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Assessing physical vulnerability for multi-hazards using an indicator-based methodology 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Globally, many built-up areas are threatened by multiple hazards which pose significant threat to humans, buildings and infrastructure. However, the analysis of the physical vulnerability towards multiple hazards is a field that still receives little attention although vulnerability analysis and assessment can contribute significantly to risk reduction efforts. Indicator-based vulnerability approaches are flexible and can be adjusted to the different hazards as well as to specific user needs. In this paper, an indicator-based vulnerability approach, the PTVA (Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment), was further developed to be applicable in a multi-hazard context. The resulting multi-hazard version of the PTVA consists of four steps: the identification of the study area and relevant hazards as well as the acquisition of hazard information, the determination of vulnerability indicators and collection of data, the weighting of factors and vulnerability assessment and finally, the consideration of hazard interactions. After the introduction of the newly developed methodology a pilot application is carried out in the Faucon municipality located in the Barcelonnette basin, Southern French Alps. In this case study the vulnerability of buildings to debris flows, shallow landslides and river flooding for emergency planning and for general risk reduction purposes is assessed. The implementation of the methodology leads to reasonable results indicating the vulnerable buildings and supporting the priority setting of different end-users according to their objectives. The constraints of the presented methodology are: a) the fact that the method is not hazard-intensity specific, thus, vulnerability is measured in a rather qualitative and relative way and b) the high amount of data required for its performance. However, the advantage is that it is a flexible method which can be applied for the vulnerability analysis in a multi-hazard context but also it can be adjusted to the user-specific needs to support decision-making. 相似文献
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Physical vulnerability assessment for alpine hazards: state of the art and future needs 总被引：8，自引：5，他引：3
Mountain hazards such as landslides, floods and avalanches pose a serious threat to human lives and development and can cause
considerable damage to lifelines, critical infrastructure, agricultural lands, housing, public and private infrastructure
and assets. The assessment of the vulnerability of the built environment to these hazards is a topic that is growing in importance
due to climate change impacts. A proper understanding of vulnerability will lead to more effective risk assessment, emergency
management and to the development of mitigation and preparedness activities all of which are designed to reduce the loss of
life and economic costs. In this study, we are reviewing existing methods for vulnerability assessment related to mountain
hazards. By analysing the existing approaches, we identify difficulties in their implementation (data availability, time consumption)
and differences between them regarding their scale, the consideration of the hazardous phenomenon and its properties, the
consideration of important vulnerability indicators and the use of technology such as GIS and remote sensing. Finally, based
on these observations, we identify the future needs in the field of vulnerability assessment that include the user-friendliness
of the method, the selection of all the relevant indicators, the transferability of the method, the inclusion of information
concerning the hazard itself, the use of technology (GIS) and the provision of products such as vulnerability maps and the
consideration of the temporal pattern of vulnerability. 相似文献
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Spatiotemporal dynamics: the need for an innovative approach in mountain hazard risk management 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
Sven Fuchs Margreth Keiler Sergey Sokratov Alexander Shnyparkov 《Natural Hazards》2013,68(3):1217-1241
Starting with an overview on losses due to mountain hazards in the Russian Federation and the European Alps, the question is raised why a substantial number of events still are recorded—despite considerable efforts in hazard mitigation and risk reduction. The main reason for this paradox lies in a missing dynamic risk-based approach, and it is shown that these dynamics have different roots: firstly, neglecting climate change and systems dynamics, the development of hazard scenarios is based on the static approach of design events. Secondly, due to economic development and population dynamics, the elements at risk exposed are subject to spatial and temporal changes. These issues are discussed with respect to temporal and spatial demands. As a result, it is shown how risk is dynamic on a long-term and short-term scale, which has to be acknowledged in the risk concept if this concept is targeted at a sustainable development of mountain regions. A conceptual model is presented that can be used for dynamical risk assessment, and it is shown by different management strategies how this model may be converted into practice. Furthermore, the interconnectedness and interaction between hazard and risk are addressed in order to enhance prevention, the level of protection and the degree of preparedness. 相似文献
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J. Birkmann O. D. Cardona M. L. Carreño A. H. Barbat M. Pelling S. Schneiderbauer S. Kienberger M. Keiler D. Alexander P. Zeil T. Welle 《Natural Hazards》2013,67(2):193-211
The paper deals with the development of a general as well as integrative and holistic framework to systematize and assess vulnerability, risk and adaptation. The framework is a thinking tool meant as a heuristic that outlines key factors and different dimensions that need to be addressed when assessing vulnerability in the context of natural hazards and climate change. The approach underlines that the key factors of such a common framework are related to the exposure of a society or system to a hazard or stressor, the susceptibility of the system or community exposed, and its resilience and adaptive capacity. Additionally, it underlines the necessity to consider key factors and multiple thematic dimensions when assessing vulnerability in the context of natural and socio-natural hazards. In this regard, it shows key linkages between the different concepts used within the disaster risk management (DRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA) research. Further, it helps to illustrate the strong relationships between different concepts used in DRM and CCA. The framework is also a tool for communicating complexity and stresses the need for societal change in order to reduce risk and to promote adaptation. With regard to this, the policy relevance of the framework and first results of its application are outlined. Overall, the framework presented enhances the discussion on how to frame and link vulnerability, disaster risk, risk management and adaptation concepts. 相似文献
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Challenges of analyzing multi-hazard risk: a review 总被引：9，自引：6，他引：3
Melanie S. Kappes Margreth Keiler Kirsten von Elverfeldt Thomas Glade 《Natural Hazards》2012,64(2):1925-1958
Many areas of the world are prone to several natural hazards, and effective risk reduction is only possible if all relevant threats are considered and analyzed. However, in contrast to single-hazard analyses, the examination of multiple hazards poses a range of additional challenges due to the differing characteristics of processes. This refers to the assessment of the hazard level, as well as to the vulnerability toward distinct processes, and to the arising risk level. As comparability of the single-hazard results is strongly needed, an equivalent approach has to be chosen that allows to estimate the overall hazard and consequent risk level as well as to rank threats. In addition, the visualization of a range of natural hazards or risks is a challenging task since the high quantity of information has to be depicted in a way that allows for easy and clear interpretation. The aim of this contribution is to give an outline of the challenges each step of a multi-hazard (risk) analysis poses and to present current studies and approaches that face these difficulties. 相似文献
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Complexity and non‐linearity in earth surface processes – concepts,methods and applications 
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下载免费PDF全文 Arnaud J.A.M. Temme Margreth Keiler Derek Karssenberg Andreas Lang 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2015,40(9):1270-1274
Complexity has long been recognized and is increasingly becoming mainstream in geomorphology. However, the relative novelty of various concepts and techniques associated to it means that ambiguity continues to surround complexity. In this commentary, we present and discuss a variety of recent contributions that have the potential to help clarify issues and advance the use of complexity in geomorphology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Malgwi Mark Bawa Ramirez Jorge Alberto Zischg Andreas Zimmermann Markus Schürmann Stefan Keiler Margreth 《Natural Hazards》2021,108(2):1781-1805
Natural Hazards - The scarcity of model input and calibration data has limited efforts in reconstructing scenarios of past floods in many regions globally. Recently, the number of studies that use... 相似文献
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