Simulation of quasi-linear mesoscale convective systems in northern China: Lightning activities and storm structure   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wanli Li  Xiushu Qie  Shenming Fu  Debin Su  Yonghai Shen 《大气科学进展》2016,33(1):85-100

Two intense quasi-linear mesoscale convective systems(QLMCSs) in northern China were simulated using the WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting) model and the 3D-Var(three-dimensional variational) analysis system of the ARPS(Advanced Regional Prediction System) model.A new method in which the lightning density is calculated using both the precipitation and non-precipitation ice mass was developed to reveal the relationship between the lightning activities and QLMCS structures.Results indicate that,compared with calculating the results using two previous methods,the lightning density calculated using the new method presented in this study is in better accordance with observations.Based on the calculated lightning densities using the new method,it was found that most lightning activity was initiated on the right side and at the front of the QLMCSs,where the surface wind field converged intensely.The CAPE was much stronger ahead of the southeastward progressing QLMCS than to the back it,and their lightning events mainly occurred in regions with a large gradient of CAPE.Comparisons between lightning and non-lightning regions indicated that lightning regions featured more intense ascending motion than non-lightning regions;the vertical ranges of maximum reflectivity between lightning and non-lightning regions were very different;and the ice mixing ratio featured no significant differences between the lightning and non-lightning regions.  相似文献   

Design and test of an improved scheme for global spectral model with reduced truncation error   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Chen Jiabin  Ji Liren  Wu Wanli 《大气科学进展》1987,4(2):156-168

An improved scheme of spectral model has been investigated in this paper. Through the introduction of a reference atmosphere, prognostic variables become smoother on the tilled sigma-surface over mountains or a frontal zone, and thus truncation errors are reduced. As a result, the problems about Gibbs waves and negative value of model topography on the sea, which are encountered in the current spectral model in the world, can be solved by the improved scheme. For comparison we have performed the numerical integrations of barotropic and baroclinic Rossby-Haurwitz waves, as well as the prediction of real cases with the improved scheme and the current scheme of spectral model. These results show that the scheme presented in the paper is better than the current scheme of spectral model.  相似文献   

用CAPPI和PPI资料测定区域降水量精度比较   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

戴铁丕  詹煌  刘婉莉 《气象》1995,21(7):9-14

应用上海中心气象台７１４数字化天气雷达的体积扫描资料所得的不同高度上的ＣＡＰＰＩ资料和低仰角时ＰＰＩ资料。估算区域降水量并得到降水量分布形势。然后采用平均校准法进行了校准，最后又与用雨量计网测量的区域降水量及其分布形势作了比较，得到一些有意义的结果。  相似文献   

腾格里沙漠东南缘人工固沙植被区表层土壤有机碳矿化对凋落物添加的响应     

李云飞  谢婷  石万里  李小军 《中国沙漠》2019,39(5):200-209

土壤有机碳矿化是调控土壤碳库时空格局、土壤碳收支平衡和植物养分供应的重要过程，植物残体和凋落物分解释放CO₂直接影响着土壤有机碳矿化。研究了不同类型凋落物对腾格里沙漠东南缘建植于1956年的人工固沙植被区土壤有机碳矿化过程及其对水分和温度的响应特征。结果表明：凋落物添加显著促进了有机碳矿化，添加柠条锦鸡儿（Caragana korshinskii）、油蒿（Artemisia ordosica）、小画眉草（Eragrostis minor）凋落物后，CO₂-C最大矿化速率分别增大了6.94、5.17、3.46倍，0~5 cm层土壤是5~10 cm层土壤的1.09、1.55、1.22倍；CO₂-C累积释放量分别增加了3.73、3.38、2.34倍，0~5 cm层土壤是5~10 cm层土壤的1.17、1.30、1.57倍。凋落物对有机碳矿化的促进作用与温度和水分密切相关，25℃时，CO₂-C平均释放速率、最大释放速率、累积碳释放量分别是10℃的2.21、3.60、2.21倍，而含水量10%时，CO₂-C平均释放速率、最大释放速率和累积碳释放量分别是含水量5%时的1.25、1.20、1.25倍。相关性分析表明，凋落物碳氮含量、碳氮比、木质素比氮和土壤有机碳以及全氮是影响有机碳矿化的主要因子。凋落添加土壤后潜在可矿化碳表现为柠条锦鸡儿>油蒿>小画眉草>对照。凋落物添加显著促进了有机碳矿化过程及碳周转，植被恢复过程中草本植物凋落物的输入更有利于土壤碳固存，凋落物对土壤碳库的调控作用受土壤理化性质和水热等环境因子的共同作用影响。  相似文献   

铜精粉中铜的测量不确定度评定     

王明军  何雪梅  焦万里  梁征 《化工矿产地质》2010,32(4):241-244

测量不确定度作为当今矿石主要的评定方式,其评定是表征并赋予测量结果的分散性,为最终的测量结果附带参数,以此来客观衡量测量量的分散性。根据数值的特点分为两个度量,符合统计规律的数值,称为A类不确定度;不符合统计规律的数值称为B类不确定度。将不确定度的评定方法运用到铜精粉中铜含量的测定中,最终得出样品铜精粉中19.94%～20.34%的铜含量,同时对铜精粉中铜的测量实验及实验结果不确定度的评定进行了系统的研究,并将整个实验及结果不确定度的计算过程简述,这样不仅达到了测量的目的,还能对不确定度进一步认识,也给冶炼工业的发展提供了可参考的研究方法。  相似文献   

南海西沙海域永乐海底峡谷形成演化过程分析*     

陈靓  刘时桥  辛卓  邢子浩  张经纬  刘亮  靳佳澎  李伟  陈万利 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(5):89-104

远海孤立碳酸盐台地周缘发育了碳酸盐岩峡谷, 对其开展研究有助于深刻理解碳酸盐碎屑沉积物的“源-汇”体系及深水油气成藏等方面。文章利用多波束测深、高分辨率二维多道地震等数据, 精细刻画南海西沙海域永乐海底峡谷的地貌形态及内部充填特征, 揭示该峡谷沉积演化过程, 分析峡谷成因控制因素及稳定性。永乐海底峡谷形成演化可分为萌芽、汇聚和拓展3个阶段, 随着演化过程的发展, 峡谷规模及对沉积物输运作用增加。永乐海底峡谷形成及演化主要受古地貌隆起形成的负地形和沉积物重力流侵蚀作用影响。峡谷在第四纪以后仍有较明显的活动迹象。分析显示永乐海底峡谷是西北次海盆的重要物质输送通道, 其沉积演化过程及稳定性对研究碳酸盐台地沉积物输运等深水沉积过程及岛礁工程建设具有一定参考意义。  相似文献   

益心通络利水方对急性心肌梗死PCI术后心衰患者心肌重构的影响          下载免费PDF全文

王琳  谷万里  刘贯龙 《应用海洋学学报》2022,38(3):1

目的：观察益心通络利水方对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）PCI术后心衰患者心肌重构的影响。方法：选取STEMI PCI术后心衰患者140 例,按照随机数字表法将其分为2组,每组各70 例。对照组采用西医常规治疗方案,治疗组在对照组基础上加用益心通络利水方治疗,2组均连续治疗4周。比较治疗后2组患者中医证候疗效,测量并比较治疗前后2组患者左房内径、左室内径、左室射血分数（LVEF）,并利用三维斑点追踪成像（3D-STI）技术观察左室整体纵向应变（GLS）、径向应变（GRS）及圆周应变（GCS）。结果：总有效率治疗组为92.8%（65/70）,对照组为74.3%（52/70）,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗后治疗组左房内径、左室内径、LVEF较治疗前均有改善,且较对照组改善明显,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;2组GLS、GRS、GCS值治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：益心通络利水方能够改善STEMI PCI术后患者临床症状及心肌重构,提高心功能,3D-STI能够更早期、敏感、准确地评价介入术后心衰患者的心脏收缩功能。  相似文献   

基于SWOT分析的新形势下甘肃省地矿局发展对策研究     

郭万里  王国荣  王恒山  李瑞 《地质论评》2022,68(6):2022112002-2022112002

为适应国家发展改革的趋势,促进甘肃省地勘事业的可持续发展,探索出一套具有甘肃特色、适应当前市场经济体制的地勘业发展的“甘肃模式”。本文SWOT方法\[指分析企业在整个市场环境中的机会（Opportunities）、风险（Threats）、优势（Strengths)、劣势（Weaknesses）\]分析了甘肃省地勘事业在高质量发展道路上的现状、内外部环境和存在的优势、劣势、机遇及威胁,提出了甘肃地勘事业未来怎样顺应时代发展潮流,发挥优势、规避劣势、抓住机遇、迎接挑战的途径和策略。这对于甘肃地勘产业形成统一的有机体,产业结构相对合理、产业队伍相对稳定,产业内部协调有序运行,从而保持地勘经济持续增长具有十分重要的意义。  相似文献   

西洞庭湖不同生境下鸟类群落结构研究     

樊简  邱冬冬  王婉丽  雷霆 《湿地科学》2015,(2):258-264

为了研究人为干扰对西洞庭湖鸟类群落的影响,并提出相应保护对策,在2013年11月,采用样线法和样点法,对湖南省西洞庭湖国家级自然保护区内的鸟类群落结构进行了研究。在研究中,将该保护区的生境分为水域、天然洲滩、芦苇(Phragmites australis)丛、杨树林和居民区5种类型,前两种生境为天然生境,后3种生境存在人为干扰;记录了各生境下的鸟类种类、数量、行为等基本数据;计算了每种生境下的鸟类群落多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数、种间相遇概率;对鸟类群落组成、数量进行了统计分析,对不同生境下鸟类群落结构进行差异性和相似性分析。结果表明,共记录到鸟类11目24科39种;其中,雀形目(Passeriformes)鸟种类最多,有8科15种;鹭科(Ardeidea)鸟种类最多,为4种;在地理分布型上,古北界鸟最丰富;在居留类型上,冬季以冬候鸟和留鸟居多,受保护鸟占总种数的一半以上;芦苇丛的鸟类群落的多样性、均匀性和种间相遇概率是5个生境中最高的,但优势度较低,水域、天然洲滩的鸟类群落结构多样性、均匀性和种间相遇概率都高于居民区和杨树林,但居民区和杨树林的鸟类群落优势度比其他生境高。因此,该保护区应该加大退林还湿、退田还湖的力度,以更好地保护湿地鸟类。  相似文献   

Lithospheric thermal and compositional structure of South China jointly inverted from multiple geophysical observations     

Bin SHAN  Wanli ZHOU  Yang XIAO 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(1):148-160

The detailed lithospheric structure of South China is the basis for the understanding of tectonic processes of eastern China.Specifically,two essential issues in the study of lithospheric structure are the thermal and compositional structures,which are usually derived from either geophysical or geochemical observations.However,inversions from single geophysical or geochemical datasets have certain limitations,making it necessary to develop joint inversions of geophysical,geochemical and petrological datasets.In this paper,through thermodynamic simulation and probabilistic inversion,we inverted multiple datasets including topography,geoid height,surface heat flow and surface wave dispersion curves for the 3D lithospheric thermal and compositional structure of South China.The results reveal a thin(<100 km)and flat LAB beneath the South China Fold System Block and the lower Yangtze Craton.Also,we found that the lithospheric mantle is primarily composed of saturated peridotite,indicating that the ancient refractory lithospheric mantle has been replaced by new materials.The dominant dynamic mechanism for lithospheric thinning in eastern South China may be the flat subduction of ancient Pacific slab,while thermal erosion may have also played a significant role.In contrast,the LAB depth beneath the Sichuan Basin is much thicker(>200 km),suggesting that the thick and cold craton lithospheric roots are retained.There may exist a discontinuous interface beneath the Sichuan Basin,with the saturated lower layer thicker than the refractory upper layer.As a result,the lithospheric mantle of the Sichuan Basin and surrounding regions is mainly composed of saturated and transitional peridotite.  相似文献