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Oldřich Praus Jindřich Rejl Reviewer M. Hvoždara 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1972,16(4):373-382
u¶rt;m mam u¶rt;au m ¶rt;a u¶rt;u ma u n aau anu mauaum n amuu ¶rt; a nu¶rt; 1967–1970. aamua ma auum m u¶rt;uu m nu¶rt;a u u am ¶rt;am a¶rt;a m mu ¶rt;¶rt;m -3 amu aua.
Dedicated to Academician Alois Zátopek on His 65th Birthday 相似文献
Dedicated to Academician Alois Zátopek on His 65th Birthday 相似文献
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Ekaterina P. Reguir Anton R. Chakhmouradian Laura Pisiak Norman M. Halden Panseok Yang Cheng Xu Jindřich Kynický Chris G. Couëslan 《Lithos》2012
The present work is a first comprehensive study of the trace-element composition and zoning in clinopyroxene- and amphibole-group minerals from carbonatites, incorporating samples from 14 localities worldwide (Afrikanda, Aley, Alnö, Blue River, Eden Lake, Huayangchuan, Murun, Oka, Ozernaya Varaka, Ozernyi, Paint Lake, Pinghe, Prairie Lake, Turiy Mys). The new electron-microprobe data presented here significantly extend the known compositional range of clinopyroxenes and amphiboles from carbonatites. These data confirm that calcic and sodic clinopyroxenes from carbonatites are not separated by a compositional gap, instead forming an arcuate trend from nearly pure diopside through intermediate aegirine–augite compositions confined to a limited range of CaFeSi2O6 contents (15–45 mol%) to aegirine with < 25 mol% of CaMgSi2O6 and a negligible proportion of CaFeSi2O6. A large set of LA-ICPMS data shows that the clinopyroxenes of different composition are characterized by relatively low levels of Cr, Co and Ni (≤ 40 ppm) and manifold variations in the concentration of trivalent lithophile and some incompatible elements (1–150 ppm Sc, 26–6870 ppm V, 5–550 ppm Sr, 90–2360 ppm Zr, and nil to 150 ppm REE), recorded in some cases within a single crystal. The relative contribution of clinopyroxenes to the whole-rock Rb, Nb, Ta, Th and U budget is negligible. The major-element compositional range of amphiboles spans from alkali- and Al-poor members (tremolite) to Na–Al-rich Mg- or, less commonly, Fe-dominant members (magnesiohastingsite, hastingsite and pargasite), to calcic–sodic, sodic and potassic–sodic compositions intermediate between magnesio-ferrikatophorite, richterite, magnesioriebeckite, ferri-nyböite and (potassic-)magnesio-arfvedsonite. In comparison with the clinopyroxenes, the amphiboles contain similar levels of tetravalent high-field-strength elements (Ti, Zr and Hf) and compatible transition elements (Cr, Co and Ni), but are capable of incorporating much higher concentrations of Sc and incompatible elements (up to 500 ppm Sc, 43 ppm Rb, 1470 ppm Sr, 1230 ppm Ba, 80 ppm Pb, 1070 ppm REE, 140 ppm Y, and 180 ppm Nb). In some carbonatites, amphiboles contribute as much as 25% of the Zr + Hf, 15% of the Sr and 35% of the Rb + Ba whole-rock budget. Both clinopyroxenes and amphiboles may also host a significant share (~ 10%) of the bulk heavy-REE content. Our trace-element data show that the partitioning of REE between clinopyroxene (and, in some samples, amphibole) and the melt is clearly bimodal and requires a revision of the existing models assuming single-site REE partitioning. Clinopyroxenes and amphiboles from carbonatites exhibit a diversity of zoning patterns that cannot be explained exclusively on the basis of crystal chemistry and relative compatibility of different trace-element in these minerals. Paragenetic analysis indicates that in most cases, the observed zoning patterns develop in response to removal of selected trace elements by phases co-precipitating with clinopyroxene and amphibole (especially magnetite, fluorapatite, phlogopite and pyrochlore). With the exception of magnesiohastingsite–richterite sample from Afrikanda, the invariability of trace-element ratios in the majority of zoned clinopyroxene and amphibole crystals implies that fluids are not involved in the development of zoning in these minerals. The implications of the new trace-element data for mineral exploration targeting REE, Nb and other types of carbonatite-hosted rare-metal mineralization are discussed. 相似文献
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János Kovács Szabolcs Á. Fábián Gábor Varga Karoly Németh Corina Risso Francisco Nullo Gabor Kereszturi Titusz Bugya Szabolcs Á. Fábián Noémi L. Görcs István P. Kovács Bertalan Radvánszky Gabriella Barta Rudolf Musil Alice Ghiselli Marzio Merazzi Andrea Strini Roberto Margutti Michele Mercuriali Rauf Gardashov Daria Gushchina Boris Dewitte Martin Michálek Marián Putiš Christoph A. Hauzenberger Jindřich Šancer Martin Štrejbar Aneta Maleňáková George Migiros George D. Bathrellos Hariklia D. Skilodimou Theodoros Karamousalis 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2011,3(2):229-229
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Michal Horsák Jind?iška Bojková Světlana Zahrádková Marie Omesová Jan Helešic 《Limnologica》2009,39(2):140-151
In order to assess and compare the ecological impacts of channelization and shallow lowland reservoirs, macroinvertebrate communities of a lowland metapotamal river below reservoirs with epilimnial release were studied. The study was carried out in the Dyje River (Czech Republic) at five sites located from 1.5 to 22.5 km downstream of the reservoir outfall. The five sites differed in the degree of channel modification from natural muddy banks to riprap regulation. Seven samples were collected during the years 1998 and 1999 at each site using a semiquantitative method. The data were processed using multivariate analyses and methods for assessing the ecological and functional structure of communities. Altogether, 261 species of benthic macroinvertebrates were recorded including several rare and threatened taxa. Based on the results of principal component analysis (PCA), most of the variability within the species data (the first PCA axis) was explained by the degree of channel modification, from natural muddy banks with aquatic vegetation to a man-made riprap. The second axis was strongly correlated with current velocity. The sites differed in species richness, total abundances, proportion of individual functional feeding groups, pattern of the distribution of the current preference groups, and values of several biotic indexes, all of which also corresponded to the degree of channel modification. Thus, the morphological man-made modifications of the river channel were found to be the main factor affecting lowland river macroinvertebrates and their biodiversity. Our results suggest that the biggest threat to benthic macroinvertebrate diversity of lowland rivers comes from channelization. The impact of reservoirs can be completely overwhelmed by the impact of channelization, especially when muddy banks with aquatic vegetation present a substantial part of habitat diversity and significantly contribute to the total species pool. 相似文献
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赞比亚北部地区广泛发育古元古代花岗岩,是研究班韦乌卢地块构造岩浆作用特征的天然实验室.本文对赞比亚北部卡帕图地区大面积出露的花岗岩体开展较系统的岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究.结果显示,卡帕图地区主体花岗岩形成于2012±11～1970±20Ma,晚期浅肉红色似斑状正长花岗岩侵位年龄为1959±16Ma,均为古元古代岩浆活动,大量太古宙捕获锆石信息显示班韦乌卢地块可能存在太古宙地壳组分残留.地球化学数据表明,卡帕图花岗岩具有高硅(SiO2=67.93％～72.80％)、高铝(13.85％～14.91％)、富钾(Na2O/K2O=0.29～0.89)、低镁(0.38％～1.93％)、低磷(0.10％～0.23％)的特点,铝饱和指数A/CNK在1.04～1.19之间,CIPW刚玉标准分子指数大于1％(1.01％～2.51％);稀土元素分配模式整体右倾,其中主体花岗岩稀土含量较高(ΣREE=191.79×10-6～294.25×10-6),Eu负异常(δEu=0.26～0.53),晚期浅肉红色似斑状正长花岗岩稀土含量相对较低(ΣREE=48.58×10-6～54.00×10-6),Eu弱正异常(δEu=1.04～1.37);微量元素中,卡帕图花岗岩富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Ba、Sr和高场强元素Nb、Ta等,并具有较低的Cr(3.56×10-6～65.6×10-6)、Co(1.99×10-6～12.5×10-6)和Ni(2.16×10-6～33.7×10-6)含量;以上特征表明研究区古元古代花岗岩属于S型花岗岩.Hf同位素结果表明,卡帕图花岗岩的εHf(t)值和二阶段模式年龄tDM2值分别介于-15.9～+4.7和2289～3596Ma,远大于其锆石的结晶年龄,指示岩浆源区成分的强不均一性,岩浆源区系太古宙-古元古代陆壳部分熔融产物,存在不同程度的地幔物质混入.此外,主体岩石较高的CaO/Na2O和低的Rb/Sr比值,表明主体花岗岩原岩是由地壳砂质岩部分熔融而来;晚期浅肉红色似斑状花岗岩低的CaO/Na2O和高的Rb/Sr比值,指示泥质岩源区熔融.综合区域和全球构造演化历史,本次研究认为卡帕图花岗岩形成于坦桑克拉通与班韦乌卢地块同碰撞的构造环境,该期岩浆活动可能是Columbia超大陆的碰撞造山事件在班韦乌卢地块的地质响应. 相似文献
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研究了 UUV 锌银蓄电池的结构原理和技术要求,剖析了电池过充过放的机理及危害,结合锌银蓄电池的电势坪阶概念,解释了充放电规律,阐述了防止电池过充过放的使用方案、相关技术和成功经验。 针对锌银蓄电池的实际使用问题,提出“小电流”充放电和低温贮存的改良方案,试验证明其对提升电池性能和质量寿命具有一定效果。 相似文献
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Jindřich Šancer Martin Štrejbar Aneta Maleňáková 《Central European Journal of Geosciences》2011,3(2):207-214
This paper presents some results of the laboratory tests on the time-dependent behaviour of three types of sandstone. Research into the rheological properties of rocks is mostly done under static (quasistatic) loading. In nature, however, rocks are also often subjected to cyclic (vibration) loading as a result of vibrations from traffic or the propagation of seismic waves due to, for example, earthquakes, rock bursts, blasting operations and such like. On this account, the research presented is focused on the study of rheological rock properties during vibration (cyclic) loading. The tests of the rheological properties of a cyclic load were conducted both in creep regime and in relaxation regime, at various levels of average load or strain and for various parameters of vibration (frequency, amplitude). The measured values of different parameter settings were compared and evaluated so that it was possible to set the dependence of cyclical rock loading in the rheological regime. For the purpose of the comparison of rock behavior during vibration and static loading, other tests were also carried out. The results of the research show that, in the course of cyclical loading, the rock rheological properties depend, to a significant extent, on the parameters of this loading, especially the amplitude and frequency. 相似文献
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