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1.
The effect of size and tissue parts as well as site locations on a suite of six anti-oxidative biochemical markers, viz. the enzyme degrading neural transmitters acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the Phase II transforming enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST), the anti-oxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), the lipid metabolite malondialdehyde (MDA) and the ratio of CAT/MDA, in the bivalve mollusc, Perna viridis, was studied. Field mussels were collected from the piers of University of Science and Technology (UST), Pak Sha Wan or Hebe Haven (PS) and Sai Kung (SK) in Port Shelter, Hong Kong. Statistically, ANOVA showed that the activity of all six biochemical markers were generally tissue dependent, size independent and location dependent. Tukey multi comparison test indicated that the biochemical activities fell into two groups, with SK the highest activity group in most cases. The significance of these findings in relation to long-term coastal water biomonitoring is discussed. 相似文献
2.
Effect of oil pollution on gluthione and relative enzyme in oyster(Saccostrea cuculiata) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The oysters ( Saccostrea cuculiata ) were collected from four stations around Xiamen Island (Lundu Port, Xinglin Bay, Tong" an Bay, Huangcuo). The relation between the level of petroleum hydrocarbon in whole tissue and the contents of glutathione (GSH), the activity of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in digestive gland and gill were investigated. The results showed: (1) The contents of petroleum hydrocarbon in oyster collected from four stations (Lundu Port, Xinglin Bay, Tong'an Bay, Huangcuo) were 380.68, 112.34, 27.31, 20.37μg/g wet weight, respectively; (2) the activity of Se-GPx and GST in digestive gland was lower than that in gill, and the content of GSH seemed reversibly; (3) among the four stations, both Se-GPx and GST activity of digestive gland and gill in Saccostrea cuculiata sampled from the four stations showed a good correlation with whole tissue petroleum hydrocarbon, could be as biomarkers of sea oil pollution. 相似文献
3.
为了分析鳗草（Zostera marina）中微粒体谷胱甘肽S-转移酶在不同温度下的基因表达规律以及响应机制，本文通过在大肠杆菌中表达ZmGST，纯化重组蛋白以及热稳定性分析，以此为进一步阐述Z. marina的种群退化机制并提供理论依据。总之，鳗草中的微粒体GST的热稳定性和其对温度变化的响应决定了其对温度的耐受范围，并进而影响其恢复力。 相似文献
4.
青藏高原高寒草地植被指数变化与地表温度的相互关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了解脆弱的高原生态环境对升温过程的响应, 利用1982-2006年国家标准地面气象站地表温度和GIMMS-NDVI数据集, 探讨了青藏高原高寒草地植被指数和地表温度的变化特征及其相互关系. 结果表明:1982-2006年, 高寒草地NDVI、地表温度整体均呈现增加趋势, 年均NDVI、生长季NDVI、年最大NDVI(NDVImax)与年均地表温度、生长季地表温度的上升趋势分别为0.007 (10a)-1、0.011 (10a)-1、0.007 (10a)-1与0.60 ℃·(10a)-1、0.43 ℃·(10a)-1; NDVImax与地表温度显著相关的地区达70.49%. 但是高原地形、气候、水文环境的空间差异性导致高寒草地NDVI与地表温度的相关关系十分复杂. NDVImax与年均地表温度的相关性最为显著; 在返青期和枯萎期, NDVI与地表温度均为显著正相关. 不同的植被覆盖条件下, NDVI对地表温度的响应不同:植被覆盖差以及退化严重的地区, NDVImax与地表温度呈负相关性; 反之, NDVImax与地表温度主要表现为正相关. 相似文献
5.
通过同源引物从致病性哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)ZJ0603基因组中克隆GST的开放阅读框(ORF),构建真核表达质粒pcDNA-GST。大量抽提重组质粒后,于背鳍基部肌肉注射重组质粒免疫斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides),分析重组质粒的免疫效果。通过核酸水平检测重组质粒在鱼体肝、肌肉、头肾和脾脏组织的分布;用ELISA法检测鱼体血清的抗体水平,用Western-blot检测目的蛋白的表达情况。结果表明:该序列全长615 bp;免疫7 d后,鱼体中均有质粒分布;斜带石斑鱼血清中产生抗GST的高效抗体(1∶4 096);相应的目的蛋白也在鱼体中成功表达。攻毒后,疫苗免疫保护率达80%,表明GST可作为防治哈维氏弧菌病有效候选抗原。 相似文献
6.
The physiological and biochemical characteristics of tissue samples of the marine mussel, Donax trunculus, from an oil-polluted site (Qiryat Yam) and from a site adjacent to an industrial factory (Frutarom) producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were compared with samples from a clean reference site (Akko). All sites were located along the sandy shores of the Israeli Mediterranean Sea. The mussels from the oil-polluted site showed increased activity of the system of active transport of organic anions (SATOA) in the gills and the renocardial organ and also of the multixenobiotic resistance transporter (MXR) in the gills. In contrast, samples collected near the PVC factory showed a decrease in SATOA activity and no increase in the activity of MXR in the gills. Specimens from the reference site demonstrated a redox state of equilibrium between energy production and utilization, while in Donax from both the oil polluted and the PVC-polluted sites, the mitochondrial redox state reflected intensive consumption of energy. No significant changes were found in the activity of reduced glutathione s-transferase (GST) in the cytosolic fraction of the digestive gland of Donax collected from any of the three sites. The data demonstrate a differential increase in the anti-chemical defense systems and an intensification of energy metabolism in the mussels exposed to pollution. 相似文献
7.
从以日本野生皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannui Ino)为亲本进行群体繁殖所得人工群体的子1代中分别选择大(BI)、中(ME)、小(SM)等3个子群体各20个个体，进行RAPD分析。用11条随机引物及7个双引物组合共扩增出153条DNA片段，其中总群体多态性片段数为110条，多态性片段的比例为72．37％。根据扩增片段的共享度用TFPGA软件进行计算，结果表明：(1)SM与ME的遗传距离较近，而与BI的遗传距离相差较大；(2)子群体间遗传分化系数为7．64％，表明各个子群体间在遗传上存在一定的差异，对子群体进行选择将有一定的意义；(3)各子群体表现出了丰富的遗传变异，子群体BI、ME、SM的遗传多样性分别为0．2063、0．2358和0．2363，表明BI子群体具有相对较高的纯合度，在选择育种中有较高价值。 相似文献
8.
We developed a numerical model, RFLUX, which uses the heat tracer method for vertical groundwater flux estimation, and applied it to the Leizhou Peninsula, South China, to provide information to inform local groundwater resource utilization and management. The temperature–depth (TD) profiles of 24 boreholes, along with the observed ground surface temperature (GST) and surface air temperature (SAT) series in recent decades, were collected in this area. Underground TD data demonstrated the capacity to identify groundwater flow patterns, and local GST and SAT data demonstrated a strong correlation with each other over monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. In the RFLUX model, the average GST and SAT series were applied as an upper boundary condition, and a nonlinear initial condition was set using an analytical solution from the literature. The model results of selected TD profiles demonstrated that the annual vertical groundwater flux was about 0.15 m a?1, which tended to be overestimated if a linear initial condition was used. This model can be easily applied with minor modifications, considering its clear purpose and simplicity. 相似文献
9.
García-Alonso J Greenway GM Munshi A Gómez JC Mazik K Knight AW Hardege JD Elliott M 《Marine environmental research》2011,71(4):295-303
Due to the ecological importance of estuaries, it is necessary to understand the biological effects that potentially toxic contaminants induce in bioindicator species. A key aspect is whether effects at lower levels of biological organisation transfer through the system to higher levels. In understanding such processes, characterising multivariate relationships between contaminants, sediment toxicities and detoxification processes are important. Worms (Hediste diversicolor) and sediments were collected along the Humber Estuary, England, and inorganic and organic contaminants were quantified. Sediment toxicities and glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) activity in the ragworm were analysed. Concentrations of metals were highest near urban and industrial areas, whereas organic contaminants appeared at upstream locations. GST activity correlated with heavy metals. The genotoxicity, oestrogenicity, dioxin and dioxin-like activity were higher at upstream locations. Oestrogenicity correlated with alkylphenols and some organochlorines, whilst genotoxicity correlated with organochlorines and heavy metals. Despite this, higher level biological responses could not be predicted, indicating that homeostasis is operating. 相似文献
10.
为研究脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)药物代谢酶对恩诺沙星的响应及其在恩诺沙星代谢过程中的作用,作者以10、20和40 mg/kg恩诺沙星连续投喂脊尾白虾3 d,于投喂后的第1、2天以及停止投喂药物的第1、4、8、12、24、48、72、120小时取样,测定了脊尾白虾肝胰腺、鳃和血清中的氨基比林-N-脱甲基酶(aminopyrine-N-demethylase,APND)、7-乙氧基香豆素-O-脱乙基酶(7-ethoxycoumarinO-Deethylase,ECOD)和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(glutathione-S-transferase,GST)的活性。结果表明:不同浓度恩诺沙星对脊尾白虾肝胰腺、鳃和血清中Ⅰ相药物代谢酶APND和ECOD活性均呈现显著抑制作用(P0.05)。投喂药物后,APND和ECOD活性呈现先下降后逐渐上升趋势,3个剂量组酶活性均在最后一次给药后8 h达到最低。与对照组相比,不同浓度恩诺沙星对各组织中Ⅱ相药物代谢酶GST活性呈现显著诱导作用(P0.05),此作用呈现先上升后下降的趋势。恩诺沙星对脊尾白虾APND、ECOD及GST活性的作用均呈现剂量依赖性。本研究表明,脊尾白虾Ⅰ相和Ⅱ相代谢酶均会对药物做出反应,可作为其养殖过程中药物代谢及适用性的指示物。 相似文献