Quick-look assessments to identify optimal CO2 EOR storage sites   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Vanessa Núñez-López  Mark H. Holtz  Derek J. Wood  William A. Ambrose  Susan D. Hovorka 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(8):1695-1706

A newly developed, multistage quick-look methodology allows for the efficient screening of an unmanageably large number of reservoirs to generate a workable set of sites that closely match the requirements for optimal CO₂ enhanced oil recovery (EOR) storage. The objective of the study is to quickly identify miscible CO₂ EOR candidates in areas that contain thousands of reservoirs and to estimate additional oil recovery and sequestration capacities of selected top options through dimensionless modeling and reservoir characterization. Quick-look assessments indicate that the CO₂ EOR resource potential along the US Gulf Coast is 4.7 billion barrels, and CO₂ sequestration capacity is 2.6 billion metric tons. In the first stage, oil reservoirs are screened and ranked in terms of technical and practical feasibility for miscible CO₂ EOR. The second stage provides quick estimates of CO₂ EOR potential and sequestration capacities. In the third stage, a dimensionless group model is applied to a selected set of sites to improve the estimates of oil recovery and storage potential using appropriate inputs for rock and fluid properties, disregarding reservoir architecture and sweep design. The fourth stage validates and refines the results by simulating flow in a model that describes the internal architecture and fluid distribution in the reservoir. The stated approach both saves time and allows more resources to be applied to the best candidate sites.  相似文献   

The University of Durham Southern Hemisphere VHE gamma ray telescope     

K. T. Brazier  A. Carramiñana  P. M. Chadwick  T. R. Currell  N. A. Dipper  E. W. Lincoln  V. G. Mannings  T. J. L. McComb  K. J. Orford  S. M. Rayner  K. E. Turver 《Experimental Astronomy》1989,1(2):77-99

The design of very high energy (VHE) gamma ray telescopes is discussed and it is shown that a triple-mirror telescope operating in threefold fast coincidence provides an effective instrument. The design, construction and operation of a large VHE gamma ray telescope with an energy threshold of 300 GeV (at the zenith) and incorporating several novel features is described. The use of a coincidence guard ring technique is shown to result in the rejection of about 50% of the off-source (proton) events which form a high background and limit the sensitivity of such telescopes.  相似文献   

Sensitivity of a physically based method for terrain interpolation to initial conditions and its conditioning on stream location     

Salvatore Grimaldi  Vanessa Teles  Rafael L. Bras 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2004,29(5):587-597

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Stability analysis of tunnels driven in jointed rocks by means of a homogenized limit analysis approach     

Samir Maghous  José E. B. Winiawer  Vanessa F. Pasa Dutra 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2014,38(18):2009-2032

Conceived as a potential alternative to the classical design methods employed for analyzing the stability of underground structures driven in jointed rocks, the homogenization approach stems from the heuristic idea that, from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass cut by a network of joints may be perceived as a homogenized continuum. The strength properties of the latter can be theoretically obtained from the failure conditions of its individual constituents: rock matrix and joint interfaces. At the material level, the limit analysis reasoning is used in the context of homogenization to formulate the homogenized strength criterion of a jointed rock mass in the particular situation of a single set of parallel joints. As it could be expected, the obtained closed‐form expressions show the strength anisotropy induced by joint preferential orientation. The support functions (π functions) associated with the homogenized strength criterion are also determined in both plane strain and three‐dimensional cases. This criterion is then applied to the investigation of stability analysis of a tunnel excavated in a jointed rock mass. Upper bounds estimated of the stability factor are derived from the implementation of the kinematic approach directly on the homogenized underground structure. Finally, the approach is applied to analyze and discuss the collapse of the Pinheiros subway station (São Paulo, Brazil). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

User expectations for multibeam echo sounders backscatter strength data-looking back into the future     

Vanessa Lucieer  Marc Roche  Koen Degrendele  Mashkoor Malik  Margaret Dolan  Geoffroy Lamarche 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2018,39(1-2):23-40

With the ability of multibeam echo sounders (MBES) to measure backscatter strength (BS) as a function of true angle of insonification across the seafloor, came a new recognition of the potential of backscatter measurements to remotely characterize the properties of the seafloor. Advances in transducer design, digital electronics, signal processing capabilities, navigation, and graphic display devices, have improved the resolution and particularly the dynamic range available to sonar and processing software manufacturers. Alongside these improvements the expectations of what the data can deliver has also grown. In this paper, we identify these user-expectations and explore how MBES backscatter is utilized by different communities involved in marine seabed research at present, and the aspirations that these communities have for the data in the future. The results presented here are based on a user survey conducted by the GeoHab (Marine Geological and Biological Habitat Mapping) association. This paper summarises the different processing procedures employed to extract useful information from MBES backscatter data and the various intentions for which the user community collect the data. We show how a range of backscatter output products are generated from the different processing procedures, and how these results are taken up by different scientific disciplines, and also identify common constraints in handling MBES BS data. Finally, we outline our expectations for the future of this unique and important data source for seafloor mapping and characterisation.  相似文献   

The Callander (Auchenlaich) moraine: A new site report for the Western Highland Boundary block of the Quaternary of Scotland Geological Conservation Review (GCR)     

John Lowe  Vanessa Brazier 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):24-33

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On the concept of delivery of sediment and nutrients to stream channels     

Keith Beven  Louise Heathwaite  Phil Haygarth  Des Walling  Rich Brazier  Paul Withers 《水文研究》2005,19(2):551-556

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Social capital,individual responses to heat waves and climate change adaptation: An empirical study of two UK cities     

Johanna Wolf  W. Neil Adger  Irene Lorenzoni  Vanessa Abrahamson  Rosalind Raine 《Global Environmental Change》2010,20(1):44-52

It has been claimed that high social capital contributes to both positive public health outcomes and to climate change adaptation. Strong social networks have been said to support individuals and collective initiatives of adaptation and enhance resilience. As a result, there is an expectation that social capital could reduce vulnerability to risks from the impacts of climate change in the health sector. This paper examines evidence on the role social networks play in individuals’ responses to heat wave risk in a case study in the UK. Based on interviews with independently living elderly people and their primary social contacts in London and Norwich, we suggest that strong bonding networks could potentially exacerbate rather than reduce the vulnerability of elderly people to the effects of heat waves. Most respondents interviewed did not feel that heat waves posed a significant risk to them personally, and most said that they would be able to cope with hot weather. Bonding networks could perpetuate rather than challenge these narratives and therefore contribute to vulnerability rather than ameliorating it. These results suggest a complex rather than uniformly positive relationship between social capital, health and adaptation to climate change.  相似文献   

A perspective on the role of lowland,agricultural grasslands in contributing to erosion and water quality problems in the UK     

R. E. Brazier  G. S. Bilotta  P. M. Haygarth 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2007,32(6):964-967

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Implications of model uncertainty for the mapping of hillslope‐scale soil erosion predictions     

Richard E. Brazier  Keith J. Beven  Steven G. Anthony  John S. Rowan 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2001,26(12):1333-1352

An integrated modelling approach (MIRSED) which utilizes the process‐based soil erosion model WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) is presented for the assessment of hillslope‐scale soil erosion at five sites throughout England and Wales. The methodology draws upon previous uncertainty analysis of the WEPP hillslope soil erosion model by the authors to qualify model results within an uncertainty framework. A method for incorporating model uncertainty from a range of sources is discussed as a first step towards using and learning from results produced through the GLUE (Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation) technique. Results are presented and compared to available observed data, which illustrate that levels of uncertainty are significant and must be taken into account if a meaningful understanding of output from models such as WEPP is to be achieved. Furthermore, the collection of quality, observed data is underlined for two reasons: as an essential tool in the development of soil erosion modelling and also to allow further constraint of model uncertainty. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献