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GIS-based spatial and temporal prediction system development for regional land subsidence hazard mitigation 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
An integrated GIS-based approach for establishing a spatial and temporal prediction system for groundwater flow and land subsidence is proposed and applied to a subsidence-progressed Japanese coastal plain. Various kinds of fundamental data relating to groundwater flow and land subsidence are digitized and entered into a GIS database. A surface water hydrological cycle simulation is performed using a GIS spatial data operation for the entire plain, and the spatial and temporal groundwater infiltration quantity is hereby obtained. Through the data transformation from the GIS database to a groundwater flow code (MODFLOW), a 3D groundwater flow model is established and unsteady groundwater flow simulation for the past 21 years is conducted with results which compare satisfactorily with observed results. Finally, a Visual Basic code is developed for land subsidence calculations considering aquifer and aquitard deformation. Future land subsidence in the plain is predicted assuming different water pumping scenarios, and the results provide important information for land subsidence mitigation decision-making. 相似文献
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WU Nian ;CHEN Shiguo ;YE Xingqian ;LI Guoyun ;YIN Li' ang ;XUE Changhu 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(5):871-876
Acidic polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, is one of the most important components of sea cucumber. In the present study, crude polysaccharide was extracted from four species of sea cucumber from three different geographical zones, Pearsonothuria graeffei（Pg） from Indo-Pacific, Holothuria vagabunda（Hv） from Norwegian Coast, Stichopus tremulu（St） from Western Indian Ocean, and Isostichopus badionotu（Ib） from Western Atlantic. The polysaccharide extract was separated and purified with a cellulose DEAE anion-exchange column to obtain corresponding sea cucumber fucans（SC-Fucs）. The chemical property of these SC-Fucs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulfate content, was determined. Their structure was compared simply with fourier infrared spectrum analyzer and identified with high temperature 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analyzer（NMR） and room temperature 13 C NMR. The results indicated that Fuc-Pg obtained from the torrid zone mainly contained 2,4-O-disulfated and non-sulfated fucose residue, whereas Fuc-Ib from the temperate zone contained non-, 2-O- and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residue; Fuc-St from the frigid zone and Fuc-Hv from the torrid zone contained mainly non-sulfated fucose residue. The proton of SC-Fucs was better resolved via high temperature 1H NMR than via room temperature 1H NMR. The fingerprint of sea cucumber in different sea regions was established based on the index of anomer hydrogen signal in SC-Fucs. Further work will help to understand whether there exists a close relationship between the geographical area of sea cucumber and the sulfation pattern of SC-Fucs. 相似文献
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以SRTM3-DEM为数据源,在ArcGIS支持下,采用水文分析以及DEM分析数据与地质图、卫星图像和地形图区域数据综合对比分析,结合实地调查及前人研究成果,对莱州湾南岸的弥河、白浪河、潍河3条典型河流河网河间地的提取进行了研究,并对不同流域河间地比率的空间关系、流域地貌侵蚀对比与区域变化、全新世河型及河型转换以及区域地貌发展阶段进行了研究.通过DEM的水文分析、河网提取、河间地制图,得到了每条河流、每种累积流量取值下河网中的河间地,从而提出了快速提取河间地的一种新方法.区域空间上,河间地比率自西向东存在弱的增大变化.流域侵蚀综合分析表明:3条河流曾明显下切,即西部的弥河以单河道截切式下切;中部的白浪河以拓展式下切;东部的潍河呈嵌入式下切.表明西部侵蚀下切幅度大于东部(西部河流侵蚀速度快于东部),从而印证了河间地比率西小、东大的空间变化.对古河型(/河网)分析表明,全新世以来有网状河、扇状分汉河、汇聚型河、顺直河和曲流河5种河型.河型转换受控于气候变化、基准面下降和不均衡的构造抬升.将研究区全新世的河流地貌演化分为全新世早阶段、全新世中期早阶段、全新世中期晚阶段、全新世晚期早阶段和全新世晚期晚阶段5个阶段. 相似文献
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本文对甘肃宝积山盆地窑街组植物大化石进行了系统研究,经鉴定共有19属50种,结合已有的宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物化石资料,发现甘肃宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群由27属73种组成.其中,银杏类植物10属30种,真蕨类植物5属26种,松柏类植物5属6种,楔叶类植物3属5种,苏铁类植物2属4种,裸子植物球果和种子化石2属2种.基于当前植物群组成特征,对植物化石埋藏学特性进行分析,确定植物化石主要为原地埋藏或亚原地埋藏,少数属种为异地埋藏,并通过对化石类群古生态特征进行分析,结合现生植物的生存环境,初步重建了宝积山盆地中侏罗世植物群落,划分为四个植物群落:岸边湿地楔叶类植物群落、低地蕨类苏铁类植物群落、坡地银杏类植物群落和高地松柏类植物群落.通过对植物群组成特征和植物化石叶相特征的统计分析,并与其他气候带植物群特征进行对比,推断中侏罗世时期甘肃宝积山盆地为温暖潮湿的暖温带气候. 相似文献
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将水库淤积按沉积动力学特征分为河流沉积淤积和水库沉积淤积两种基本类型,相映建立了两种淤积动力模型。枯水期水库水位下降时,河流沉积淤积体较水库沉积淤积体有较大面积的出露,枯水期淤积面积构成了水库淤积体大小及淤积程度的重要侧面和重要参数,水库淤积程度是枯水期水库淤积面积的函数。结合陆地卫星TM图像,对研究区内的30个水库淤积状况统计后,按淤积程度离差分为三级:Ⅰ级,DEPDEV<-0 3;Ⅱ级,DEPDEV=-0 3～1;Ⅲ级,DEPDEV>1。对图像平面数据与水利部门实测的水库淤积量数据进行对比,发现图像数据与兴利库容以下实测数据协同性好。最后,分别在流域内及整个研究区域,对水库淤积程度的空间分布进行了分析。 相似文献
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南京湖山地区方解石晶内变形的发现及其构造意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在印支晚期－燕山早期近南北向挤压褶皱与自南页北的构造推覆体制下，南京湖山地区出现了三个与逆掩推覆有关的构造变形事件。最初的构造变形表现为重结晶方解石颗粒的晶内变形，依据方解石双晶化密度计算了作用于汤－仑推覆体上的古构造差异应力为２５．６４ＭＰａ。 相似文献
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Acidic polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, is one of the most important components of sea cucumber. In the present study, crude polysaccharide was extracted from four species of sea cucumber from three different geographical zones, Pearsonothuria graeffei (Pg) from Indo-Pacific, Holothuria vagabunda (Hv) from Norwegian Coast, Stichopus tremulu (St) from Western Indian Ocean, and Isostichopus badionotu (Ib) from Western Atlantic. The polysaccharide extract was separated and purified with a cellulose DEAE anion-exchange column to obtain corresponding sea cucumber fucans (SC-Fucs). The chemical property of these SC-Fucs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulfate content, was determined. Their structure was compared simply with fourier infrared spectrum analyzer and identified with high temperature 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analyzer (NMR) and room temperature 13C NMR. The results indicated that Fuc-Pg obtained from the torrid zone mainly contained 2,4-O-disulfated and non-sulfated fucose residue, whereas Fuc-Ib from the temperate zone contained non-, 2-O- and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residue; Fuc-St from the frigid zone and Fuc-Hv from the torrid zone contained mainly non-sulfated fucose residue. The proton of SC-Fucs was better resolved via high temperature 1H NMR than via room temperature 1H NMR. The fingerprint of sea cucumber in different sea regions was established based on the index of anomer hydrogen signal in SC-Fucs. Further work will help to understand whether there exists a close relationship between the geographical area of sea cucumber and the sulfation pattern of SC-Fucs. 相似文献
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钢筋混凝土框架刚塑性抗震设计方法研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在罕遇地震作用下,钢筋混凝土框架结构通常要经历相当大的塑性变形,地震输入的动能绝大部分转化为塑性变形能而被耗散,仅有很少部分转化为弹性变形能,基于这种能量转化机制,采用刚塑性模型来预测地震反应.同时建议在结构设计时于适当位置预设塑性铰,使结构在强烈地震作用下的能量耗散集中在塑性铰处,并保证结构整体性,从而达到结构大震不倒的设防水准.以塑性理论为基础,发展了一种适用于钢筋混凝土框架结构刚塑性抗震设计方法.文中最后以5层钢筋混凝土框架为例给出了分析结果,并与弹塑性时程分析进行了对比,两者的一致性是相当满意的.由此表明,刚塑性抗震设计方法概念清晰,计算简单,具有可靠精度,可以满足罕遇地震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震设计要求. 相似文献