻数量较多,飞燕角甲藻生物量较大.长海浮游植物多样性指数较低,综合各类水质评价方法,可以得出九寨沟长海处于贫-中营养状态.  相似文献   

布达拉宫旅游商业化的社区治理研究     

梁坤  罗爽 《世界地理研究》2019,28(5):191-199

以社区为出发点，综合旅游商业化、社区治理等相关理论，在布达拉宫及周边社区旅游商业化表征分类的基础上，梳理其社区旅游商业化的治理成效及治理困境。再运用静态博弈模型与决策树，分析布达拉宫及周边社区旅游商业化的治理中各利益主体博弈的过程，并探析治理困境的原因。研究发现，旅游商业化的社区治理受到各利益主体间权力大小和利益选择的影响。政府及相关部门处于强势地位，主导并采取措施治理旅游商业化。布达拉宫的各空间圈层在商业化治理过程和难度上都存在明显差异。引起治理困境的原因主要是“权”与“利”的纠葛、商业化控制的阈限不清晰、利益主体之间的沟通不畅。在主要利益相关者的博弈中，各治理主体共同重构一个相对均衡的“利益－权力”关系结构，以保证社区旅游商业化得以有效治理。  相似文献   

以鲢、鳙养殖为主的长江中下游武山湖浮游植物群落结构特征     

张佳敏  高健  杨诚  张泽慧  潘超  廖明军  赵以军  王和云  杨雨慧 《湖泊科学》2020,32(6):1771-1783

武山湖是紧邻长江的通江型富营养化湖泊，是国家级湿地公园.为切实了解该湖在以鲢、鳙养殖为主的情况下浮游植物结构特征，于2017年9月-2018年8月对其浮游植物群落结构特征及水质开展了监测.监测结果表明武山湖水质全年处于轻度富营养到重度富营养水平之间；12次共采集浮游植物7门100种（属），浮游植物优势种共有23种，其中蓝藻门有9种，绿藻门有8种，硅藻门和隐藻门各有3种.夏季和秋季蓝藻门优势种最多且优势度高，冬季和春季绿藻门和硅藻门优势种多且优势度高.武山湖浮游植物每月优势度最大的种类主要有蓝藻门微囊藻和细小平裂藻、绿藻门小球藻以及硅藻门小环藻.浮游植物生物量峰值出现在6月，达34.77 mg/L；丰度峰值出现在7月，达341.46×10⁶ cells/L.冗余分析（RDA）和线性相关分析均表明浮游植物丰度和生物量与总磷、温度和pH均呈显著正相关，且蓝藻门生物量和丰度以及优势属与总磷和温度均呈显著正相关.研究结果表明武山湖浮游植物丰度和生物量在夏季均很高，发生蓝藻水华的风险较大.相对于氮，磷是更重要的限制浮游植物生长的营养元素.  相似文献   

The evolution of brittle and ductile structures at the surface of a partly debris-covered,rapidly thinning and slowly moving glacier in 1998–2012 (Pasterze Glacier,Austria)     

Andreas Kellerer-Pirklbauer  Bernd Kulmer 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2019,44(5):1034-1049

Many glaciers in alpine regions are currently rapidly receding and thinning at historically unobserved rates causing changes in the velocity field and in normal and shear stresses affecting the surface expression of structures within the ice. We studied the distribution of brittle and ductile structures at the surface of Pasterze Glacier during a 14-year period by analysing orthophotos and digital elevation models of five stages (1998, 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012). A structural glaciological mapping key was applied. Normal faults, strike-slip faults, en échelon structures (systematic stepping of fractures), thrust faults, and band ogives were distinguished. Results indicate substantial deceleration and glacier thinning in 1998–2012. Glacier thinning was not homogenous over time related to the uneven distribution of supraglacial debris causing differential ablation or the selective ablation effects of subglacial water channels. Peculiar supraglacial features observed are circular collapse structures with concentric crevasses which form when the ice between the surface and the roof of water channels decreases. The total length of brittle structures increased from 38.4 km to 56.9 km whereas the extent of the glacier tongue decreased by 25%. The fracture density doubled from 0.009 to 0.018 m/m². Areas of the glacier tongue which were up to 100 m away from the nearest brittle structure increased by 16%. The visual appearance of thrust faults shifted upglacier due to decreasing glacier velocity causing horizontal shortening or due to exhumation of faults that did not previously extend to the surface. A large number of brittle structures are progressively independent from glacier motion. Our study suggests that glacier tongues which are in a state of rapid decay and thinning are prone to fracturing due to normal fault formation and glacier disintegration. Water further increases ablation rates substantially if rather large amounts drain through supra-, en- or subglacial water channels. © 2018 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  相似文献   

粤西海陵湾养殖区邻近海域大型底栖动物生态学特征   总被引：6，自引：5，他引：1  

李亚芳  杜飞雁  王亮根  宁加佳  李纯厚 《海洋与湖沼》2018,49(6):1294-1307

根据2014—2016年粤西海陵湾养殖区湾内和湾外邻近海域21°27′—21°38′N、111°42′—111°57′E 4个航次调查资料,对其大型底栖动物生态学特征进行了研究。结果表明,共鉴定大型底栖动物64种,春季种类最多为39种,秋季最低为17种。4季均以环节动物种类数最多,软体动物次之。不同季节间优势种有所差异,仅倍棘蛇尾Amphioplus sp.为周年优势种。春、夏、秋和冬季第一优势种分别为倍棘蛇尾、菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum、短吻铲荚螠Listriolobus brevirostris和平蛤蜊Mactra mera。平均丰度和生物量分别为213ind./m~2和15.4g/m~2,其中丰度以春季最高为248ind./m~2,夏季最低为167ind./m~2,而生物量则以秋季最高为28.0g/m~2,春季最低为2.4g/m~2;平面分布总体呈现湾外高于湾内的趋势。底栖动物Pielou均匀度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为0.95—1.00和1.56—4.07,其中时间分布规律明显,春季最高,秋季最低;空间上,两者无明显分布差异。群落结构时空差异显著,为沉积物类型、水深、底层无机氮和悬浮物以及捕食压力等因素共同影响的结果。  相似文献   

招平断裂带中段深部结构构造——来自地震剖面的证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

单伟  于学峰  李洪奎  郭宝奎  耿科  李大鹏  禚传源 《山东国土资源》2018,34(5)

玲珑花岗岩岩基东侧的招平断裂带是胶西北矿集区的主要控矿构造之一。布设于招平断裂带中段大尹格庄矿区的地震剖面,揭示了招平断裂带中段深部的结构构造特征,地震剖面显示,玲珑岩基内部有多个类似"拱弧构造"的岩浆侵入形成的弧形界面,由此推测存在2~3期的岩浆活动。剖面显示了3期构造组合样式,第1期为以招平断裂带和宋家河断裂为组合倾向SE的铲式断裂,底部似汇入统一的构造滑脱带;第2期为倾向NW的错断了招平断裂带的反倾伸展断裂;第3期为NE向延伸以花状构造为特征的走滑断裂。前两期反映构造发育处于伸展环境,第3期显示为左行走滑。招平断裂带深部延伸存在分支复合现象,形成由2个主裂面夹持的透镜状岩片。地震反射剖面数据的获得对深刻理解该区域中生代岩浆构造演化过程和深部找矿具有重要的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

社区关系、效益感知与亲旅游行为研究：一个有调节的中介作用模型          下载免费PDF全文

李东  崔春雨  马长发  关靖云  陈玥彤  王玉清 《干旱区地理》2020,43(4):1098-1107

目的地居民作为旅游活动的重要参与主体,对旅游业的行为态度不仅影响着游客的感知和体验,也对目的地旅游业的可持续发展起着重要作用。在旅游支持态度与亲环境行为等相关研究的基础上,提出亲旅游行为的概念,表达居民促进旅游业在当地更好发展的行为意向。以社会表征理论研究框架为基础,构建“社区关系—效益感知—行为态度”模型,实证考察了社区关系对亲旅游行为的影响,探讨了旅游效益感知的中介作用和旅游事件依恋的调节作用。结果表明：社区关系对目的地居民经济效益、社会效益、环境效益感知均具有显著的正向影响,积极的旅游影响感知又对亲旅游行为产生显著的正向影响作用。居民对经济、社会、环境效益的感知在社区关系与亲旅游行为之间存在多重链式中介作用,传统的中介模型低估了旅游效益感知的影响作用。旅游事件依恋正向调节了社区关系与旅游社会效益感知、环境效益感知的关系。研究结论为揭示旅游介入情境下社区关系、效益感知与亲旅游行为之间的影响机制提供了一定的理论依据,对于目的地社区旅游开发与管理具有一定的实践参考价值。  相似文献