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青岛榴辉岩及胶南群片麻岩的锆石U-Pb 年龄——胶南群中晋宁期岩浆事件的证据 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
研究表明，苏鲁地体是扬子与华北陆-陆碰撞造山带的一部分（东段）。其主要变质岩系——胶南群，是扬子陆块北缘俯冲陆壳的基底。在已有的文献中，人们均将胶南群划为早、中元古代地体。组成胶南群的主要岩石是长英质片麻岩，在其中间包含有少量斜长角闪岩、大理岩、超镁铁岩和榴辉岩。大量的Sm-Nd 及 40Ar/39Ar 同位素定年已证明了，胶南群在三叠纪时，经历了与华北和扬子陆块碰撞有关的高压或超高压变质作用，原岩的时代缺乏可靠的年龄测定，被认为是早、中元古代岩石。然而最近我们对青岛附近仰口的退变质榴辉岩及胶南群片麻岩的 相似文献
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Li Yucheng Zhang Ningchuan
Professor Dalian University of Technology Dalian . Lecturere Delian University of Technology Dalian 《中国海洋工程》1994,(1)
- A composite pipeline is defined as a main big pipe composed of one or several small pipes. The flow behaviour around a submarine composite pipeline is more complicated than that around a single submarine pipeline. A series model test of composite pipelines in a wave-current coexisting field was conducted by the authors. Both in-line and lift forces were measured, and the resultant forces were also analyzed. The results of lift forces and resultant forces are reported in this paper. It is found that the lift force coefficients for composite pipelines are well related to the KC number. The lift force coefficients for an irregular wave-current coexisting field are smaller than those for a regular wave-current coexisting field. The frequency of lift force is usually twice the wave frequency or higher. The authors test indicates that the resultant forces are about 10 to 20 percent larger than in-line forces (horizontal forces). The effect of water depth is analyzed. Finally, the relationship between lift f 相似文献
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The formation of many metallic and non-metallic ore deposits is a result of coupling of mineralization, related to anoxic environment and regional, or global background. Inter act~on, concordance and continual development of the mineralization and environmental background control the large to superlarge scale of ore deposits. Three kinds of ore-forming models related to anoxic environment and three important background patterns are suggested. The turning period of geological history is favorable to the formation of large to superlarge ore deposits. 相似文献
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厄尔尼诺现象对广西海洋捕捞产量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
厄尔尼诺现象是一种对世界渔业有重要影响的气候事件,它的形成,使得海洋气候、水温、海流等因子也相应发生了不同的变化。本文对1980-2009年的Nino3.4区的海表温度(SST)和广西海洋捕捞产量的增长率进行了线性回归并经F检验分析,得出了它们在α=0.05的水平上回归效果显著的结论(F>Fα=0.05),且随着厄尔尼诺强度的增强、持续时间的增长,广西海洋捕捞产量的增长率也随之增大。因此,可将Nino3.4区的海表温度作为预测广西海洋捕捞产量的一个重要指标。 相似文献
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Sinian strata (isotopic ages ranging from 1,900–850 m.y.) in Jixian County and its vicinity have been studied in more detail from the viewpoint of sedimentary geochemistry. Average chemical composition of various sedimentary rocks in the Sinian sequence (sandstone, siltstone, shale, dolomite and limestone) has been calculated. The periodicity and general trend as exhibited in the course of evolution of element association have been demonstrated by mathematical statistics based on numerous chemical analyses and semiquantitative spectroscopic data with the aid of electronic computer. In accordance with the above results the classification of elements is proposed on a more reasonable ground. Considerable attention has been paid to the periodicity and evolutionary characteristics of rocks, minerals and elements. The mode of occurrence of elements is examined in the light of trace-element concentrations and the relative coefficients between them in different components (clastic debris, clay, etc.) from a variety of rocks and carbonates. Finally, the relationship between background abundances of elements and mineralization, and the effect of submarine eruption on sedimentation and the enrichment of some elements, for example, K, Si, Mn, B, P, Pb and Zn, have also been dealt with. 相似文献
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Tin–polymetallic sulfide deposits in the eastern part of the Dachang tin field (South China) and the role of black shales in their origin 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Pašava Jan Kříbek Bohdan Dobeš Petr Vavřín Ivan Žák Karel Delian Fan Tao Zhang Boiron Marie-Christine 《Mineralium Deposita》2003,38(1):39-66
The Dafulou and Huile vein and stratabound cassiterite-sulfide deposits and sheeted ore veins at the Kangma cassiterite-sulfide deposit are located in the eastern part of the Dachang tin field. These deposits are hosted in a sedimentary sequence containing significant concentrations of organic matter in the form of Lower Devonian calcareous black shales and hornfels. These rocks together with the younger intrusion of Longxianggai granite (91DŽ Ma) actively participated in the formation of Sn-polymetallic deposits. The following three major stages have been distinguished in stratiform and vein-type orebodies at Dafulou, Huile and Kangma: stage I (cassiterite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, tourmaline, carbonate), stage II - main sulfide stage (quartz, cassiterite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, stannite, pyrite, carbonates) and stage III (native Bi, galena, electrum, sulfosalts). Stage IV (post-ore), recognized at Huile is represented by barren carbonates and zeolites. Whole rock geochemistry has revealed that at Dafulou, Bi and Cu correlate strongly with S, whereas V and Pb correlate well with Corg (organic carbon). The similar distribution patterns of selected elements in average slightly mineralized low-Ca black shales indicate a fluid composition similar for all deposits studied. Studies of graphitization of the organic matter in black shales adjacent to orebodies indicate that d(002) and FWHM (full width in half maximum)/peak height values gradually decrease in the following sequence: Dafulou deposit M Kangma deposit M Huile deposit. The pyrolysate of wall rocks at the Dafulou deposit is relatively enriched in asphaltenes and maltenes (55.6-72.0% of the pyrolysate) comparable with pyrolysate obtained from more distal black shales (19.2-28.5%). Typical GC-MS spectra of pyrolysate from distal black shales are dominated by alkanes in the n-C15 to n-C25 range, aromatic molecules being represented mostly by alkyl-naphthalenes. In contrast, only traces of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the n-C14 to n-C18 range and elemental sulfur were identified in pyrolysates from pyrrhotitized wall rocks. The earliest fluid inclusions of the studied system occur in the quartz-tourmaline-cassiterite assemblage of stage I at Dafulou. These inclusions are H2O-CO2-CH4-rich, with 10 to 20 vol% of aqueous phase. P-T conditions of the trapping of inclusions are estimated to be up to 400 °C and 1.3 to 2.0 kbar (between 5.0 and 7.5 km under lithostatic pressure). In contrast, the presence of a low density gaseous CO2-CH4 phase indicates relatively low pressures during the formation of the breccia-type quartz-calcite-cassiterite-sulfide mineralization (stage II), when P-T conditions probably reached approx. 380 to 400 °C and 0.6 kbar (up to 6 km under hydrostatic pressure). Fluid inclusion data and oxygen isotope thermometry indicate that cassiterite-sulfide ores of the main sulfide stage (stage II) formed from aqueous-carbonic fluid (CO2/CH4 =ᄺ) at temperatures of up to 390 °C at Dafulou and in a temperature range of 250 to 360 °C at Huile and 260 to 370 °C at Kangma. The '34S values of sulfides from Dafulou range mostly between -1 and -6, whereas sulfides from the Kangma and Huile deposits are characterized by more negative '34S values (between -8 and -11, and between -9 and -12, respectively). These data suggest that bacteriogenic sulfides of black shales were a dominant source of reduced sulfur for epigenetic (vein and replacement) mineralization. Oxygen isotopic compositions of five quartz-cassiterite pairs from Dafulou and Huile show a relatively narrow range of calculated oxygen isotope temperatures (250-320 °C, using the equation of Alderton 1989) and high '18Ofluid values between +8 and +10 (SMOW), which are in agreement with fluid derivation from and/or high temperature equilibration with the Longxianggai granite. The carbon and oxygen isotope composition of carbonates reflects variable carbon sources. Stage I calcite is characterized by narrow ranges of '13C (-7.0 to -9.5 PDB) and '18O (+15.0 to +17.5 SMOW). This calcite shows ubiquitous deformation, evidenced by intense development of twins. Fluid compositions calculated at 330 °C for the Dafulou and Huile deposits and at 270-300 °C for the Kangma deposit ('18Ofluid between +10.0 and +11.5 SMOW, '13Cfluid between -5.5 and -7.5 PDB), agree with fluid derivation from and/or equilibration with the peraluminous, high-'18O Longxianggai granite and suggest a significant influence of contact metasedimentary sequences (carbon derived from decomposition and/or alteration of organic matter of calcareous black shales). The '13 C values of organic matter from the Lower to Upper Devonian host rocks at the Dafulou deposit (-24.0 and -28.0) fit with a marine origin from algae. However, organic matter adjacent to the host rock-ore contact displays a slight enrichment in 13C. The organic carbon from the Huile and Kangma deposits is even more 13C enriched (-24.6 to -23.5). The most heavy '13 C values (-16.5) were detected in hornfels sampled at the contact of the Upper Devonian sediments with the Longxianggai granite. The '13C data broadly correlate with the degree of structural ordering (degree of graphitization) of organic matter, which indicates that both variables are related to thermal overprint. 相似文献
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黑色岩系成岩成矿过程中的生物地球化学作用 总被引：20，自引：3，他引：20
黑色岩系在其形成和发展中,特别是在成岩成矿过程中都离不开生物地球化学作用。通过对震旦纪一下古生代五套黑色岩系及其中四类矿床的矿物、岩石、地球化学及稳定同位素研究,从生物成矿的角度讨论了这些黑色岩系和矿床在成岩成矿过程中的生物地球化学作用,并强调生物地球化学元素循环及生物地球化学体系研究的重要性。 相似文献
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