珠江三角洲晚第四纪沉积物的有机地球化学特征     

蓝先洪 《热带海洋学报》1991,(1)

本文根据有机地球化学资料,首次研究和探讨了珠江三角洲晚第四纪沉积物中有机质丰度和可溶有机质的组成特征。现代沉积物有机质丰度,有机碳为0.58％,氯仿沥青“A”为210ppm,烃含量为33.8ppm;钻孔中有机碳为0.77％,氯仿沥青“A”为253ppm,烃含量为16.4ppm。从有机质组成、红外吸收光谱特征、δ~(13)C、干酪根H/C原子比,均表现为陆生植物为主,水生生物为铺,为腐殖型或腐泥—腐殖型的母质类型。  相似文献   

全球气候数据集生成及气候变化应用研究     

梁顺林  唐世浩  张杰  徐冰  程洁  程晓  宫鹏  贾坤  江波  李爱农  刘素红  邱红  肖志强  谢先红  杨军  杨俊刚  姚云军  于贵瑞  张晓通  赵祥 《遥感学报》2016,20(6):1491-1499

科技部在"十三五"期间部署的国家重点研发计划"全球变化及应对"专项资助了"全球气候数据集生成及气候变化关键过程和要素监测"研究项目。项目围绕由全球气候观测系统提出的基本气候变量,完善地空天基观测体系,生成中国首套以遥感数据为主体的涵盖大气、海洋和陆表长时间序列、高精度、高时空一致性的产品,即气候数据集,动态监测全球变化关键过程和要素。  相似文献   

青藏高原—沙漠的陆—气耦合及对干旱影响的进展及其关键科学问题     

李耀辉  孟宪红  张宏升  李忆平  王闪闪  沙莎  莫绍青 《地球科学进展》2021,36(3):265-275

作为世界第三极的青藏高原,是对全球天气气候影响最为显著的自然地貌之一.其巨大陆表深入对流层中部,热力效应直接作用于大气,不但形成了亚洲气候格局,甚至会导致北半球乃至全球气候变异.在青藏高原北部分布着北半球中纬度面积最大的沙漠群,与包括青藏高原在内的其他下垫面相比,沙漠具有地表反照率大、土壤热容量小、含水量低等特点,是地球系统中重要的感热源,同样对全球和区域能量平衡及气候变化和变异具有重要作用.青藏高原及其北部广阔沙漠区域——两种重要的陆地系统组成了全球独有的共生地理单元,它们之间的陆—气耦合必定通过某种过程相互关联.干旱是全球常见且危害极为严重的自然灾害,中国是全球干旱发生最为频繁的国家之一,特别是在中国北方,在气候变化大背景下,干旱也呈多发、加重的趋势.干旱成因复杂,始终是国内外相关领域研究的难点和热点.那么,从高原—沙漠共生地理单元的陆—气耦合过程出发,通过何种机制作用于我国北方干旱的形成和演变?这是一个值得探究的前沿论题.梳理了近年来青藏高原大气科学研究和包括沙漠地区的干旱半干旱陆面过程研究的最新进展,从中凝练出青藏高原和北部沙漠之间的陆—气耦合过程对我国干旱影响研究的关键科学问题,以期对开展相关探索的科技工作者有所帮助.  相似文献   

An iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm in saturated soil dynamics     

Xikui Li  Xue Zhang  Xianhong Han  D. C. Sheng 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2010,34(7):733-753

This paper presents an iterative, incremental pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems with mixed formulations of the displacement–pressure ( u –p) model in saturated soil dynamics that allows the use of finite elements with equal low order of interpolation approximation of u and p. In comparison with the original fractional step algorithm, the distinct features of the proposed algorithm lie in its enhanced stability owing to the introduction of both an iteration procedure and a finite increment calculus (FIC) process into the algorithm. The introduction of the iterative procedure makes the velocity term satisfy the momentum conservation equation in an implicit sense and allows much larger time step sizes to be used than those limited in existing explicit and semi‐implicit versions of the algorithm. The introduction of the FIC process removes the dependence of the stability of the proposed algorithm on the time step size, as a result it allows to using the incremental version of the algorithm and evades the minimum time step size requirement presented in the existing versions of the fractional step algorithm that restricts the application of the algorithm to saturated soil dynamics problems with high frequencies. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and improved performance of the proposed iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Offshore Aggregates Resources on the Northern Continental Shelf of the East China Sea          下载免费PDF全文

Ya‐Chao Qin  Jinyu Yang  Xianhong Lan  Zhixun Zhang 《Resource Geology》2015,65(1):39-46

A large‐scale survey for offshore aggregates is carried out on the northern shelf of the East China Sea. Results show that most of them are directly exposed in the Yangtze Shoal and the linear sand ridges system at water depths 25–55 m and 60–120 m, respectively. The components of these deposits belong to fine aggregates in terms of the fineness modulus. The potential resources are as high as 147.8 × 10¹² kg for the Yangtze Shoal yet only 36.68 × 10¹² kg for the sand ridges area, respectively. A preliminary feasibility analysis suggests that the Yangtze Shoal is suitable for dredging under the present conditions of technology and economy.  相似文献   

“12121”气象声讯电话的信箱设置与服务对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒋显红  张敏英  魏良秀 《山东气象》2009,29(2):66-67

针对资阳市“12121”气象声讯电话拨打率较低的现象,通过分析“12121”气象信息的信箱结构设置、服务内容等多方面的原因,提出了具有针对性的建议措施,同时还提出了“12121”品牌专业化、人性化的经营策略。  相似文献   

岩石材料应变软化模型及有限元分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

阎金安  张宪宏 《岩土力学》1990,11(1):19-27

本文应用弹塑性理论,根据岩石的应力应变关系、峰值强度、残余强度和岩石材料的脆性特性,建立了理想的应变软化模型,并提出了相应的加载准则。文中提出的模型计算方便,所用参数简单,物理意义明确,便于编制有限元程序。  相似文献   

鲁北一次前倾槽引发的局地暴雨成因浅析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

王凤娇  吴书君  蒋显红  冯桂力  陈文选 《气象》2002,28(7):46-50

通过对常规气象资料、卫星云图和多普勒雷达资料的分析，指出当高空槽超前于地面冷锋，在高空槽附近不稳定能量积累的背景下，生成的后移动的中尺度系统，是造成鲁北2000年7月22日暴雨的原因。  相似文献   

Heterosis and heritability estimates for the survival of the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) under the commercial scale ponds     

LU Xi  LUAN Sheng  CAO Baoxiang  SUI Juan  DAI Ping  MENG Xianhong  LUO Kun  KONG Jie 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(2):62-68

The aim of the present study is to detect the potential of the base population from diallel crosses of eight introduced strains of the Pacific white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei) for improving the yield. Heterosis and heritability were estimated for pond survival at commercial farm conditions for the base population that included 207 full-sib families from a nested mating design by artificial insemination. Among all the hybrids,the heterosis ranged from –11.37%(UA1×UA2) to 20.53%(UA3×SIN) with an average of 0.953%. The results showed that more than half of the hybrids(51.85%) have negative heterosis for survival rate, but most of the hybrids with positive heterosis have high estimates. The high proportion of negative heterosis for survival rate reminders us that the survival trait also should be considered in the crossbreeding program to avoid yield decrease. However, high positive heterosis manifested in most of the hybrids for survival indicates the usefulness of these hybrids for improving the survival to obtain higher yield by crossbreeding in this breeding program. The heritability estimate for pond survival was 0.092±0.043 when genetic groups were included in the pedigree, and it was significantly different from zero(P0.05). The results from this study also indicated that significant improvement for survival is possible through selection in L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Planning Method of Non-Development Zone in Southern Jiangyin     

QIN Xianhong  GONG Zhidong  SUN Haohao 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2017,8(6):635-640

Jiangyin was the earliest to conduct Non-development zone planning and has attracted the attention of people all over China because it is regarded as the Chinese version of Smart Growth. The planning process is as follows. Based on SPOT and TM satellite remote sensing images develop a regional land use map with high precision using artificial interpretation methods. Then, according to the relationship between anti-development suitability and disasters, agriculture, ecology, built-up area distribution and other geographical factors, generate a comprehensive evaluation chart of anti-development suitability using GIS analysis, such as buffer analysis and overlay analysis. Later, with a regional land use map and anti-development suitability evaluation chart, using the principle of ecological security network and learning from the management experience of nature reserves, draw the scope of Non-development zone and core area. Last, put forward a series of protective measures for the above Non-development zone, that is only allowed to develop agriculture and tourism, strictly restricted industrial projects and urban real estate activities, and all existing industrial factories must be moved to planned industrial parks. This is good practice whereby local governments keep land resources for future generations and more advanced than an urban expansion strategy. This method is very useful for promoting land use layout optimization in Southern Jiangsu Developed Areas.  相似文献