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1.
A unified model for outbursts of dwarf novae is proposed based on the disk instability model in cataclysmic variable stars. In this model, two different intrinsic instabilities (i.e., the thermal instability and the tidal instability) within accretion disks are considered in non-magnetic cataclysmic variable stars. It is suggested that all of three sub-classes of dwarf novae (i.e., U Gem-type, Z Cam-type and SU UMa-type dwarf novae) may be explained in terms of two model parameters of the orbital period of the binary and of the mass transfer rate within the framework of the disk instability model. 相似文献
2.
Non-volcanic deep low-frequency tremors accompanying slow slips in the southwest Japan subduction zone 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
Non-volcanic deep low-frequency tremors in southwest Japan exhibit a strong temporal and spatial correlation with slow slip detected by the dense seismic network. The tremor signal is characterized by a low-frequency vibration with a predominant frequency of 0.5–5 Hz without distinct P- or S-wave onset. The tremors are located using the coherent pattern of envelopes over many stations, and are estimated to occur near the transition zone on the plate boundary on the forearc side along the strike of the descending Philippine Sea plate. The belt-like distribution of tremors consists of many clusters. In western Shikoku, the major tremor activity has a recurrence interval of approximately six months, with each episode lasting over a week. The tremor source area migrates during each episode along the strike of the subducting plate with a migration velocity of about 10 km/day. Slow slip events occur contemporaneously with this tremor activity, with a coincident estimated source area that also migrates during each episode. The coupling of tremor and slow slip in western Shikoku is very similar to the episodic tremor and slip phenomenon reported for the Cascadia margin in northwest North America. The duration and recurrence interval of these episodes varies between tremor clusters even on the same subduction zone, attributable to regional difference in the frictional properties of the plate interface. 相似文献
3.
Horie Kei Maki Norio Kohiyama Masayuki Lu Hengjian Tanaka Satoshi Hashitera Shin Shigekawa Kishie Hayashi Haruo 《Natural Hazards》2003,29(3):341-370
Rebuilding of victims' livelihoods was a crucial issue in the restoration process in the1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster. Housing damage assessment influencedmost of the rebuilding of the livelihood in the long term, because the Victim Certificatesissued by the local governments based on the results of the Housing damage assessmentwas required to receive most of the individual assistance measures. In the process ofHousing damage assessment, many complex problems arose, leading to extensivework on the part of the disaster responders. Consequently, a considerable number ofvictims were dissatisfied with the assessment and applied for a resurvey. Due to a floodof requests for resurvey, disaster responders had to work on damage assessment, leavingrelief activities aside.In order to facilitate Housing damage assessment, this paper discusses thefollowing five points: (1) the processes and the problems of assessments performedin the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster, (2) the changes in the nature of informationneeded by the victims, (3) the improvements over the present damage assessment, (4)the housing situation in Japan, and (5) the international situation on damage assessment.It is obvious from the results that a poor damage assessment system and the size ofthe disaster produced a very large work load. Differences in appreciation among theinvestigators also contributed to unfair assessments and led to the victims beingincreasingly dissatisfied by the survey results. Finally, a design concept for acomprehensive damage assessment system, which has been derived from theabove five points, is proposed for post-disaster management. 相似文献
4.
5.
Kim Senger Thomas Birchall Peter Betlem Kei Ogata Sverre Ohm Snorre Olaussen Renate S.Paulsen 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):411-427
Marine controlled source electromagnetic(CSEM)data have been utilized in the past decade during petroleum exploration of the Barents Shelf,particularly for de-risking the highly porous sandstone reservoirs of the Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic Realgrunnen Subgroup.In this contribution we compare the resistivity response from CSEM data to resistivity from wireline logs in both water-and hydrocarbon-bearing wells.We show that there is a very good match between these types of data,particularly when reservoirs are shallow.CSEM data,however,only provide information on the subsurface resistivity.Careful,geology-driven interpretation of CSEM data is required to maximize the impact on exploration success.This is particularly important when quantifying the relative re-sistivity contribution of high-saturation hydrocarbon-bearing sandstone and that of the overlying cap rock.In the presented case the cap rock comprises predominantly organic rich Upper Jurassic-Early Cretaceous shales of the Hekkingen Formation(i.e.a regional source rock).The resistivity response of the reservoir and its cap rock become merged in CSEM data due to the transverse resistance equivalence principle.As a result of this,it is imperative to understand both the relative contributions from reservoir and cap rock,and the geological sig-nificance of any lateral resistivity variation in each of the units.In this contribution,we quantify the resistivity of organic rich mudstone,i.e.source rock,and reservoir sandstones,using 131 exploration boreholes from the Barents Shelf.The highest resistivity(>10,000 Ωm)is evident in the hydrocarbon-bearing Realgrunnen Subgroup which is reported from 48 boreholes,43 of which are used for this study.Pay zone resistivity is primarily controlled by reservoir quality(i.e.porosity and shale fraction)and fluid phase(i.e.gas,oil and water saturation).In the investigated wells,the shale dominated Hekkingen Formation exhibits enhanced resistivity compared to the background(i.e.the underlying and overlying stratigraphy),though rarely exceeds 20Ωm.Marine mudstones typically show good correlation between measured organic richness and resistivity/sonic velocity log signatures.We conclude that the resistivity contribution to the CSEM response from hydrocarbon-bearing sandstones out-weighs that of the organic rich cap rocks. 相似文献
6.
7.
Thorium isotopes in the airborne dust collected at Tsukuba Science City in Japan from January 1981 to December 1982 show clear seasonal variations. Especially228Th in the airborne particles have a typical maximum cincentration between February and April, which is about an order of magnitude higher than during the remainder of the year. According to the result of size distribution of thorium isotope-bearing particles in the air, about 53% of228Th is associated with the particles less than 1.6 μm aerodynamic diameter. These results reveal that228Th in the airborne particles is present in fine soily matters originating from the East Asian deserts. 相似文献
8.
Shigehiko Tateno Kei Hirose Nagayoshi Sata Yasuo Ohishi 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2007,160(3-4):319-325
Phase relations in Mg0.5Fe0.5SiO3 and Mg0.25Fe0.75SiO3 were investigated in a pressure range from 72 to 123 GPa on the basis of synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements in situ at high-pressure and -temperature in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell (LHDAC). Results demonstrate that Mg0.5Fe0.5SiO3 perovskite is formed as a single phase at 85–108 GPa and 1800–2330 K, indicating a high solubility of FeO in (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite at high pressures. Post-perovskite appears coexisting with perovskite in Mg0.5Fe0.5SiO3 above 106 GPa at 1410 K, the condition very close to the post-perovskite phase transition boundary in pure MgSiO3. The coexistence of perovskite and post-perovskite was observed to 123 GPa. In addition, post-perovskite was formed coexisting with perovskite also in Mg0.25Fe0.75SiO3 bulk composition at 106–123 GPa. In contrast to earlier experimental and theoretical studies, these results show that incorporation of FeO stabilizes perovskite at higher pressures. This could be due to a larger ionic radius of Fe2+ ion, which is incompatible with a small Mg2+ site in the post-perovskite phase. 相似文献
9.
Hiroshi Taura Hisayoshi Yurimoto Kei Kurita Shigeho Sueno 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1998,25(7):469-484
Partition coefficients between olivine and melt at upper mantle conditions, 3 to 14 GPa, have been determined for 27 trace
elements (Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Cs, Ba, La and Ce) using
secondary-ion mass-spectrometry (SIMS) and electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA). The general pattern of olivine/melt partitioning
on Onuma diagrams resembles those reported previously for natural systems. This agreement strongly supports the argument that
partitioning is under structural control of olivine even at high pressure. The partition coefficients for mono- and tri-valent
cations show significant pressure dependence, both becoming larger with pressure, and are strongly correlated with coupled
substitution into cation sites in the olivine structure. The dominant type of trace element substitution for mono- and tri-valent
cations into olivine changes gradually from (Si, Mg)↔(Al, Cr) at low pressure to (Si, Mg)↔(Al, Al) and (Mg, Mg)↔(Na, Al) at
high pressure. The change in substitution type results in an increase in partition coefficients of Al and Na with pressure.
An inverse correlation between the partition coefficients for divalent cations and pressure has been observed, especially
for Ni, Co and Fe. The order of decreasing rate of partition coefficient with pressure correlates to strength of crystal field
effect of the cation. The pressure dependence of olivine/melt partitioning can be attributed to the compression of cation
polyhedra induced by pressure and the compensation of electrostatic valence by cation substitution.
Received: March 6, 1997 / Revised, accepted: March 12, 1998 相似文献
10.
Takashi Doi Michiaki Takano Kei Okamura Tamaki Ura Toshitaka Gamo 《Journal of Oceanography》2008,64(3):471-477
We present the results of a chemical survey at a submarine volcano, Teishi Knoll, obtained using a submersible in-situ Mn
analyzer (GAMOS) mounted on an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) platform. During this survey, high-resolution data of dissolved
Mn were obtained in three dimensions in nearly real time. The AUV enabled continuous detailed observations along a preprogrammed
pathway, which could not have been performed with conventional CTD hydrocasts. During this observation, anomalously high dissolved
Mn concentrations were obtained within the crater, corresponding to high water temperatures. The anomalies might be a hydrothermal
signature due to volcanic activity from the crater. 相似文献