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Twinning elements of reality gains a growing interest in support of decision-making, learning, and simulations: a single and shared model should provide a unique integrative basis for managing assets of any replica of the real world. From a technical viewpoint, sharing and opening information requires both an exchange format and a high degree of freedom and flexibility. It should allow an important number of users to manage this information, to modify it, etc. Storing and manipulating spatial information concerning the urban built context currently focuses on ensuring consistency thanks to relational databases and predefined schemas. Following a paradigm shift from a relational database to a NoSQL database, a schema validation middleware is proposed to improve the flexibility of storage by conceding a share of its consistency. The flexibility improvements thus provide users a common basis that is able to evolve all along the lifecycle of their models and applications as required for twinning things. It allows users and their applications to take advantage of new storage features such as common: versioning, partitioning, prioritization, applications profiles, etc. The middleware and their new capabilities are illustrated thanks to the CityJSON encoding and its simplified schema for a document-oriented database. 相似文献
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Virginie Renson Ariane Jacobs Jan Coenaerts Nadine Mattielli Karin Nys Philippe Claeys 《Geoarchaeology》2013,28(6):517-530
This paper presents the lead isotopic composition of potential clay sources for pottery production, collected in the four major geological zones of Cyprus (Troodos Ophiolite, Circum Troodos Sedimentary Succession, Mamonia Terrane, Kyrenia Terrane) and evaluates its usefulness in Cypriote pottery provenance studies. The clay isotopic signatures from the four zones are compared to each other and to the isotopic composition of various utilitarian pottery wares from three Late Bronze Age sites, respectively located in southern Cyprus (Alassa‐Pano Mandilaris), east Cyprus (Enkomi), and southeast Cyprus (Hala Sultan Tekke). It also explores the potential of this method to better discriminate between potential raw materials used for the production of Base‐ring ware, one of the most characteristic fine pottery of Late Bronze Age Cyprus, which was widely spread in the Eastern Mediterranean (Courtois, 1981; Vaughan, 1991, 1994). Results show that three main lead isotopic fields can be distinguished among the Cypriote clay sources and the comparison of Plain sherds with the clay sources allows discrimination between local products and imports. They also clearly indicate that all the Base‐ring sherds analyzed in this study were made of the clays from the Kathikas Formation that crops out in only limited parts of southwest Cyprus. 相似文献
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Franois De Vleeschouwer Virginie Renson Philippe Claeys Karin Nys Richard Bindler 《Geoarchaeology》2011,26(3):440-450
A wavelength‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (WD‐XRF) calibration is developed for small powdered samples (300mg) with the purpose of analyzing ceramic artifacts that might be available only in limited quantity. This is compared to a conventional calibration using a larger sample mass (2g). The comparison of elemental intensities obtained in both calibrations shows that the decrease in analyzed sample mass results in a linear decrease in measured intensity for the analyzed elements. This indicates that the small‐ and large‐sample calibrations are comparable. Moreover, the elemental contents of four ceramic sherds and two potential clay sources fall well within the range of the certified reference materials that are the basis of the calibration curves. The advantage with the analytical method presented here is that it is rapid and requires only a small amount of sample that can easily be re‐used for further analyses. This method has great potential in ceramic provenance studies. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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