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新疆莫索湾沙区的草场植被及其评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国北部和西北部共有八片沙漠,生境大都十分严酷,但它们都不同程度地生长着一些植物,形成疏密不一的天然植物覆盖,部份已被用为家畜的放牧地。其中,新疆境内分布有两大块。北部准噶尔盆地中的古尔班通古特沙漠,降水稍多,以固定和半固定的沙丘、沙地为主,植被发育较好,可作为家畜天然放牧场。莫索湾沙区的草场植被,尽管在植物区系组成和群落类型上与古尔班通古特沙漠的其它 相似文献
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This paper reports a geomorphologic landscape investigation, vegetation survey and soil sampling at 14 sites across the Gurbantunggut Desert between 87°37′09"-88°24′04"E and 44°14′04"-45°41′52′Nl. The study encountered 8 species of low trees and shrubs, 5 of perennial herbs, 8of annual plants and 48 of ephemeral and ephemeroid plants. These species of plants represent one-third of the species found in the Gurbantunggut Desert, and their communities make up a large proportion of desert vegetation with great landscape significance. In the investigation we found that the plant communities are accordingly succeeded with the spatial variation of macro-ecoenvironment.Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Correlation Analysis (CA) we found that the micro-ecoenvironment heterogeneity of aeolian sandy soil′s physical and chemical properties such as soil nutrient, soil moisture, soil salt, pH etc. only impacted the diversity of herb synusia (PIEherb) of the desert, with a negative correlation. Meanwhile, the impact of microhabitat on the plant community pattern with an antagonistic interaction made vegetation′s eco-distribution in a temporary equilibrium. 相似文献
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在干旱地区的沙质环境中,生物种贫乏,生态系统结构简单而脆弱。在外因作用下极易受破坏瓦解。因此在对沙漠资源的开发利用中,必须充分考虑到沙质荒漠生态系统本身所能承受的压力。否则一经破坏,很 相似文献
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准噶尔中南部沙尘暴源区地表沉积物粒度特征 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
对准噶尔中南部沙尘暴源区——艾比湖地区、克拉玛依农业开发区和古尔班通古特沙漠地表沉积物粒度组成、传统粒度参数及分维值进行了分析计算,结果表明:艾比湖流域及克拉玛依开发区广泛分布的沙质、粘土质、盐土荒漠区,特别是春季翻耕的大面积裸露农田地表物质含有大量小于0.063mm的粉砂和粘土,且粒度分维值较高,是沙尘暴的丰富物源。古尔班通古特沙漠风成沙粒径较粗,分维值较低,加之较好的植被状况,沙尘暴发生频数相对较低。粒度参数C-M图、Mz-S0散点图和粒度分维值可以有效地表征地表松散物质的搬运-沉积特征,是描述沙尘暴发生地表条件的重要指标。 相似文献
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《新疆植被及其利用》专著中未曾记载的植物群落类型Ⅰ.荒漠植物群落类型 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
<新疆植被及其利用>(1978)一书,至少对下述荒漠植物群落类型未曾记载.它们分别是由蒿叶猪毛菜(Salsola abrotanoides)、准噶尔猪毛菜(S.dschungarica)、木碱蓬(Suaeda dendroides)、小叶碱蓬(S.microphylla)、里海盐爪爪(Kalidium caspicum)、刺山柑(Capparis spinosa)、新疆沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus nanus)、准噶尔无叶豆(Eremosparton songoricum)、东疆沙拐枣(Calligonum klementzii)、红皮沙拐枣(C.rubicundum)、蛇麻黄(Ephedra distachya)为建群种所形成的群落类型. 相似文献
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古尔班通古特沙漠植被与环境关系分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Gurbantunggut Desert is the largest stable and semi-stable sand desert in China, yet few data exist on vegetation pattern and species-environment relationships for these diverse desert landscapes. The sand dunes of the survey area are mainly of the longi- tudinal form from north to south, but checkerboard-shaped and honeycomb-shaped forms are also present, with the height of 10-50 m. We measured vegetation and soil data on north-south transects and compared them with vegetation and soil data on east-west transects. Analysis revealed that the varying trend and strength of the species diversity, dominance and cover of the plant communities in the longitudinal and transverse directions across the landscape are significantly different. The results of CCA ordination show that the microhabitats of soil organic matter （OM）, soil salts （TS）, sorting index （ σ ）, topsoil water-content （SM） and pH relate to the differences in vegetation observed as differences in species assemblage from salt-intolerant ephemerals, micro-subshrubs and subshrubs to salt-tolerant shrubs and micro-arbors. The terrain （alt.） and soil texture （the contents of Mz and Ф 1） affect the spatial differentiation of many species. However, this spatial differentiation is not so marked on transects running longitudinally with the landscape, in the same direction as the dunes. The species of the desert vegetation have formed three assemblages under the action of habitat gradients, relating to three sections running transversely across the landscape, at right angles to the direction of the dune crests. In the mid-east section of the study area the topography is higher, with sand-lands or dune-slopes with coarse particles. Here the dominant vegetation comprises shrubs and subshrubs of Seriphidium santofium and Ephedra distachya, with large numbers of ephemeral and ephemeroid plants of Senecio subdentatus, and Carex physodes in spring and summer. On the soil of the dune-slopes in the mid-west of the study area, with coarse partic 相似文献
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新疆主要柽柳属植物(Tamarix L.)的生态类型划分与生境相似性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了新疆柽柳属植物的生态类型和生境相似性。根据水、盐两个环境因子,将新疆柽柳属植物的生境划分为高水位-低盐组、中高水位-中低盐组、高水位-中盐组、高水位-高盐组、低水位-低盐组和低水位-中盐组六个生境类型组。其下,按照土壤类型又划分成次一级共十个生境类型。此外,分析了新疆十种柽柳属植物生境相似性,使用聚类分析从土壤类型学角度又将新疆柽柳属植物初步确定出河谷河滩沙砾质新积土型、盐化草甸土型、风沙土型、典型盐土型和泛生境型五个基质生态类群。 相似文献