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1.
将混入污染物和杂质的地热尾水直接排向地表水体,会造成水、土环境污染,也会造成水资源的浪费。为高效减少地热尾水中污染物,实现供暖地热尾水的无害化排放,以林甸县花园镇供暖地热尾水为例,通过混凝沉淀、超滤、纳滤工艺开展供暖尾水处理的室内实验和中试试验研究,连续监测获取地热尾水各处理工艺运行参数,组合工艺稳定运行期间监测到溶解性总固体浓度由5 824.7 mg/L降为432.40 mg/L、氯化物浓度由3 010.13 mg/L降为194.16 mg/L、氟化物浓度由1.57 mg/L降为0.31 mg/L、硼浓度由4.04 mg/L降为1.62 mg/L。确定该区地热尾水处理的最佳组合工艺为采用超滤运行压力为0.1 MPa,纳滤膜为陶氏NF90,操作压力为0.60 MPa,进水量为0.8 m3/h。室内实验溶解性总固体去除率90.21%～92.49%,氯化物去除率91.63%～93.02%,氟化物去除率96.81%,硼去除率55.20%～55.69%。中试试验溶解性总固体去除率为92.62%;氯化物浓度200 mg/L,氯化物去除率为92.57%;硼浓度1.77 mg/L,硼去除率为55.7%,以上实验结果均达到相关规范标准。试验证明本工艺处理松嫩盆地北部林甸地热田供暖尾水是可行的,解决了供暖尾水处理中资源浪费和尾水回收利用的技术性问题,为地热资源可持续利用提供了新的途径。 相似文献
2.
Global climate change has evolved from a scientific problem into an economic and political problem oI worlOwloe rater- est. National perspectives play a crucial role in addressing climate change. Mutual understanding of perspectives is nec- essary to result in rational policies and a consensus among stakeholders with divergent interests. Conceptual frameworks for understanding the problem of climate change in China, the largest developing country and the largest greenhouse gas emitter, are of great significance to national and international efforts to address the problems of climate change. Chinese perceptions of climate change as a sustainable development problem have recently been in tension with an emerging Western perspective that frames climate change as a security issue. This paper explores Chinese perceptions of climate change as expressed in recent governmental policy statements, public opinion surveys, and academic scholarship with a focus on publications in Chinese-language journals, often unfamiliar in the West. It looks at the relationship between Chinese research and policy and finds that the Chinese policy frame of climate change as a sustainable development problem draws from the body of domestic research and is reflective of the perspectives and multidisciplinary approach of Chinese researchers in areas of climate change. 相似文献
3.
山西断陷带位于鄂尔多斯与华北地块交汇处,是我国著名的历史强震活动带之一,尤其是断陷盆地中部区域,6级以上地震频发.本研究旨在揭示忻定盆地中南部、太原盆地及临汾盆地中北部交汇处的深部结构特征,分析盆地的形成和演化,探讨该区域孕震环境.利用山西地震台网观测数据以及固定地震台站融合流动台站得到的地震数据,共7455个地震事件,采用双差层析成像方法,反演得到了太原盆地及周边地区的三维P波速度结构及精定位结果.层析成像结果显示,忻定盆地、太原盆地的中上地壳为明显的低速异常,被高速的石岭关隆起隔开,深部结构特征相对简单.太原盆地、临汾盆地及灵石隆起之间的深部结构特征较为复杂,反映了两个盆地演化过程的复杂性.穿过忻定盆地的速度剖面显示,在中地壳存在明显的低速异常体,且大部分地震都发生在该低速体上方;穿过太原盆地北部的剖面显示,该区域在20~25 km深度范围内有较密集的地震分布,并勾画出交城断裂呈犁形的断层特征;穿过太原盆地中部的剖面显示,太原盆地自西向东沉积层逐渐减薄;穿过临汾盆地的剖面揭示,汾东断裂在浅部倾角较陡,随深度增加倾角逐渐变小,倾向向东. 相似文献
4.
精确获取震相到时是地震定位和地震走时成像等研究的重要基础.近年来,随着地震台站的不断加密,地震台网监测到的地震数量成倍增长,发展快速、准确、适用性强的震相到时自动拾取算法是地震行业的迫切需求.本文在前人工作基础上,发展了Pg、Sg震相自动识别与到时拾取的U网络算法（Unet_cea）,使用汶川余震和首都圈地震台网记录的89344个不同震级、不同信噪比的样本进行训练和测试.研究表明,U网络能够较好地识别Pg、Sg震相类型和拾取到时,Pg、Sg震相的正确识别率分别为81%和79.1%,与人工标注到时的均方根误差分别为0.41 s和0.54 s.U网络在命中率、均方根误差等性能指标上均明显优于STA/LTA和峰度分析自动拾取方法.研究获得的最优模型可以为区域地震台网的自动处理提供辅助. 相似文献
5.
天山地区地质构造复杂,地震活动频繁,其壳幔变形和深部结构一直受到学者们的高度关注.然而,由于天山地区地震台站资料较少,致使壳幔变形研究结果与解释存在诸多争议.本研究利用在天山地区（40°N-46°N,78°E-92°E）新布设的11个流动宽频带地震台站和该地区39个固定台站的观测资料,采用接收函数与面波联合反演方法,获得了研究区地壳厚度及壳幔S波速度结构.反演结果显示天山地区（41.5°N-44°N,78°E-88°E）平均地壳厚度为56 km,塔里木盆地（40°N-41.5°N,79°E-90°E）、准噶尔盆地（44°N-46°N,82°E-90°E）和吐鲁番盆地（42°N-43°N,88°E-90°E）具有较厚的沉积层,地壳平均厚度为43 km、53 km和46 km,整体表现为天山厚、盆地相对较薄的特征;在研究区南天山的最高峰（42°N,80.5°E）及北天山的最高峰（43.5°N,86°E）附近,中下地壳存在较厚的低速层,我们认为在强烈挤压作用下低速、低强度的中下地壳强烈变形可能是导致该区域快速隆升的主要原因.在研究区中部,位于塔里木盆地与准噶尔盆地之间的天山地区,中下地壳及上地幔均存在低速层,且盆地莫霍面向天山倾斜明显.结合前人的研究成果推测,在南北向构造挤压应力作用下,塔里木盆地与准噶尔盆地发生了向天山造山带方向的双向壳幔层间插入俯冲.在研究区东部,塔里木盆地东北缘与天山东部接触带的地壳内没有明显的低速层,推测应处在早期挤压变形状态,该区域的壳幔边界为缓变的速度梯度带,可能与上地幔热物质侵入或渗透有关. 相似文献
6.
Cement content of carbonate in tight sandstone near section is much higher than that of the normal sandstones far away from the fault of well Xia503,in the Huimin sag in Linnan sub-depression.In order to understand the origin and its impact on fault sealing,analyses of the whole-rock minerals,casting thin sections,cathodoluminescence,isotope and physical properties are conducted on cores from well Xia503.It is found that 13C varies from 0.1‰to 0.6‰with the average value of 0.42‰,18O varies from 13.5‰to 12.3‰with the average of 13.1‰,and C–O isotope plotting points are distributed in the low to moderate temperature area of the hydrothermal dolomite.According to the occupied relationship,cathodoluminescence,and C–O isotope feature,the carbonate cementation could be divided into four stages:calcites,dolomite,ankerite,and ferrocalcite.It is discovered that the carbonate cementation is negatively related to reservoir physical property,with the porosity of 4.8%,permeability of 0.37 mD,and displacement pressure of 1.97 MPa in the tight sandstone,which have increased by almost one order of magnitude compared to the porosity of 14.3%,permeability of 3.73 mD,and displacement pressure of 0.27 MPa in the normal sandstone,which is far away from the fault.Regardless of the lithology of the counterpart wall of the fault,only the displacement pressure difference caused by carbonate cementation between the tight sandstone and the normal sandstone could seal 41 m high oil column. 相似文献
7.
西藏扎西康锌多金属矿床地质特征及银的赋存状态研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
扎西康锌多金属矿床位于西藏特提斯喜马拉雅板片的"金锑多金属"成矿带东段。研究显示,矿体主要呈脉状、透镜状产于近南北向的张性断裂中。热液成矿作用主要可划分为早、晚2个成矿阶段,7个成矿亚阶段,早期以铅锌矿化为主,晚期以锑(铅)矿化为主。岩矿石镜下鉴定和电子探针分析表明,扎西康矿床矿石种类繁多,矿物组合和成矿元素均呈现明显的分带现象,由深至浅(W→E)为含锡(铁)闪锌矿+铁锰碳酸盐+少量方铅矿+少量黄铜矿(深部)→(铁)闪锌矿+铁锰碳酸盐+少量方铅矿+黄铁矿+毒砂+少量银黝铜矿+少量石英(中深部)→方铅矿+闪锌矿+脆硫锑铅矿+铁锰碳酸盐+硫锑铅矿+少量银黝铜矿+石英(中部)→辉锑矿+方铅矿+少量闪锌矿+石英+少量铁锰碳酸盐(浅部),对应的元素分带为Zn(Pb+Ag+Cu+Sn)→Zn(Pb+Ag)→Zn+Pb(Sb+Ag)→Pb+Sb+Ag+Zn。矿区银矿化主要集中在Ⅴ号矿体ZK2703-ZK2302、ZK1502-ZK1105和ZK806三个区域,与铅锑矿化关系密切。矿石中银主要以类质同象的形式存在,独立银矿物相对较少。其中,类质同象银主要赋存在方铅矿中,少量赋存在硫锑铅矿、脆硫锑铅矿、毒砂、黄铁矿等金属硫化物中;独立银矿物有少量的银黝铜矿、硫锑铅银矿、银(含银)硫铜锑矿。成矿流体中铅、锌、锑、银的运移和富集沉淀是受体系中温度、压力、浓度、pH值等多种因素综合控制的结果。 相似文献
8.
河流扇是陆相盆地中近年来日益受到重视的一种新沉积模式,其主要形成于干旱气候环境中。该文阐述了河流扇的概念演变与发展由来、沉积特征、鉴别标志与控砂机理等,讨论了河流扇与分支河流体系、末端扇及浅水三角洲等相关概念之间的区别与联系,认为河流扇形成主要受“分支型”河道控制,而末端扇及浅水三角洲主要受“分流型”河道控制。在对鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世古气候环境深入分析的基础上,运用河流扇概念对延长组“满盆砂”形成机制进行了重新解释。主要结论是:1）延长组沉积时期,古气候具有三分性——早期为干旱环境,中期为湿润环境,晚期再次转变为半干旱—半湿润环境;2）在干旱气候环境下,缺少大面积汇水区,以洪水搬运—事件沉积作用为主,形成了别具特色的河流扇体系,这可能是造成延长组“满盆砂”的主要原因之一;3）干旱环境河流扇砂体与潮湿环境水进域富含有机质泥岩相匹配,有利于形成大型岩性油气藏,从而使延长组由“满盆含砂”变为“满盆含油”。该研究改变了以往大型坳陷湖盆以“三角洲模式”为主导的传统认识,对丰富发展我国陆相盆地沉积理论认识及指导油气勘探实践均有积极意义。 相似文献
9.
给出了楼宇安全防范系统的框架,较为详细地论述了安全防范报警设备的分类和常用的各种报警器和安全防范设施的作用原理和适用场合,提出了安全防范工程设计中应注意的一些问题. 相似文献
10.
Through combining the soil respiration with the main environmental factors under the planting shelterbelt (Populus woodland) and the natural desert vegetation (Tamarix ramosissima Phragmites communis community and Haloxylon ammodendron community) in the western Junngar Basin, the difference in soil respiration under different land use/land cover types and the responses of soil respiration to temperature and soil moisture were analyzed. Results showed that the rate of soil respiration increased with temperature. During the daytime, the maximum soil respiration rate occurred at 18:00 for the Populus woodland, 12:00 for T. ramosissima Ph. communis community, and 14:00 for H. ammodendron community, while the minimum rate all occurred at 8:00. The soil respiration, with the maximum rate in June and July and then declining from August, exhibited a similar trend to the near-surface temperature from May to October. During the growing season, the mean soil respiration rates and seasonal variation differed among the land use/land cover types, and followed the order of Populus woodland >T. ramosissima Ph. communis community > H. ammodendron community. The difference in the soil respiration rate among different land use/land cover types was significant. The soil respiration of Pouplus woodland was significantly correlated with the near-surface temperature and soil temperature at 10 cm depth (P < 0.01) in an exponential manner. The soil respiration of T. ramosissima Ph. communis and H. ammodendron communities were all linearly correlated with the near-surface temperature and soil surface temperature (P < 0.01). Based on the near-surface tempera-ture, the calculated Q10 of Populus woodland, T. ramosissima Ph. communis community and H. ammodendron community were 1.48, 1.59 and 1.63, respectively. The integrated soil respiration of the three land use/land cover types showed a significant correlation with the soil moisture at 0―5 cm, 5― 15 cm and 0―15 cm depths (P < 0.01). The quadratic model could best describe the relationship between soil respiration and soil moisture at 0―5 cm depth (P < 0.01). 相似文献