Meteorological droughts can affect large areas and may have serious environmental, social and economic impacts. These impacts depend on the severity, duration, and spatial extent of the precipitation deficit and the socioeconomic vulnerability of the affected regions. This paper examines the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological droughts in the Haihe River basin. Meteorological droughts events were diagnosed using daily meteorological data from 44 stations by calculating a comprehensive drought index (CI) for the period 1961–2011. Based on the daily CI values of each station over the past 50 years, the drought processes at each station were confirmed, and the severity, duration and frequency of each meteorological drought event were computed and analyzed. The results suggest the following conclusions: (1) the use of the CI index can effectively trace the development of drought and can also identify the duration and severity of each drought event; (2) the average drought duration was 57–85 days in each region of the Haihe River basin, and the region with the highest average values of drought duration and drought severity was Bohai Bay; (3) drought occurred more than 48 times over the study period, which is more than 0.95 times per year over the 50 years studied. The average frequencies of non-drought days, severe drought days and extreme drought days over the study period were 51.2, 3.2 and 0.4 %, respectively. Severe drought events mainly occurred in the south branch of the Hai River, and extreme drought events mainly occurred in the Shandong Peninsula and Bohai Bay; (4) the annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration of the Haihe River basin show decreasing trends over the past 50 years. The frequency of severe drought and extreme drought events has increased in the past 20 years than during the period 1961–1990. The results of this study may serve as a reference point for decision regarding basin water resources management, ecological recovery and drought hazard vulnerability analysis.
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1.
以灰树花发酵菌丝体为原料，经过提取分离纯化得到1种水溶性多糖GF4F1，经高碘酸氧化、Smith降解、甲基化、红外光谱（IR）以及核磁共振波谱（NMR）等分析表明，该多糖是1种β-1, 3／1，6-葡聚糖，且小鼠体内实验结果表明其具有良好的抗肿瘤活性。在1mg／kg时，对小鼠抑制率为67.3％。 相似文献
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哈维氏弧菌的生物学特性、流行病学及检测技术 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
哈维氏弧菌是1种革兰氏阴性、发光的海洋细菌,广泛分布于海洋环境中。它是最近10多年才被认识到的水产养殖动物的重要致病菌。文中综述哈维氏弧菌的生物学特性、流行病学、致病机制、密度感应系统、检测技术、疾病的防治及其应用。 相似文献
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He Jun Yang Xiao-Hua Li Jian-Qiang Jin Ju-Liang Wei Yi-Ming Chen Xiao-Juan 《Natural Hazards》2014,75(2):199-217
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Spatiotemporal variation of meteorological droughts based on the daily comprehensive drought index in the Haihe River basin,China 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Jun He Xiao-Hua Yang Jian-Qiang Li Ju-Liang Jin Yi-Ming Wei Xiao-Juan Chen 《Natural Hazards》2015,75(2):199-217
Meteorological droughts can affect large areas and may have serious environmental, social and economic impacts. These impacts depend on the severity, duration, and spatial extent of the precipitation deficit and the socioeconomic vulnerability of the affected regions. This paper examines the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological droughts in the Haihe River basin. Meteorological droughts events were diagnosed using daily meteorological data from 44 stations by calculating a comprehensive drought index (CI) for the period 1961–2011. Based on the daily CI values of each station over the past 50 years, the drought processes at each station were confirmed, and the severity, duration and frequency of each meteorological drought event were computed and analyzed. The results suggest the following conclusions: (1) the use of the CI index can effectively trace the development of drought and can also identify the duration and severity of each drought event; (2) the average drought duration was 57–85 days in each region of the Haihe River basin, and the region with the highest average values of drought duration and drought severity was Bohai Bay; (3) drought occurred more than 48 times over the study period, which is more than 0.95 times per year over the 50 years studied. The average frequencies of non-drought days, severe drought days and extreme drought days over the study period were 51.2, 3.2 and 0.4 %, respectively. Severe drought events mainly occurred in the south branch of the Hai River, and extreme drought events mainly occurred in the Shandong Peninsula and Bohai Bay; (4) the annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration of the Haihe River basin show decreasing trends over the past 50 years. The frequency of severe drought and extreme drought events has increased in the past 20 years than during the period 1961–1990. The results of this study may serve as a reference point for decision regarding basin water resources management, ecological recovery and drought hazard vulnerability analysis. 相似文献
6.
利用资源一号卫星和神舟二号留轨舱上搭载的高能粒子探测设备对2001年2～6月同一时段内的资料进行了对比分析. 神舟二号飞船X射线探测器的观测结果反映的空间高能电子的分布, 表明在400km的较低高度上, 地理纬度40°附近以及SAA地区也可以观测到数百keV的高能电子. 资源一号卫星的探测结果显示了在800km高度附近, 同一时段内若干兆电子伏特的高能电子的全球分布. 后者出现的最低地理纬度和相应的经度位置则和前者是一致的, 说明两个高度上高能粒子的分布仍然都受地磁场控制, 粒子主要来源于地球辐射带. 资源一号卫星高能粒子探测器的能挡与神舟二号飞船X射线探测器的能挡不同, 彼此可以较好地补充. 但由于神舟二号轨道倾角较低, 全面的对比也受到一定的局限, 在进一步深入分析现有资料的同时, 可以在本文基础上设计更好的联合探测方案. 相似文献
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根系土中重金属元素分布特征及在农作物中的迁移 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以上海市金山区为对象,分析了农用地土壤重金属元素的形态分布特征,以及元素的有效态（水溶态、离子交换态）与全量、有机质、pH等的相关性;根据重金属元素在稻米、蔬菜等不同农作物中的含量,分析了其迁移及生物有效性。结果表明：不同元素的形态组成差异较大;Pb、Zn、Ni元素的有效态与环境因素（pH、有机质）关系密切;土壤中重金属元素Cd最为活跃且易发生迁移,在多种农作物中有较为明显的富集;稻米中重金属元素的富集程度相对较小。研究成果可为土壤污染治理、种植结构调整、土地合理利用提供有益借鉴。 相似文献
8.
海洋中蕴藏着丰富的微生物资源,其在海洋生态系统中起着重要的作用。综述海洋微生物微包埋培养技术的相关研究概况及应用进展。适于海洋微生物包埋的微球制备技术主要有:水油乳化法、膜乳化法、挤出法、微流体法等。在此基础上建立的培养技术可用于海洋微生物生物多样性研究;慢速生长菌株的培养和分离及微生物传感器的制备等。随着研究的深入,该技术将在海洋微生物的研究方面得到更广泛的应用。 相似文献
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迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiealla tarda)是引起多种鱼类产生爱德华氏菌病(edwardsiellosis)的病原菌。随着水产养殖业的日益发展,致病性迟缓爱德华氏菌对水产养殖业的危害也越来越严重。有关迟缓爱德华氏菌的致病机理至今还没有系统、清晰的阐释,但近些年对其致病相关因子的研究已逐渐深入。文中对迟缓爱德华氏菌的生物分型、快速检测技术等进行了简要阐述,并对该病原菌的主要致病相关因子,包括黏附因子、抵抗宿主免疫机制的酶类、各种毒素、Ⅲ型和Ⅵ型分泌系统、载铁体及磷酸盐特异转运操纵子进行了详细阐述,以期为迟缓爱德华氏菌致病机理的进一步深入研究及其防治提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
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本研究将新发现的鳗弧菌毒力相关基因mltD(膜绑定溶胞壁质转糖酶基因)克隆于表达载体pET-32a(+),在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中诱导表达,并以镍琼脂糖亲和层析柱纯化表达的融合蛋白;经SDS-PAGE分析,纯化的融合蛋白为单一条带,分子量约为70.2 kDa,与理论预测值相符.生物信息学分析表明,鳗弧菌MltD由523个氨基酸组成,与其他弧菌的MltD氨基酸序列有较高的相似性;二级结构以a螺旋和无规则卷曲为主;功能区包括N端的信号肽区域、1个糖基转移酶结构域和C端的3个溶解酶结构域;蛋白的N端具有一段脂蛋白信号肽,信号肽外的其他部分为非细胞质蛋白.鳗弧菌MltD蛋白为亲水性;不稳定系数为27.40,属于稳定性蛋白;整个蛋白分子共有24个可能的抗原决定簇,具有较强的抗原性.推断MltD蛋白为1种外周膜脂蛋白,在弧菌中相对保守,抗原性强,可应用于抗弧菌病疫苗的开发研制. 相似文献
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