Petroleum geochemistry of the Kimmeridge Clay of onshore Southern and Eastern England     

Paul F. V. Williams 《Marine and Petroleum Geology》1986,3(4)

The Kimmeridge Clay is considered a major oil source rock for the North Sea hydrocarbon province. The formation is also developed onshore in an organic-rich mudstone facies. This paper examines the possibility of onshore oil generation from the Kimmeridge Clay. Geochemically, onshore basin margin sediments contain rich, potential source horizons with mainly Type l/Type ll oil-prone kerogen, but are immature. Some deeper Cleveland Basin sediments have reached marginal maturity. Burial history reconstruction suggests significant formation palaeoburial depths in central areas of the Cleveland and Wessex Basins. Computed vitrinite isoreflectance contours show the Wealden and Isle of Wight Kimmeridge Clay to be thermally mature. Basin modelling suggests an early Palaeogene onset of oil generation in parts of the Cleveland Basin, while maximum oil generation could have been reached by the formation base in the Isle of Wight area during the late Cretaceous. Although basin subsidence ceased in the Neogene, in the Weald and Isle of Wight, where the formation is still deeply buried, oil generation probably continued for some time during uplift. Thus significant quantities of oil could have been generated. Whether or not this oil is present today however, would depend on the correct timing of suitable migration and trap structures.  相似文献   

南海北部含油气构造上方化探异常研究     

陈汉宗  周蒂  王平 《热带海洋学报》1997,(3)

在南海北部利用地球化学方法作为油气勘探的一种辅助手段。在6个航次中采集了沉积物、底层海水及海面大气样品，测定了近50种化探指标，并采用稳健统计方法进行了数据处理和异常圈定。化探结果在油气藏上方发现了清晰的、具不同指标组合的综合化探异常，与邻近空构造形成鲜明的对照。圈闭顶部的块状异常和圈闭周绿的环状、半环状异常是下伏油气藏的良好指示，而剖面上呈锯齿状、平面上呈线状的异常则与断裂带有关。实践表明，建立已知油气藏上方的化探异常模式及解剖已知空构造上方的地球化学特征对于指导本区或邻区的化探异常评价是十分必要的。  相似文献   

Assessment of the effects of hydrocarbon contamination on the sedimentary bacterial communities and determination of the polar lipid fraction purity: Relevance of intact phospholipid analysis     

Nicolas Mazzella  Josiane Molinet  Agung Dhamar Syakti  Jean-Claude Bertrand  Pierre Doumenq   《Marine Chemistry》2007,103(3-4):304-317

This in situ study reports on the relevance of intact phospholipids as new biomarkers and highlights the limits of the classical fatty acid analysis after the hydrolysis of the polar lipid fraction. The analysis of polar lipid fractions revealed significant contributions of marine macrophytes with either non-phospholipid compounds (sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol) or with both non-bacterial phospholipid classes (phosphatidylcholine) and non-bacterial phospholipid molecular species (some molecular species of phosphatidylglycerol). The analysis of intact phospholipids showed also the predominance of gram-negative bacteria in sediments whereas the analysis of fatty acids alone cannot confirm such information. Lastly, as regard to the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on the sedimentary bacterial communities, we observed a higher degree of saturation of the fatty acyl chains of the phospholipids extracted from sediment exposed to a massive and chronic crude oil contamination. Such a result was interpreted as an adaptive response resulting in higher membrane rigidity of the bacterial communities.  相似文献   

Numerical simulation of migration–accumulation of oil resources     

Yirang Yuan  Yuji Han 《Computational Geosciences》2008,12(2):153-162

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value to the evaluation of oil resources and to the determination of the location and amount of oil deposits. This thesis discusses the characteristics of petroleum geology and permeation fluid mechanics. For the three-dimensional problems of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, it puts forward a new model and a kind of modified method of upwind finite difference fractional steps implicit interactive scheme. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration–accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus, the well-known problem has been solved.  相似文献   

The American whale oil industry: A look back to the future of the American petroleum industry?     

James L. Coleman Jr. 《Natural Resources Research》1995,4(3):273-288

The American whaling industry rose from humble beginnings off Long island to become an international giant. In its peak year, 1846, 735 ships and 70,000 people served the industry. As whale stocks and reserves decreased, whalers were forced to go farther and farther from their New England home ports. Voyages became longer, and risks on required return-on-investment became higher. The easy money of Atlantic and Pacific whaling was no more: the only remaining profitable ventures were to Arctic and Antarctic waters. Many ships returned empty, if at all. in 1871, most of the Arctic whaling fleet was crushed by early winter ice and lost. This calamity, in conjunction with the long-term diminishing whale stocks, the diversion of investment capital to more profitable ventures, and the discovery, development, and refinement of abundant petroleum crude oil, struck the death blow to the American whaling industry. By 1890, only 200 whaling vessels were at work, and by 1971, no American commercial whaling ship sailed the world's oceans.It is apparent that no single event caused the final, rapid decline. However, a single calamity, in an already stressed industry, that was self-insured and commercially interlinked, precipitated the end. Today's American petroleum industry, although adopting some principles of the American whaling industry, also has embraced other activities such as work process reengineering and customer alliances, which may preempt, or postpone, a similar catastrophic demise.  相似文献   

Multivariate Statistical Discrimination of Selected Carbonate Petrographic Classifications: Implications on Applicability of Classification Systems and Predictability of Petrographic Types     

M. Ramkumar  Z. BernerD. Stüben 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2002,62(2):145-159

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Anthropogenic influences on hydrocarbon contents of sediments deposited in eastern Lake Ontario since 1800   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

R. A. Bourbonniere  P. A. Meyers 《Environmental Geology》1996,28(1):22-28

 The amounts and types of extractable hydrocarbon components in sediment cores from the Rochester Basin of eastern Lake Ontario provide a record of environmental changes that have accompanied the settlement and population growth of the surrounding land areas. Sediments deposited prior to the mid-1800s contain low concentrations of hydrocarbons that are dominated by land-plant wax components. Concentrations begin to rise in the late 1800s as erosion of soil and nutrients from watershed areas accelerated. This pattern continues into modern times. Episodes of enhanced aquatic productivity are sometimes recorded in twentieth-century sediments by the dominance of algal hydrocarbons, but land-plant components typically predominate. Petroleum residues begin to appear in sediments deposited in the late 1800's but remain minor constituents of the hydrocarbon contents of modern sediments in the Rochester Basin. Received: 21 March 1995 · Accepted: 11 August 1995  相似文献   

陕西子长油田成藏地质特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘勇  孙冬胜 《西北地质科学》1996,17(2):70-74

从烃源岩、储集层、圈闭、油气运移及富集条件等方面入手，对子长油田成藏地质特征进行了研究。认为子长油田延长组油气生成及油气初次运移条件均较好，但储层、油气二次运移及富集条件相对较差。延长组主要有五种油藏类型，油气分布主要受储层物性、岩性、岩相等条件所控制。  相似文献   

中国海洋地球物理进展   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘光鼎 《地球物理学报》1997,40(Z1):46-49

在中国地球物理学会50周年之际，总结海洋地球物理工作是十分重要的文章从中国海油气普查、近海工程地质调查。大洋多金属结核调查和中国海基础调查四个方面简要地阐述它们的进展。  相似文献   

GIS技术在油气勘探中的应用及发展趋势   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

董波  周斌 《高原地震》2004,16(3):28-33

GIS是处理空间信息的强大工具,GIS应用于油气勘探中,能够有效的分析潜在资源,发现新资源或扩展现有资源。今后,网络GIS、三维甚至高维GIS是GIS在油气勘探领域应用的重要发展方向。  相似文献