自然和自然贡献情景模型研究综述     

岳天祥  范泽孟  史文娇  赵娜 《地球信息科学学报》2020,22(4):743-750

本文回顾了自然和自然贡献情景模型发展的背景、历史和内容,概括总结了自然和自然贡献情景模型的发展进程以及联合国生物多样性与生态系统服务政府间科学—政策平台(IPBES)情景模型的概念框架,讨论了自然和自然贡献情景模型存在的问题和发展方向。为了在全球层面解决现有综合集成模型存在的问题,根据地球表层建模基本定理和生态环境曲面建模基本定理,提出了具有中国原创特点的自然与自然贡献情景模型概念框架。  相似文献   

浅析四川省金矿床资源储量概况及成矿类型     

宋元宝  杨怀超  白富政  张伟  牟昀屹  侯从强  杨志军  王丹 《四川地质学报》2020,40(1):56-59,63

四川省岩金矿主要分布于阿坝州北部-东部及甘孜州和凉山州-盆地西部地区,其次是广元市-绵阳市西北部的"金三角"地区的分布特征。通过研究和归纳,本文将矿床类型归纳为11个三级亚类,并根据该11个类型对矿床规模进行统计,得出了数量上四川省以岩浆热液型金矿为主,其次为砂矿性金矿为主,再次为海相火山岩型金矿的结论。在此基础上,对四川省的金矿勘查工作程度、开发利用情况进行了评述,希望能够起到抛砖引玉作用,为省内金矿的勘查开发利用及找矿提供一定思路。  相似文献   

多层构造油藏纵向细分计算单元对储量参数及结果的影响     

颜冠山  刘宗宾  宋洪亮  韩雪芳  王欣然 《地质与资源》2020,29(4):342-350

为满足油田中后期精细开发及后续调整挖潜的需要，亟需进行更精细的储量研究，其中最重要的一环就是纵向细分计算单元.对于多层构造油藏，纵向细分主要根据油层组内隔夹层分布特征、小层物性特征，细分到以小层或者分布特征和物性相近且纵向上连续分布的小层组合为计算单元.根据纵向细分计算单元前后储量参数选值的理论推导，结合储层的沉积展布特征，认为含油面积范围内无储层尖灭时，仅平面油层厚度差异较大的油藏平均有效厚度变小.含油面积范围内储层尖灭时，正常三角洲沉积储层的油藏各参数一般都变小；而辫状河三角洲沉积储层的油藏一般平均有效厚度变小，平均有效孔隙度和平均含油饱和度变大.这一结论可以有效指导储量评估过程中纵向细分计算单元方案划分，为同类油田的精细储量研究提供技术支撑.  相似文献   

Evaluating techniques for mapping island vegetation from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images: Pixel classification,visual interpretation and machine learning approaches     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2020

We evaluate three approaches to mapping vegetation using images collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to monitor rehabilitation activities in the Five Islands Nature Reserve, Wollongong (Australia). Between April 2017 and July 2018, four aerial surveys of Big Island were undertaken to map changes to island vegetation following helicopter herbicide sprays to eradicate weeds, including the creeper Coastal Morning Glory (Ipomoea cairica) and Kikuyu Grass (Cenchrus clandestinus). The spraying was followed by a large scale planting campaign to introduce native plants, such as tussocks of Spiny-headed Mat-rush (Lomandra longifolia). Three approaches to mapping vegetation were evaluated, including: (i) a pixel-based image classification algorithm applied to the composite spectral wavebands of the images collected, (ii) manual digitisation of vegetation directly from images based on visual interpretation, and (iii) the application of a machine learning algorithm, LeNet, based on a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) for detecting planted Lomandra tussocks. The uncertainty of each approach was assessed via comparison against an independently collected field dataset. Each of the vegetation mapping approaches had a comparable accuracy; for a selected weed management and planting area, the overall accuracies were 82 %, 91 % and 85 % respectively for the pixel based image classification, the visual interpretation / digitisation and the CNN machine learning algorithm. At the scale of the whole island, statistically significant differences in the performance of the three approaches to mapping Lomandra plants were detected via ANOVA. The manual digitisation took a longer time to perform than others. The three approaches resulted in markedly different vegetation maps characterised by different digital data formats, which offered fundamentally different types of information on vegetation character. We draw attention to the need to consider how different digital map products will be used for vegetation management (e.g. monitoring the health individual species or a broader profile of the community). Where individual plants are to be monitored over time, a feature-based approach that represents plants as vector points is appropriate. The CNN approach emerged as a promising technique in this regard as it leveraged spatial information from the UAV images within the architecture of the learning framework by enforcing a local connectivity pattern between neurons of adjacent layers to incorporate the spatial relationships between features that comprised the shape of the Lomandra tussocks detected.  相似文献   

Researching and Teaching the Anthropocene     

Kenneth R. Young 《Geographical review》2019,109(2):258-264

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赞比亚铜带省谦比希盆地含矿地层地球化学特征、物源属性及其成矿地质背景研究     

卢宜冠  孙凯  覃鹏  何胜飞  张航  龚鹏辉  许康康  任军平  郭硕  涂家润 《地质学报》2021,95(4):1082-1099

中非铜钴成矿带是全球重要的铜资源产地和最大的钴资源产地,其中赞比亚成矿带内90％铜(钴)资源蕴含于赞比亚铜带省的沉积型矿床中.本文选取铜带省中部谦比希盆地内穆旺巴希铜矿、谦比希西铜矿和谦比希东南铜钴矿为研究对象,对矿床(体)赋矿层位开展岩相学、主微量元素、稀土元素研究,分析其物源区组成和构造环境,探讨铜钴成矿地质背景.岩相学特征表明,赋铜(钴)地层岩性主要为敏多拉组砂岩、细砂岩和基特韦组页岩、粉砂岩、板岩、石英岩等.稀土元素标准化配分曲线呈现轻稀土富集、重稀土平坦和铕负异常特征.成分变异指数(ICV)与化学蚀变指数(CIA)的研究表明源区未遭受强的沉积物再循环及化学风化作用,从穆旺巴希矿床、谦比希西矿体到谦比希东南矿体,含矿地层风化作用逐渐减弱,沉积环境由温暖、湿润气候向寒冷、干燥气候转变.岩石地球化学判别图解显示含矿地层物源主要为长英质沉积岩和火成岩,构造性质长期处在以被动大陆边缘为主,主动大陆边缘和大陆岛弧次之的环境中.其中含钴的基特韦组地层的物源中可能伴有少量镁铁质成分的加入,构造背景主要为大陆岛弧环境.综合区域成矿年代学研究,中非成矿带铜钴成矿具有多期性,地层物源属性、沉积成岩期的氧化-还原环境以及区域构造事件最终导致了赞比亚成矿带铜钴成矿的差异性.  相似文献   

Financialization,totality and planetary urbanization in the Chilean Andes     

《Geoforum》2015

In a context of planetary urbanization, where vast swathes of the countryside are being enclosed on an ongoing basis in order to support a sprawling urban system, the relationship between finance and land-use change needs to be brought to the forefront. By engaging with Henri Lefebvre’s ideas of levels and totality, this paper draws analytical connections between the financialization of the transnational mining industry and the production of the financialized urban everyday in geographies of extraction. The paper does this by looking at the case of Pascua Lama, a multibillion open-cast mine to be developed in Chile by a major mining company in the context of the current global gold rush. Through this case, I show how a set of strategies pursued by financiers and corporate managers thousands of kilometers away from the extraction site, resulted in fractured spaces of urbanization shaped by socioecological plunder, dispossession and geographically uneven financial landscapes.  相似文献   

个旧高松矿区三维地质建模及储量估算   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

睢瑜  陈建国  赵江南 《地质找矿论丛》2011,26(3):277-282

文章以云南个旧东矿区高松矿田钻孔数据和勘探线地质剖面图为基础,结合中段地质平面图,以控矿条件定性分析和控矿作用定量化为导向,基于Micromine软件平台建立研究区地形、地层、断裂以及矿体的三维模型,提取地质控矿作用定量化指标,对矿区矿化分布进行不同方法的品位插值,获得已知矿体的储量计算结果.  相似文献   

南岭中段钨资源总量预测     

许以明  张怡军  雷泽恒 《华南地质与矿产》2011,(1):39-45

南岭地区成矿地质条件优越,是中国主要的钨矿产区,近年来的地质找矿又取得了新的突破.笔者从成矿地质背景分析、矿床类型划分入手,在成矿地质条件优越,钨矿资源丰富,矿床类型复杂,工作程度较高的区域,运用"三步式"资源评价方法,结合地质类比法与及综合地质法等多源地学综合预测理论,采用MRAS资源量评价系统对南岭钨资源潜力进行预...  相似文献   

苍山县土地收购储备工作实践与探索     

刘鹏  陈莉  张宁 《山东地质》2011,(9):76-78,86

在深入调查,总结多年实践工作的基础上,阐述了土地收购储备制度,实施土地收购储备制度的意义和作用。介绍了苍山县土地储备中心成立后的主要做法,分析了土地收储中在土地资金、前期开发、储备方式、部门协调等方面存在的一些问题,在此基础上,提出了解决这些问题的途径和方法。  相似文献