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Basil Tikoff Matthew R. Davis Christian Teyssier Michel de St. Blanquat Guillaume Habert Sven Morgan 《Tectonophysics》2005,400(1-4):209-226
The Cascade Lake shear zone occurs on the eastern margin of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite, Sierra Nevada Batholith, California. Foliation in the zone is NNW trending and subvertical, and lineation is moderately south plunging. Deformation is syn-tectonic with emplacement of the Cathedral Peak granodiorite. A deformation gradient exists toward the NE margin of this pluton, with higher strains and lower temperatures of deformation found near the contact. We compare fabric data collected very densely in this shear zone using several techniques: field fabrics, 3D orientation of K-feldspar megacrysts, and AMS (anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility) analysis. In general, the results from the three different methods are in agreement. Deformation in this shear zone is part of a larger pattern of deformation within the Cathedral Peak granodiorite, as recorded by AMS analysis, and dextral shearing associated within the last stage of plutonism within the Sierra Nevada magmatic arc. 相似文献
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Sarah J. Titus L. Gordon Medaris Jr. Herbert F. Wang Basil Tikoff 《Tectonophysics》2007,429(1-2):1-20
The Coyote Lake basalt, located near the intersection of the Hayward and Calaveras faults in central California, contains spinel peridotite xenoliths from the mantle beneath the San Andreas fault system. Six upper mantle xenoliths were studied in detail by a combination of petrologic techniques. Temperature estimates, obtained from three two-pyroxene geothermometers and the Al-in-orthopyroxene geothermometer, indicate that the xenoliths equilibrated at 970–1100 °C. A thermal model was used to estimate the corresponding depth of equilibration for these xenoliths, resulting in depths between 38 and 43 km. The lattice preferred orientation of olivine measured in five of the xenolith samples show strong point distributions of olivine crystallographic axes suggesting that fabrics formed under high-temperature conditions. Calculated seismic anisotropy values indicate an average shear wave anisotropy of 6%, higher than the anisotropy calculated from xenoliths from other tectonic environments. Using this value, the anisotropic layer responsible for fault-parallel shear wave splitting in central California is less than 100 km thick. The strong fabric preserved in the xenoliths suggests that a mantle shear zone exists below the Calaveras fault to a depth of at least 40 km, and combining xenolith petrofabrics with shear wave splitting studies helps distinguish between different models for deformation at depth beneath the San Andrea fault system. 相似文献
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F Rolandone R Burgmann D C Agnew I A Johanson D C Templeton M A d'Alessio S J Titus C DeMets B Tikoff 周平博 《国际地震动态》2010,(6):39-40
太平洋板块与希拉内华达大峡谷微板块间的相对运动大多数是通过沿圣安德烈斯断层的走向滑动来调整的。在圣安德烈斯断层中部（CSAF）,沿走向的滑动近于以无震断层蠕变的形式发生（Thatcher,1979;Titus等,2006;Rolandone等,2008;Ryder and Burgmann,2008）。 相似文献
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The Linglong granitoid complex (LGC) is composed of four major plutonic units that intruded and cooled in the Middle Jurassic
(170-155 Ma). Gravity-anomaly modeling indicates that the LGC is a sheet-like laccolith, less than 10 km thick, that dips
shallowly below the surface toward the Tancheng-Lujiang (Tan-Lu) fault, a major lithospheric structure in Eastern China. Measurements
of foliation in the field and measurements of planar and linear magnetic fabrics from the study of anisotropy of magnetic
susceptibility in the LGC indicate that foliation is dominantly shallowly dipping and magnetic lineation is mainly parallel
to the dip direction of the laccolith toward the Tan-Lu fault zone. The trend of lineations is consistent with flow of magma
up the thrust to reach shallower levels. The magma of the LGC probably originated by crustal melting within the Tan-Lu fault
zone and the emplacement of magma occurred along a shallowly-dipping thrust that drained the Tan-Lu fault zone, the mechanism
of which is mainly dike-fed model. 相似文献
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The kinematic vorticity number (Wk) can be calculated for three-dimensional as well as two-dimensional geologic deformations. For steady-state deformations, Wk can be correlated to and analyzed in terms of finite strains. The analysis shows that assumptions commonly made for two-dimensional deformations are not applicable to three-dimensional deformations. A single Wk describes an infinite number of three-dimensional deformations. Further, even knowledge of flow apophyses orientation, instantaneous stretching axes orientation, and/or Wk are not sufficient to describe deformation. Three-dimensional deformations also require knowledge of the deformation ‘type’ or boundary conditions of deformation (e.g. transpression). Hence, in addition to being difficult to estimate, the value of knowing Wk for three-dimensional deformations is greatly reduced compared with plane strain. The most useful methods of determining Wk from naturally deformed rocks are presented. 相似文献
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Michel de Saint-Blanquat Guillaume Habert Eric Horsman Sven S. Morgan Basil Tikoff Patrick Launeau Grard Gleizes 《Tectonophysics》2006,428(1-4):1-31
A new study of Black Mesa pluton (Henry Mountains, Colorado Plateau, Utah, USA) indicates that it is a classic example of a small upper-crustal pluton assembled over a few years by incremental amalgamation of discrete magma pulses. The results of our petrostructural study of the pluton interior allow us to constrain the geometry, kinematics and timing of the processes. The symmetric internal fabric is interpreted as an evidence for a feeding by below and not laterally. The observed rotation of the lineation, from WNW–ESE on the very top to NNE–SSW below, lead us to propose that the fabric at the base of the pluton is a record of magma infilling process, and the fabric at the very top is a record of the strain due to the relative movement between magma and wallrocks. A consequence is that except at the contact between pluton and wallrocks (top and margins), the stretching direction, recorded by the lineation, is not parallel to the flow direction of the magma i.e. displacement. The Black Mesa pluton is a sheeted laccolith on its western edge and a bysmalith on its eastern edge. This E–W asymmetry in pluton geometry/construction and the symmetrical internal fabric indicates that the apparently different west and east growth histories could have occurred simultaneously. Our field data indicate pluton growth through an asymmetric vertical stacking of sill-like horizontal magma sheets.One-dimensional thermal models of the pluton provide maximum limits on the duration of its growth. We have constrained the number, the thickness, and the frequency of magma pulses with our structural observations, including: (1) the emplacement of the pluton by under-accretion of successive magma pulses, (2) the absence of solid-state deformation textures at internal contacts, and (3) the apparent absence of significant recrystallization in the wallrocks. Our results suggest that the emplacement of the Black Mesa pluton was an extremely rapid event, with a maximum duration on the order of 100 years, which requires a minimum vertical displacement rate of the wallrocks immediately above the pluton greater than 2 m/yr. Finally, our data show that the rates of plutonic and volcanic processes could be similar, a significant result for interpretation of magma transfer in arc systems. 相似文献
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山东玲珑花岗质岩体侵位机制 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
玲珑花岗质复式岩体位于山东半岛西北部,为一著名的中侏罗世侵入岩体．重力异常的反演模拟证明该岩体为一席状岩基,厚度小于 １０ ｋｍ,缓倾于中国东部郯庐断裂带之下．由野外面理研究和岩体磁各向异性的研究所获得的磁面理与磁线理资料表明,面理在岩体中部主要是缓倾斜的,磁线理主要是平行于朝着郯庐断裂的岩体的倾向分布,线理的定向是岩浆在沿边掩断层流动升到浅部的过程中形成的．据推断玲珑复式岩体可能是郯庐断裂内地壳局部熔融而成的,岩浆沿一条缓倾斜的部庐分支断裂而向上侵位,以张性岩墙扩展式为其主要的侵位机制． 相似文献
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Pull-apart formation and strike-slip partitioning in an obliquely divergent setting, Leka Ophiolite, Norway 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Leka Ophiolite Complex (LOC) is located on the island of Leka, Norway, and belongs to the Uppermost Allochthon of the Scandinavian Caledonides. The rocks of the adjacent mainland and most of the surrounding islands are basement gneisses and supracrustal rocks not related to the ophiolite complex. Paleostress analysis, gravity inversion, and regional geology support a fault-bounded rhombochasm geometry for the LOC. The paleostress inversions revealed two types of tensors, interpreted as small strains: (1) horizontal extension, generally E–W to NE–SW, and (2) horizontal extension in the same direction with an added component of perpendicular horizontal contraction. A strong positive gravity anomaly (25 mGal) is centered on Leka, and gravity inversion indicates that the LOC lies directly below its surface exposures with steep-sided walls and a flat bottom located at 7 km depth. The faults bounding the LOC probably initiated during postorogenic extension in the Scandinavian Caledonides. The faults are regional in scale and are parallel to other NE–SW trending en echelon faults along the Norwegian coastline and on the adjacent mainland.A pull-apart structure explains the down-dropping and subsequent preservation of the LOC, as it is surrounded by rocks from lower structural positions within the nappe stack. The paleostress directions from Leka support a sinistral component of shear along these faults. The gravity inversion is consistent with a fault-bounded geometry. This pull-apart structure, as uniquely recorded by the dense ophiolitic rocks, suggests that strike-slip partitioning was active in an obliquely divergent setting. 相似文献
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