分光光度法测定海洋河弧菌510脂多糖     

张运涛  顾谦群  方玉春  吕元萌  管华诗 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2003,33(3):355-360

本文研究了直接测定海洋河弧菌 (vibrio fluvailis) 5 10脂多糖的分光光度法。利用 1,9-二甲基亚甲蓝 (DMB) ,在适当条件下同脂多糖发生染色反应 ,在 5 5 0 nm波长下 ,反应体系的吸光值同脂多糖含量呈线性相关。相关系数为 0 .9993,最低检出限为 10 μg/m L,相对标准偏差为 1.6 2 ,平均回收率为 (10 5± 2 .18) %。  相似文献   

溴素的有机化学──I．2，4，6－三溴苯甲酸溴代和非溴代芳酯的合成     

蔡月琴  钱佐国  孙明昆 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(3)

用ｍ－氨基苯甲酸作原料，经溴代、重氮化、还原脱氨、酰氯化和酯化反应等步骤，合成了六种新型的三溴苯甲酸的溴代和非溴代芳酯，即；双（２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸）－２＇，３＇，５＇，６＇－四溴－１＇，４＇－苯二酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－２＇，３＇，４＇，５＇，６＇－五溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－２＇，４＇，６＇－三溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－４＇－溴苯酯，２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸－４＇－甲基苯酯和２，４，６－三溴苯甲酸苯酯．通过对产物中碳、氢、溴元素的定量分析以及红外吸收光谱和氢核磁共振谱的研究，验证了合成产物的结构。  相似文献   

五种抗真菌药物对远海梭子蟹离体卵孵化的影响     

廖永岩  赵丽梅 《海洋通报》2001,20(3):40-44

研究了不同浓度的孔雀石绿、亚甲基蓝、制霉菌素、达克宁、里劳素等抗真菌药,对远海梭子蟹离体卵孵化及幼体培育的影响.结果发现,孔雀石绿和里劳素的抗真菌效果较好,它们的最适浓度分别为0.2×10-6,0.1×10-6.  相似文献   

The concentration and distribution of different mercury species in the water columns and sediment of Aha Lake     

Weiyang BAI Xinbin FENG Xuewu FU Tianrong HE Guangle QIU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):154-154

In order to find out whether Aha Lake was polluted by the acid mining waste water or not, the concentration and distribution of different mercuryspecies in the water columns and sediment profile collected from Aha Lake were investigated. It was found that discernible seasonal variation of different mercury species in water body were obtained in the Aha Reservoir. With regards to the whole sampling periods, the concentrations of HgP in the Aha Reservoir water body were evidently correlated to the concentrations of total mercury, showing that total mercury was mostly associated with particle mercury. The concentrations of methylmercury in water body were also evidently correlated to the concentrations of dissolved mercury. The dissolved mercury evidently affects the distribution and transportation of methylmercury. However, there is no correlation between methylmercury and total mercury. The dissolved mercury, reactive mercury, dissolved methylmercury levels in the water body of high flow period were much higher than those in low flow period. The distribution, speciation and levels of mercury within the Aha Reservoir water body were governed by several factors, such as the output of river, the release of sediment . Discernible seasonal variation of total mercury and methylmercury in porewater was described during the sampling periods, with the concentrations in high flow period generally higher than those in low flow period. The methylmercury in pore water column was evidently correlated to that of the sediment. The results indicated that highly elevated MeHgD concentrations in the porewater were produced at the depths from 2 to 5 cm in the sediment profile, and decreased sharply with depth. A positive correlation has been found between MeHgD formation and sulfate reducing bacterial activity. These highly elevated concentrations of MeHgD at the intersurface between waters and sediments suggest a favorable methylation condition. Moreover,  相似文献   

Methylmercury and human biomarkers： Questioning the evidence     

《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):239-239

Methylmercury （MeHg） is a powerful neurotoxicant in humans. In terms of biomarkers of MeHg exposure, hair and blood have long been used in epidemiological studies as the biomarkers of choice. In fact, total hair mercury （Hg） content as well as organic blood Hg concentrations reflects exposure to organic Hg from food consumption. Extensive studies, establishing a constant and linear relation between MeHg intake versus Hg levels in hair and blood, were conducted by governmental officials to establish guidelines on safe levels of MeHg exposure, which were translated into threshold daily fish consumption rates （usually expressed as μg MeHg per kg bodyweight）. Nowadays, in most epidemiologic studies blood or hair mercury （Hg） level is commonly used as a valid proxy to estimate human exposure to methylmercury （MeHg） through fish consumption without relating this signal to actual fish consumption patterns among populations. Human variability in mercury toxicokinetics was identified and measurement error has been pointed out to be a substantial contributor to observed variability, particularly where dietary information is retrospective and self-reported. However, experimental evidence indicates that significant variability among individuals may exist in the biokinetics of mercury. Also recent findings from previous population-based studies through COMERN initiative also revealed that MeHg metabolic processes might greatly vary across populations. In fact, it is unlikely that the magnitude of the difference measured between observed and expected levels of mercury, given the reported intake, can be entirely explained by laboratory measurement errors or reporting bias.  相似文献   

八面河地区原油、烃源岩中甾类化合物的分布特征及其应用   总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14  

李素梅  庞雄奇等 《地球科学》2002,27(6):711-717

对渤海湾盆地八面河地区31个分别形成于还原性咸化水体和淡水环境的页岩和泥岩样、20个油样中甾类化合物进行了剖析。结果表明该区烃源岩、原油中的甾类化合物异常丰富，主要包括C27－29规则甾烷、C28－304－甲基甾烷、甲藻甾烷以及芳香甾类；不同层段烃源岩中甾类化合物的分布各具特色，发育于牛庄洼陷南斜坡咸化水体的富藻类沙四段页岩富含4－甲基甾烷及甲藻甾烷，形成于淡水环境的沙三段泥岩中甲藻甾烷不太发育。烃源岩、原油中规则甾烷的分布型式明显有别于甲基甾烷，指示两类化合物可能来源于不同的藻类属种。甾类化合物的分布特征受控于古环境、生物先质种类及热成熟度等多种因素。不同层段甾类化合物的特征性分布使其成为该区油源岩确认的关键指标。结果还表明，甲基甾烷在油源岩识别中比规则甾烷具有更好的应用效果。依据甾类化合物，可判断埋深超过2700m的Es4烃源岩与原油具有较好的相关性，发育于牛洼洼陷南斜坡的未熟－低熟特殊烃源岩－富藻类页岩与原油没有可比性，该结论是对近期油源调查结果的进一步确认。  相似文献   

铅—试铁灵络合物吸附波及溴化十六烷基三甲基铵增敏效应的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张淑云  何平 《岩矿测试》1997,16(4):313-315

在０３０ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＡｃ介质中，Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）与７＿碘＿８＿羟基喹啉＿５＿磺酸（试铁灵，Ｆｅｒｏｎ）的络合物于－０５４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）产生一尖锐的极谱波，加入溴化十六烷基三甲基铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）显著增敏，可使极谱波增高约４倍。峰电流与Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）浓度在９６×１０－９～４８×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ呈良好的线性关系，检出限为４８×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用多种电化学方法研究了该极谱波的性质及电极反应机理表明，络合物组成比为ｎＰｂ（Ⅱ）∶ｎＦｅｒｏｎ＝１∶１，极谱波为吸附波，峰电流由中心离子Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）还原产生，电子转移数为２。试验了多种离子对峰电流的影响，拟定的方法用于矿样分析，结果与原结果相符。  相似文献   

珠江口盆地东部油气系统地球化学-Ⅰ:油组划分、油源对比及混源油确定   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12  

张水昌  龚再升  梁狄刚  吴克强  汪建蓉  宋孚庆  王培荣  王汇彤  何忠华 《沉积学报》2004,22(Z1):15-26

对珠江口盆地东部原油和烃源岩抽提物进行了详细的生物标志化合物检测,结果发现存在两类不同特征的原油,第一类原油含有丰富的C30 4-甲基甾烷,而C19三环萜烷、双杜松烷(主要是T构型)等代表陆生高等植物生源的分子化合物浓度低,与典型湖相沉积的文昌组烃源岩有良好的可比性;另一类原油具有高丰度的双杜松烷和C19三环萜烷以及较高的Pr/Ph值等,代表着偏氧化环境下以高等植物生源为主的恩平组湖沼相烃源岩的贡献,但这类原油中同时也不同程度地含有只是在文昌组岩石中才有的C30 4-甲基甾烷,因而认为这类油是两套烃源岩的混源产物,恩平组原油的混合比例最高可达80%以上 ,主要分布在惠州凹陷及其南边的西惠地凸起上.原油配比实验表明,即使在文昌组生成的原油中加入50%～80%的恩平组原油,混合油仍表现出文昌组生源的特征.因此,4-甲基甾烷的存在不能作为判识珠江口盆地东部油源主要是文昌组的唯一证据.文昌组烃源岩对珠一坳陷商业性油藏的贡献是普遍的,但恩平组烃源岩对惠州凹陷周边凸起上的油田/油藏的显著贡献不容忽视.正是由于恩平组生成的原油的再次注入,使得早期发生生物降解了的油藏再次充满,使油质变轻.  相似文献   

含钒金红石可见光下催化降解亚甲基蓝实验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨磊  王长秋  鲁安怀  郭延军  刘菲  马生凤 《地学前缘》2005,12(Z1):184-188

利用含有钒等杂质的金红石可部分吸收可见光的特性,以500 W卤素灯作为光源,实验研究了其对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解,结果表明,该金红石具有催化活性,7 h后亚甲基蓝可降解71 2%。经过加热、粉碎改性方法处理后的金红石光催化活性明显提高,加热1 100 ℃的金红石样品7 h后可使亚甲基蓝的降解率达到90 4%。增加光照强度、加入适当的H2O2 都可提高降解效果。实验为充分开发利用天然金红石提出了新的途径,为环境污染治理提出了新方法。  相似文献   

塔中隆起中深5井与中深1井■和烷基■分布特征与油源启示北大核心CSCD     

王道伟  王铁冠  李美俊  宋到福  师生宝 《地球化学》2016,(5):451-461

塔里木盆地塔中隆起中深5井在下寒武统(?_1w)吾松格尔组白云岩中有油显示,属低凝、低黏度、低硫、含蜡轻质油。分析了中深5井、中深1井和中深1C井原油中■、苯并[a]蒽及其烷基取代系列和稳定碳同位素的分布特征,并与塔里木盆地台盆区古生界典型烃源岩及相关原油进行对比,结果表明,中深5井和中深1井原油中苯并[a]蒽及甲基苯并[a]蒽相对于■及甲基■的含量很低,碳同位素较轻,与上奥陶统烃源岩具可比性,而中深1C井原油中苯并[a]蒽及甲基苯并[a]蒽相对含量较高,碳同位素较重,并与寒武系烃源岩具可比性。对于缺少常规甾萜类生物标志物的高成熟轻质油/凝析油来说,及其烷基取代系列是进行油源判识的有效分子标志物。  相似文献