The corpuscular heating effect observed by explorer 6 near sunspot maximum     

Kenneth Moe 《Planetary and Space Science》1967,15(12):1821-1827

Atmospheric densities derived from the spin decay of Explorer 6 are used to study the corpuscular heating effect at low and middle latitudes near the time of sunspot maximum. The dependence of atmospheric temperature on a_p is found to be quite similar to the recently revised curve of Jacchia et al., which applies to later times in the sunspot cycle, but also at low and middle latitudes. Both curves are very different from those found by polar satellites in orbits of low eccentricity. Averaging a_p over half a day instead of delaying it by a quarter day improves the fit of the models to the data.  相似文献   

Correction to: Extreme waves induced by cyclone Nargis at Myanmar coast: numerical modeling versus satellite observations     

Kyaw  Thit Oo  Esteban  Miguel  Mäll  Martin  Shibayama  Tomoya 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(3):1819-1819

Natural Hazards - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04687-9  相似文献   

Assessing Illinois’s flood vulnerability using Hazus-MH     

Jonathan W. F. Remo  Nicholas Pinter  Moe Mahgoub 《Natural Hazards》2016,81(1):265-287

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Extreme waves induced by cyclone Nargis at Myanmar coast: numerical modeling versus satellite observations     

Kyaw  Thit Oo  Esteban  Miguel  Mäll  Martin  Shibayama  Tomoya 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(3):1797-1818

Natural Hazards - The deltaic coast of Myanmar was severely hit by tropical cyclone Nargis in May 2008. In the present study, a top-down numerical simulation approach using the Weather Research and...  相似文献   

Flood-prone area mapping using machine learning techniques: a case study of Quang Binh province,Vietnam     

Luu  Chinh  Bui  Quynh Duy  Costache  Romulus  Nguyen  Luan Thanh  Nguyen  Thu Thuy  Van Phong  Tran  Van Le  Hiep  Pham  Binh Thai 《Natural Hazards》2021,108(3):3229-3251

Natural Hazards - Vietnam’s central coastal region is the most vulnerable and always at flood risk, severely affecting people’s livelihoods and socio-economic development. In...  相似文献   

含水层水力参数的尺度效应研究现状     

邹立芝  潘俊  杨昌兵  张海燕 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1994,(1)

主要论述了国内外目前对弥散率尺度效应以及渗透系数等夺数的空间变异性研究的现状和今后的研究趋势。文中提出了含水层水力参数的尺度效应问题，并指出庄重视地下水驱动力场变化对参数的影响研究。  相似文献   

An Improved Three-Dimensional Simulation of the Diurnally Varying Street-Canyon Flow   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

Neda Yaghoobian  Jan Kleissl  Kyaw Tha Paw U 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2014,153(2):251-276

The impact of diurnal variations of the heat fluxes from building and ground surfaces on the fluid flow and air temperature distribution in street canyons is numerically investigated using the PArallelized Large-eddy Simulation Model (PALM). Simulations are performed for a 3 by 5 array of buildings with canyon aspect ratio of one for two clear summer days that differ in atmospheric instability. A detailed building energy model with a three-dimensional raster-type geometry—Temperature of Urban Facets Indoor-Outdoor Building Energy Simulator (TUF-IOBES)—provides urban surface heat fluxes as thermal boundary conditions for PALM. In vertical cross-sections at the centre of the spanwise canyon the mechanical forcing and the horizontal streamwise thermal forcing at roof level outweigh the thermal forces from the heated surfaces inside the canyon in defining the general flow pattern throughout the day. This results in a dominant canyon vortex with a persistent speed, centered at a constant height. Compared to neutral simulations, non-uniform heating of the urban canyon surfaces significantly modifies the pressure field and turbulence statistics in street canyons. Strong horizontal pressure gradients were detected in streamwise and spanwise canyons throughout the day, and which motivate larger turbulent velocity fluctuations in the horizontal directions rather than in the vertical direction. Canyon-averaged turbulent kinetic energy in all non-neutral simulations exhibits a diurnal cycle following the insolation on the ground in both spanwise and streamwise canyons, and it is larger when the canopy bottom surface is paved with darker materials and the ground surface temperature is higher as a result. Compared to uniformly distributed thermal forcing on urban surfaces, the present analysis shows that realistic non-uniform thermal forcing can result in complex local airflow patterns, as evident, for example, from the location of the vortices in horizontal planes in the spanwise canyon. This study shows the importance of three-dimensional simulations with detailed thermal boundary conditions to explore the heat and mass transport in an urban area.  相似文献   

Land tenure and REDD+: The good,the bad and the ugly     

Anne M. Larson  Maria Brockhaus  William D. Sunderlin  Amy Duchelle  Andrea Babon  Therese Dokken  Thu Thuy Pham  I.A.P. Resosudarmo  Galia Selaya  Abdon Awono  Thu-Ba Huynh 《Global Environmental Change》2013,23(3):678-689

A number of international donors, national governments and project proponents have begun to lay the groundwork for REDD+, but tenure insecurity – including the potential risks of land grabbing by outsiders and loss of local user rights to forests and forest land – is one of the main reasons that many indigenous and other local peoples have publicly opposed it. Under what conditions is REDD+ a threat to local rights, and under what conditions does it present an opportunity? This article explores these issues based on available data from a global comparative study on REDD+, led by the Center for International Forestry Research, which is studying national policies and processes in 12 countries and 23 REDD+ projects in 6 countries. The article analyses how tenure concerns are being addressed at both national and project level in emerging REDD+ programs. The findings suggest that in most cases REDD+ has clearly provided some new opportunities for securing local tenure rights, but that piecemeal interventions by project proponents at the local level are insufficient in the absence of broader, national programs for land tenure reform. The potential for substantial changes in the status quo appear unlikely, though Brazil – the only one with such a national land tenure reform program – offers useful insights. Land tenure reform – the recognition of customary rights in particular – and a serious commitment to REDD+ both challenge the deep-rooted economic and political interests of ‘business as usual’.  相似文献   

A review of models and micrometeorological methods used to estimate wetland evapotranspiration     

Judy Z. Drexler  Richard L. Snyder  Donatella Spano  Kyaw Tha Paw U 《水文研究》2004,18(11):2071-2101

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The temperature of penumbral filaments     

O. Kjeldseth Moe  P. Maltby 《Solar physics》1974,36(1):101-108

The intensity of individual penumbral filaments has recently been measured at the Pic-du-Midi Observatory as well as from observations obtained during the third flight of the Soviet Stratospheric Solar Station. We have used the results of these measurements to calculate the corresponding average penumbral intensity as function of wavelength. The calculated average intensity is compared with the average intensity observed at the Oslo Solar Observatory. The Pic-du-Midi observations are supported by this comparison. The run of temperature versus optical depth is given for bright and dark penumbral filaments.The variation of gas pressure with geometrical depth is discussed. It is suggested that the magnetic field direction has a different variation with depth in bright and dark filaments.  相似文献