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对土壤有机质的测定方法从消煮方式、消煮温度、消煮时间、干扰因子的去除等方面进行了改进和探讨。用土壤国家标准物质GBW07406、GBW07427、GBW07428、GBW07430和自制二级土壤参考标准物质GRD40-13验证改进后的方法,测定值与标准值吻合。对GBW07402、GBW07424各进行12次测定,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=12)分别为:2.02%;0.73%。本法的氧化校正系数=1.00,且准确度高、重现性好、无污染、操作简便,已成功应用于诸多土壤样品分析中,结果完全能达到测试质量要求,适用于测定有机质含量在15%以下的土壤样品。 相似文献
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(U-Th)/He定年是一种有效的低温热年代学定年技术,现已被广泛应用于地质研究的各个领域,而矿物中4He同位素的有效提取和含量准确测定是该技术的关键。磷灰石和锆石是(U-Th)/He定年最常用的矿物,其4He提取条件及铀钍含量测定方法都较为成熟;而其他矿物(如磁铁矿、橄榄石、针铁矿、石榴子石等)的研究则相对较少。文章介绍了当前国内外(U-Th)/He研究中采用的4He同位素提取方法———真空炉加热法和激光加热法,激光加热法因具有低4He背景值和耗时短的优点而成为主要的提取方法。以磷灰石样品测试为例,介绍了成都地质矿产研究所建立的采用激光加热法和四极杆质谱提取4He同位素及其含量测量过程、含量计算和校正方法。指出未来(U-Th)/He测试技术除继续改进现有分析方法外,应加强对更多不同矿物的测试研究。 相似文献
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分析岩石矿物中的气体化学组成,可为岩石圈地幔的不同地球化学过程、地球内部氧化还原环境以及水在深部地球中的循环等研究提供重要的信息与约束条件。对岩矿样品加热使气体脱出是一种常用的实验手段,使用单石英玻璃管作为样品管,石英玻璃结构中不规则的空隙使得气体在高温下易发生扩散与渗透;由钼、钽坩埚组成的双真空炉管一般用于稀有气体同位素组成分析,较少用于气体化学组成分析,且该装置结构复杂,不易组装拆解,也易被损坏。针对以上问题,本文研制了石英玻璃与金属零件组成的双真空盛样炉管,该炉管具有体积小、易于组装、拆解和移动等特点。在相同的实验条件下与单石英玻璃管进行对照实验。根据实验结果,尤其是H_2浓度的测量结果表明:不论哪种类型的样品在500℃和950℃加热脱气时,应用本文研制的双真空盛样炉管,测量的H_2浓度均高于同等实验条件下应用单石英玻璃管测量的H_2浓度,该双真空炉管的气密性优于单石英玻璃管,有利于获得样品中更加真实的气体化学组成。 相似文献
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LIULi JIHongwei LIUYing XINHuizhen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):152-156
This paper investigates a microwave heating method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in seawater. The influences of microwave-power, heating time and standard substances on the results are studied. Using the proposed method, we analyzed the glucose standard solution, the coefficient of variation being less than 2%. Compared with the traditional electric stove heating method, the results of F-test and T-test showed that there was no significant difference between the two methods, but the microwave method had slightly higher precision and reproducibility than the electric stove method. With the microwave heating method, several seawater samples from Jiaozhou Bay and the South Yellow Sea were also analyzed. The recovery was between 97.5% and 104.3%. This new method has the advantages of shortening the heating time, improving the working efficiency and having simple operation and therefore can be used to analyze the COD in seawater. 相似文献
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Water-tank experiment on the thermal circulation induced by the bottom heating in an asymmetric valley 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Water tank experiments were carried out to investigate the thermal convection due to the bottom heating in an asymmetrical valley under neutral and stably stratified approach flows with the Particle Image Velometry (PIV) visualization technique. In the neutral stratification approach flow, the ascending draft induced by bottom heating is mainly located in the center of the valley in calm ambient wind. However~with ambient wind flow, the thermal convection is shifted leeward, and the descending draft is located on the leeward side of the valley, while the ascending draft is located on the windward side. The descending draft is minorly turbulent and organized, while the ascending draft is highly turbulent. With the increase of the towing speed, the descending and ascending drafts induced by the mechanical elevation begin to play a more dominant role in the valley flow, while the role of the thermal convection in the valley airflow becomes limited. In the stable stratification approach flow, the thermal convection is limited by the stable stratification and no distinct circulation is formed in calm ambient wind. With ambient wind, agravity wave appears in the upper layer in the valley. With the increase of the ambient wind speed, a gravity wave plays an important role in the valley flow, and the location and intensity of the thermal convection are also modulated by the gravity internal waves. The thermal convection has difficulty penetrating the upper stable layer. Its exchange is limited between the air in the upper layer and that in the lower layer in the valley, and it is adverse to the diffusion of pollutants in the valley. 相似文献
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在多年的气象仪器检定工作中发现 ,玻璃液体温度表出现的最常见的故障就是温度表的液柱中断 ,它是能够修理或者有可能修复的。由于玻璃液体温度表材料和构造的特殊性 ,其修复难度较大 ,稍有不慎可导致温度表报废。所以 ,掌握其修复技术非常重要。下面就长期检定工作中总结出的几种温度表液体断柱的修复方法做一介绍 ,供参考。1 修复原理水银柱或酒精柱中断现象是由于气体逸入水银或酒精造成的 ,气泡将水银或酒精柱分为两段或几段 ,因毛细管很细气体不能上升到顶端而形成中断。所以 ,修复时主要用下面几种原理 :(1)利用水银或酒精柱的重量排… 相似文献
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天然气水合物研究的新进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
天然气水合物的调查评价刚刚起步,有关其成藏机理等许多问题有待解决。最近国际上关于天然气水合物资源和成藏机理的研究有新的进展,现根据大量的实际调查资料重新估算了天然气水合物资源量,并认为过去报道的资源量过高;海底天然气水合物的聚集与烃流体的垂向运移有关,泥火山底辟构造控制了海底天然气水合物的聚集和分布;天然气水合物的开采方式与常规油气藏开发不同,宜采用简单加热法、抑制剂法和减压法开采;近期应主要进行海底及浅层的天然气水合物勘探。 相似文献