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1.
Rosa Nappi Giuliana Alessio Giovanni Bronzino Carlo Terranova Giuseppe Vilardo 《Natural Hazards》2008,45(1):73-85
In this article the implementation and potential of the Seismotectonic Information System of the Campania Region (SISCam)
are described, in particular an application of this Web-based GIS system to the seismotectonic analysis of the Sannio area
(Southern Apennines) is performed. WEB-GIS technologies greatly contribute to both the environmental monitoring and the disaster
management of areas affected by high natural risks. Specifically the SISCam system has been developed with the aim of providing
easy access and fast diffusion, through Internet technology, of the most significant geological, geophysical, and territorial
data relative to the Campania Region. The Sannio area has been selected as our application example because it is among the
most active seismic regions in Italy. This portion of the Southern Apennines which was hit by the June 5, 1688 strong earthquake
(M
W = 6.7, CPTI 1999) and by some low- and moderate-energy seismic sequences (1990–1992, 1997), is characterized by a complex
inherited tectonic setting and low-tectonic deformation rates that hide the seismogenic sources position. Since this case
study turned out to be complicated, the use of the SIScam WEB-GIS has become indispensable because it allowed us to visualize,
integrate and analyze all the data available, in order to obtain an accurate and direct picture of the seismotectonic setting
of the area. Moreover, a different approach of data analysis was necessary, due to the lack of up-to-date neotectonic and
structural data; therefore, the operation of this GIS system enabled us to process and generate some original informative
layers, through image analysis, such as new structural lineaments represented on a map of the potential active faults of the
area, which has been the final result of our application, as a contribution to new knowledge about the local seismic risk
parameters. 相似文献
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Discrete elastic–plastic systems subjected to dynamic load conditions are considered and properties related to an implicit time-integration scheme are discussed on the basis of an internal variable formulation. The material models accounted for are quite general: elastic–perfectly plastic and elastic–plastic (subjected to linear or non-linear, kinematic or isotropic hardening). The internal variable approach adopted in the paper leads easily to extremum theorems from which convergence properties of convenient time-integration schemes immediately follow. Next, taking account of the stabilising effect due to inertial and damping forces, it is shown how the above results can be extended to the case of softening (again linear or non-linear, kinematic or isotropic). Finally, some numerical examples are given and an extension to damage models is envisaged. 相似文献
4.
The sustainable development concept has generated a large body of literature. It has also divided economists into numerous
schools of thought. The neoclassical, London, and other schools are painted in broad strokes in the first part of this paper.
They debate the extent to which manufactured capital and “natural” capital are believed to be substitutes or complements in
a macroeconomics context. The problem stems from the difficulty to measure “natural” capital. The second part of the paper
looks at sustainable development in mining at the firm level. First, it is argued that the capital value of the mineral reserves
can be maintained by discovering reserves or by saving part of the rent. Second, we show that mine manager actions can be
induced to follow efficiency and equity principles when proper limits or constraints are imposed by the legislator. It is
concluded that a set of indicators need to be defined and calibrated to ensure that the economic, environmental, and social
limits imposed on the mine manager become a framework inside which he competes for the best interest of the firm. 相似文献
5.
E. Del Pezzo I. Guerra A. Lo Bascio G. Luongo G. Nappi R. Scarpa 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1974,38(3):1023-1036
A seismic survey was carried out at Stromboli volcano during August 1973. Statistical and spectral analyses of volcanic tremor and explosion quakes were performed. The statistical analysis has shown that the value of them coefficient in Ishimoto & Iida’s relation is high and that the hourly frequencies of events are fairly constant. The spectral analysis has shown a similarity in shape between tremors and explosion quakes. These events have the dominant frequency of 5 Hz at the craters area. 相似文献
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7.
PhotoelectricUBV differential observations of the eclipsing binary SVS 2086 are presented. The system shows a W UMa-type light curve, with an amplitude of 0.5 inV light; the period seems to be longer than previously believed. 相似文献
8.
The aim of this study was to provide a contribution to seismic hazard assessment of the Salento Peninsula (Apulia, southern Italy). It is well known that this area was struck by the February 20, 1743, earthquake (I 0 = IX and M w = 7.1), the strongest seismic event of Salento, that caused the most severe damage in the towns of Nardò (Lecce) and Francavilla Fontana (Brindisi), in the Ionian Islands (Greece) and in the western coast of Albania. It was also widely felt in the western coast of Greece, in Malta Islands, in southern Italy and in some localities of central and northern Italy. Moreover, the area of the Salento Peninsula has also been hit by several low-energy and a few high-energy earthquakes over the last centuries; the instrumental recent seismicity is mainly concentrated in the western sector of the peninsula and in the Otranto Channel. The Salento area has also experienced destructive seismicity of neighboring regions in Italy (the Gargano Promontory in northern Apulia, the Southern Apennines chain, the Calabrian Arc) and in the Balkan Peninsula (Greece and Albania). Accordingly, a critical analysis of several documentary and historical sources, as well as of the geologic–geomorphologic ground effects due to the strong 1743 Salento earthquake, has been carried out by the authors in this paper; the final purpose has been to re-evaluate the 1743 MCS macroseismic intensities and to provide a list of newly classified localities according to the ESI-07 scale on the base of recognized Earthquake Environmental Effects. The result is a quite different damage scenario due to this earthquake that could raise the seismic potential currently recognized for the Salento area, and consequently upgrade the seismic hazard classification of the Salento. Indeed it is important to remind that currently, despite the intense earthquake activity recorded not only in the Otranto Channel, but especially in Greece and Albania, this area is classified in the least dangerous category of the Seismic Classification of the Italian territory (IV category). 相似文献
9.
The aim of this study was to provide a contribution to seismic hazard assessment of the Salento Peninsula (Apulia, southern Italy). It is well known that this area was struck by the February 20, 1743, earthquake (I 0 = IX and M w = 7.1), the strongest seismic event of Salento, that caused the most severe damage in the towns of Nardò (Lecce) and Francavilla Fontana (Brindisi), in the Ionian Islands (Greece) and in the western coast of Albania. It was also widely felt in the western coast of Greece, in Malta Islands, in southern Italy and in some localities of central and northern Italy. Moreover, the area of the Salento Peninsula has also been hit by several low-energy and a few high-energy earthquakes over the last centuries; the instrumental recent seismicity is mainly concentrated in the western sector of the peninsula and in the Otranto Channel. The Salento area has also experienced destructive seismicity of neighboring regions in Italy (the Gargano Promontory in northern Apulia, the Southern Apennines chain, the Calabrian Arc) and in the Balkan Peninsula (Greece and Albania). Accordingly, a critical analysis of several documentary and historical sources, as well as of the geologic–geomorphologic ground effects due to the strong 1743 Salento earthquake, has been carried out by the authors in this paper; the final purpose has been to re-evaluate the 1743 MCS macroseismic intensities and to provide a list of newly classified localities according to the ESI-07 scale on the base of recognized Earthquake Environmental Effects. The result is a quite different damage scenario due to this earthquake that could raise the seismic potential currently recognized for the Salento area, and consequently upgrade the seismic hazard classification of the Salento. Indeed it is important to remind that currently, despite the intense earthquake activity recorded not only in the Otranto Channel, but especially in Greece and Albania, this area is classified in the least dangerous category of the Seismic Classification of the Italian territory (IV category).
相似文献10.
G. Nappi B. Capaccioni M. Mattioli E. Mancini L. Valentini 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1994,56(6-7):502-515
Stratigraphic investigations of the Vulsini Volcanic District indicate the existence of five prominent plinian fall deposits, deposited over a period of about 0.34 Ma. The oldest deposit (Basal pumices) crops out mainly in the peripheral areas and is one of the largest plinian events in the Vulsini District, with a volume of about 9 km3 and a calculated column height exceeding 30 km. Subcircular patterns of isopachs and isopleths around the Bolsena lake indicate emplacement in wind-free conditions and suggest a source vent location in the northernmost sector of the present Bolsena lake, where it is possible that an older central volcanic structure existed. The four younger plinian fall deposits are related to Bolsena activity. The oldest of these, named the Ponticello and Orvieto-Bagnoregio pumices, are mainly distributed on the north-eastern sector of the Vulsini District. Their volumes are an order of magnitude lower than that of the basal unit, and the estimated column heights do not exceed 20 km. The younger Ospedaletto pumice deposit has a NE-SW dispersal axis, whereas the youngest Casetta pumice deposit is found only in the north-eastern sector of the district. Their estimated volumes are respectively 1.2 and 0.1 km3, whereas the inferred vent areas appear to be located slightly to the east of the Ponticello and Orvieto-Bagnoregio pumice deposit source areas. The chronology of the Ospedaletto and Casetta pumices indicates that the final plinian activity from the Bolsena complex is contemporaneous with the Latera activity. The decreasing volumes from the oldest to the youngest units, together with the progressive shifting northeastwards of the source vents, may be related to the volcano-tectonic subsidence of the Bolsena area. The source vents for the post-Basal pumices events are mainly clustered just north of Bolsena village where the greatest displacement during subsidence occurred. Accordingly, source vent shifting appears to be related to the progressive opening of normal faults from the inner to the outer margin of the Bolsena depression. 相似文献