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Muhammad Saleem Mughal Muhammad Sabir Khan Muhammad Rustam Khan Sohail Mustafa Fahad Hameed Muhammad Basharat Abrar Niaz 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(8):528
Late Proterozoic rocks of Tanol Formation in the Lesser Himalayas of Neelum Valley area are largely green schist to amphibolite facies rocks intruded by early Cambrian Jura granite gneiss and Jura granite representing Pan-African orogeny event in the area. These rocks are further intruded by pegmatites of acidic composition, aplites, and dolerite dykes. Based on field observations, texture, and petrographic character, three different categories of granite gneiss (i.e., highly porphyritic, coarse-grained two micas granite gneiss, medium-grained two micas granite gneiss, and leucocratic tourmaline-bearing muscovite granite gneiss), and granites (i.e., highly porphyritic coarse-grained two micas granite, medium-grained two micas granite, and leucocratic tourmaline-bearing coarse-grained muscovite granite) were classified. Thin section studies show that granite gneiss and granite are formed due to fractional crystallization, as revealed by zoning in plagioclase. The Al saturation index indicates that granite gneiss and granite are strongly peraluminous and S-type. Geochemical analysis shows that all granite gneisses are magnesian except one which is ferroan whereas all granites are ferroan except one which is magnesian. The CaO/Na2O ratio (>0.3) indicates that granitic melt of Jura granite gneiss and granite is pelite-psammite derived peraluminous granitic melt formed due to partial melting of Tanol Formation. The rare earth element (REE) patterns of the Jura granite and Jura granite gneiss indicate that granitic magma of Jura granite and Jura granite gneiss is formed due to partial melting of rocks that are similar in composition to that of upper continental crust. 相似文献
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3D geological modeling of Punjab platform,Middle Indus Basin Pakistan through integration of Wireline logs and seismic data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
3D Geological control in an area is a key to success for exploration of hydrocarbon. Any discrepancy in geological control leads towards dry wells and ultimately high economic loss. The aim of this study is to build a 3D subsurface geologic model of Punjab platform, Pakistan by integrating mud logs, wire line logs and seismic data for interpreting the structural trends of pre-tertiary geological formations. For this purpose, wire line and mud logs of eighteen wells and about 1500LKm 2D seismic data of Punjab platform was collected from Directorate General of Petroleum Concession (DGPC) Islamabad, Pakistan. A well correlation profile is developed using Petrel and CorelDraw software to assess the distribution of subsurface geological sequences. Synthetic seismograms were developed and then correlated with seismic stacks to pick the horizons of different formations. Time Contour, velocity contour, depth contour and isopach maps are constructed. These maps were then loaded in Structural Modeling window of Petrel software for final construction of 3D geological model. The proposed model indicates that there is a sub-surface monoclinal trend dipping towards a western side of the study area. Further, an anticline at Cambrian level near Fortabbas-Bijnot area is extending to the East in the neighbouring India. In addition, horst and graben structures are also identified at Cambrian level by seismic data. The proposed model is confirmed by results of earlier data, and it is, therefore, recommended that 3D seismic data should further be acquired to explore the structural and stratigraphic traps of Punjab platform, Pakistan. 相似文献
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Muhammad Rustam Khan Shahid Saleem Bilali Fahad Hameed Awais Rabnawaz Sohail Mustafa Naveed Azad Muhammad Basharat Abrar Niaz 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(6):131
The present geophysical study deals with the ores and crustal demonstration of southeastern Hazara and its adjoining areas of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, on the basis of terrestrial gravity and magnetic data. Tectonically, the study area lies in the Lesser Himalayas as well as to an extent in the sub-Himalaya, more specifically in the western limb of Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis. In this study, 567 gravity and 508 magnetic stations have been measured with CG-5 gravimeter and proton precession magnetometer, respectively. The collected data have been processed by applying standard corrections and then different types of maps were prepared. The ores in the area have been delineated by the qualitative interpretation of residual Bouguer anomaly and reduction to pole total magnetic intensity maps, whereas regional structures are demarcated by the Bouguer anomaly and regional Bouguer anomaly maps. The positive contour closures on the residual Bouguer anomaly map indicate the iron ore and phosphate, whereas negative contour closures are the effects of low-density material which consists of gypsum and soapstone. The pole-reduced total intensity map also shows the negative and positive contour closures almost in the same localities and confirms the residual Bouguer anomaly map. The geological model computed on the basis of Bouguer anomaly demarcated a series of faults between different rock units in the study area. The Kashmir Boundary Thrust cuts the western limb of Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis near the apex in the north of Muzaffarabad and marks the boundary between Murree Formation and carbonates of Abbottabad Formation. The gravity model also suggests that the thickness of the crust increases towards the northeast. 相似文献
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Muhammad Zia ur Rehman Muhammad Rizwan Shafaqat Ali Muhammad Irfan Sohail Amjad Hussain Muhammad Farooq Qayyum Hinnan Khalid Muhammad Zeeshan Naveeda Majid 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):685
Biochar is considered a promising amendment for the reduction of metal concentration in plants; however, the effects of biochar in terms of dose and feedstock on metal uptake by plants remain widely unclear. In the current study, three individual biochars were prepared at 450 °C from different feedstocks (wheat straw, sukh chain (Pongamia pinnata), and cotton sticks). The main aim was to evaluate their ability to remediate cadmium (Cd)-spiked soil in terms of growth response and Cd uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum) tissues. Biochars were separately applied at 0, 1, and 2% (w/w) in Cd-spiked soil and wheat was grown until maturity in pots and then morphological and physiological parameters and Cd concentrations in grains, roots, and shoots were determined. The post-harvest soil was analyzed for extractable Cd concentrations. Plants grown in Cd-spiked soil treated with biochars had higher seed germination, lengths of roots, shoots, and spikes, grains per spike and leaf relative water contents, chlorophyll contents, and dry weight of roots, shoots, and grains as compared to the untreated control. Biochar treatments significantly decreased the Cd concentrations in shoots, roots, and grains as well as total Cd uptake by grains. Soil extractable Cd concentrations were significantly decreased with biochar treatments. The application of 2.0% wheat straw biochar was the most efficient treatment in increasing grain yield and decreasing Cd in grains as well as soil extractable Cd than the other two biochars and doses applied. 相似文献
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Mian Sohail Akram Muhammad Zeeshan Asif Ali 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,91(6):729-735
This study presents a detailed geological and geotechnical analysis of Dewal landslide along Murree-Muzaffarabad road, Pakistan. The study area is situated in a tectonically active region of the earth where mass movements like rock fall, rockslides and slumps cause adverse economic loss through disruption of travelling on roads. The study has the main focus on factors responsible for its instability together with stability analysis using limit equilibrium method by use of computer program Slide (version 5.0). The input parameters of rock mass was evaluated by field investigations and laboratory testing. To analyze the net deposit and net slide mass of the landslide area, multi-date point’s data of 2008 and 2012 of the slide area was obtained and their digital elevation models were generated by using Inverse distance weighting (IDW) technique in ArcGIS 9.3. The study has concluded that the present slope instability is the function of a specific deformation pattern in the rock units (leading towards the possibility of a shear plane under the slid mass), surface and subsurface drainage and the engineering behavior of the overburden and underlying rock units. This study recommends several protection parameters for landslide and suggests that detailed investigation of Dewal landslide is required for long term stability. 相似文献
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T. B. Pradeep Kumar Akhileshwar Tiwary Sohail Fahmi 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2009,73(2):220-228
Mineralisation of uraninite and brannerite occurs in the albitised metasedimentary and intrusive igneous rocks of Kerpura-Tiwari-ka-bas
area in Sikar district, Rajasthan. Samples collected from well dumps contain 0.016 to 1.52% U3O8 with very low ThO2. The host rocks show wide variation in chemical composition due to varying degree of alkali metasomatism, associated alteration
and composition of protoliths. The spatial distribution of uranium in groundwater as well as rock samples from well dumps
indicates localisation of the uranium mineralisation along NNE-SSW and NWSE directions in Kerpura block. Petrographic and
lithogeochemical studies point towards close genetic relationship between alkali metasomatism and uranium mineralisation.
The mineralisation seems to be due to mobilisation of uranium and other LILEs by metasomatising fluids and their deposition
along shear zones at a later stage, which may not be spatially related to zones of intense albitisation. 相似文献