Chemical aspects of iron oxide coagulation in water: Laboratory studies and implications for natural systems     

Liyuan Liang  James J. Morgan 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1990,52(1):32-55

Initial coagulation rates of colloidal hematite (-Fe₂O₃) particles (diameter less than 0.1 µm) were measured experimentally in well-defined laboratory systems at constant temperature. The relative stability ratio,W, was obtained at various ionic strengths in NaCl medium and at pH values in the range from 3 to 12. ExperimentalW values ranged from 1 to 10⁴ in various systems. The results delineate the roles ofspecific andgeneralized coagulation mechanisms for iron oxides. Among the specifically-interacting species (G _ads ⁰ >G _coul ⁰ ) studied were phosphate, monomeric organic acids of various structures, and polymeric organic acids. The critical coagulation-restabilization concentrations of specifically-interacting anions (from 10^–7 to 10^–4 molar) can be compared with the general effects of non-specific electrolyte coagulants (10^–3 to 10^–1 molar). The laboratory results are interpreted with the help of a Surface Complex Formation/Diffuse Layer Model (SCF/DLM) which describes variations of interfacial charge and potential resulting from variations of coagulating species in solution. Comparison of these laboratory experiments with observations on iron behavior in estuarine and lake waters aids in understanding iron removal mechanisms and coagulation time scales in natural systems.  相似文献   

柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系生物气的形成途径与运聚方式   总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22  

张晓宝  徐自远  段毅  马立元  孟自芳  周世新  贺鹏 《地质论评》2003,49(2):168-174

柴达木盆地三湖(台吉乃尔湖、涩聂湖、达布逊湖)地区第四系生物气区是我国最大的生物气区。笔者系统采集了该气区21个天然气样品,测量了其组分和碳同位素组成,重点探讨了生物气形成途径和运聚方式。生物气δ~(13)C_1和δ~(13)C_(CO_2)均随深度增大而变重,显示了CO_2还原途径成气的特征。生物气δ~(13)C_1、δ~(13)C_(CO_2)和δD分布与CO_2还原方式形成的生物气的相应同位素值分布范围接近。在有关成因图解中这些数据主要位于CO_2还原途径成气范围内。生物气CO_2和CH_4之间的碳同位素分馏系数α_c>1.055,具有CO_2还原途径成气的特征。柴达木盆地第四纪干旱的古气候、较低的古温度、较高的沉积速率和水体中较高的硫酸盐含量使得甲烷菌的大量繁殖只能在较大的深度范围内才能实现,从而,有利于CO_2还原途径成气作用进行。涩北一号、涩北二号气田生物气δ~(13)C_1组成分布可能表明,生物气形成以后沿疏导层水平运移进入气藏,基本不存在垂向运移。该项研究对于进一步深入探讨生物气成因、形成条件,确定生物气模拟实验方式与条件,计算生物气资源量,建立成藏模式和选择天然气有利勘探区块均具有重要价值。  相似文献   

Byproduct Formation During the Reduction of TCE by Zero-Valence Iron and Palladized Iron   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Liyuan Liang  Nic Korte  J.D. Goodlaxson  Jay Clausen  Quintus Fernando  Rosy Muftikian 《Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation》1997,17(1):122-127

Trichloroethene (TCE) was reduced with zero-valence iron and palladized iron in zero-head-space extractors. Progress of the reaction in these batch studies was monitored with purge-and-trap gas chromatography and a flame ionization detector. When a 5 ppm initial concentration of TCF. reacts with zero-valence iron, approximately 140 ppb of vinyl chloride persists for as long as 73 days. The concentration of vinyl chloride (approximately If) ppb) remaining with palladized iron is approximately an order of magnitude less than when zero-valence iron is the reductant. These data suggest that volatile byproducts may be under-represented in oilier published data regarding reduction with zero-valence metals. These results also demonstrate that the reduction of TCE with palladized iron (0.05 percent palladium) is more than an order of magnitude faster than with zero-valence iron. Wilh a 5:1 solution-to-solid ratio the TCE half-life with zero-valence iron is 7.41 hours. but is only 0.59 hours with the palladized iron.  相似文献   

婴幼儿颅脑结节性硬化病CT特点     

毕纯龙  高丽媛  万霞 《CT理论与应用研究》2001,10(1):28-29

目的：提高对婴幼儿结节性硬化病CT表现的认识。结果：本病CT有特征性表现，即双侧侧脑室周围多发高密度结节影和钙化斑。结论：CT能够准确诊断结节性硬化脑，为该病的特异性诊断方法。  相似文献   

基于孔压静力触探(CPTU)测试的连云港海相粘土前期固结压力确定方法研究     

蔡国军  刘松玉  童立元  杜广印 《工程地质学报》2007,15(1):83-87

首先回顾了基于孔压静力触探(CPTU)测试确定前期固结压力的方法,通过连云港海相粘土场地进行的CPTU试验资料,以室内固结试验得到的前期固结压力作为参考值评估了经验方法预测前期固结压力的有效性。最简单的方法是直接建立前期固结压力和净锥尖阻力的关系,同时也是最有效的方法。  相似文献   

3S技术在辽宁省海岛地名普查中的应用     

雷利元  张笑  尤广然  赵东洋  吴英超 《全球定位系统》2014,(6):90-93

3S技术因具有快速、准确、实时的导航定位、对地实测和强大的空间信息加工、处理和分析能力,在国防、气象、灾害监测与环境保护、能源、交通、土地资源勘察等领域得以广泛应用。辽宁省海岛地名普查首次采用了3S技术,实现了海岛地名信息和海岛地理基础数据调查与管理的一体化,达到了海岛地理实体、数据信息、外业调查照片的一致性,建立了海岛地名信息系统。详细介绍了辽宁省海岛地名调查中,3S技术在数字化、导航定位和信息识别、提取、勘测、分析、处理以及数据集成等环节中的应用。  相似文献   

黔西北一次暴雨过程的中尺度特征分析     

万汉芸  胡永松  张润琼  王丽媛 《贵州气象》2014,38(Z1)

利用常规气象资料、地面加密资料、物理量场以及卫星云图等资料,对2014年6月2-3日毕节市东南部暴雨天气过程进行分析.结果表明:①强降水与地面中尺度风速辐合有非常好的对应关系,强降水中心主要出现在地面中尺度风速辐合线附近,降水随地面中尺度风速辐合线北侧的偏北气流增强而加大.②假相当位温、比湿以及水汽通量散度的分布与对流系统的发生、发展有很好的一致性.③此次强降水不是云顶温度最低的地方,而是在地面中尺度风速辐合最明显、水汽输送最强的地方.  相似文献   

Lateral bearing performance and mechanism of piles in the transition zone due to pit-in-pit excavation     

Tong  Liyuan  Li  Hongjiang  Ha  Si  Liu  Songyu 《Acta Geotechnica》2022,17(5):1935-1948

Acta Geotechnica - Excavation types of foundation pits for large-scale or special-purpose urban construction have been more and more complex, and the environmental safety issues caused by pit...  相似文献   

Directional Support Method for Tunnel Jointed Rock Mass     

Wu  Xu  Xu  Jinliang  Zhang  Liyuan  Sun  Jinglai  He  Zhengyu  Gao  Jun 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(8):4171-4182

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - In order to explore the directional support method of jointed rock mass and ensure the stable operation of roadway, the support effect of jointed rock mass...  相似文献   

樟树市气象干旱特征及重现期分析          下载免费PDF全文

刘喆玥  韩会明  赖亮  杨立苑  徐全倩 《气象与减灾研究》2020,43(2):117-122

利用樟树市1960—2018年逐月降水和气温资料,计算标准化降水蒸散指数（SPEI）,并结合游程理论和Copula函数分析了该地区干旱特征。结果表明：樟树市干旱形势总体上趋于缓和,干旱历时和干旱烈度均呈减弱趋势,且呈现出良好的相关性;Frank-Copula函数可作为描述该地区干旱历时和干旱烈度的二维联合分布最优函数;在相同干旱历时和烈度下,“且”的重现期大于“或”的重现期,樟树市历史干旱事件的干旱历时多小于5个月,“且”的重现期小于10 a。  相似文献