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Dou Jie Yunus Ali P. Xu Yueren Zhu Zhongfan Chen Chi-Wen Sahana Mehebub Khosravi Khabat Yang Yong Pham Binh Thai 《Natural Hazards》2019,97(2):579-609
Natural Hazards - This study investigated the characteristics of rainfall-triggered landslides during the Typhoon Bilis in the Dongjiang Reservoir Watershed, China. The comparative shallow... 相似文献
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2012年7月21日,北京西南及河北北部发生特大暴雨,造成巨大财产损失和人员伤亡.利用暴雨前后的2012年05月、2012年10月、2013年10月3个时相的国产高分辨率卫星数据,分析特大暴雨与地表水体空间分布的关系、分析人类工程活动对水体分布的影响,对认识此次暴雨的成灾规律及制定有效的减灾措施有重要意义.研究发现:1)研究区的水体面积在暴雨后达67.59 km2,是暴雨前的1.84倍,拒马河和大石河出山口河段的水体面积暴雨后较暴雨前分别增加2.36倍和2.45倍,水体的个数分别由暴雨前的122个和22个,增加到暴雨后的435个和88个,反映了暴雨前后地表水体的显著差异,但是灾后2013年与2012年相比,水体的数量和面积变化均较小;2)暴雨后地表积水规模与空间分布极不均衡,其发展变化与人类活动关系密切.研究表明,利用国产高分辨率卫星数据可以有效用于地表水体变化的动态研究中,可为这一地区的灾后规划与重建提供技术参考. 相似文献
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2008年5月12日汶川（31.0°N,103.4°E）MS8.0大地震发生在中国地壳运动观测网络区域网GPS观测站相当密集的地区．1000个站的GPS 非连续观测区域网分别在1999,2001,2004年和2007年作了4次观测．震前区域网GPS观测站得到的水平位移表明,汶川大地震主要力源是印度板块向北对中国大陆的挤压,但同时也受到东部与南部板块的挤压．与其它地区相比,震前震中附近水平位移最显著的特点是,汶川地震发生在南北地震带上位移分叉部位,即震中北部明显向东北位移,震中南部明显向东南位移,而震中附近的水平位移则明显小于其北面和南面的水平位移．简要讨论了应变计算结果的精度．为获取地震前的异常信息,分别采用趋势曲面拟合和统计方法研究了汶川地震前（1999—2007年）区域网的应变积累,寻找震中的大致区域．除了2001年昆仑山口西大地震震中及其周围地区外,1999—2007年震前区域网的应变积累的趋势曲面拟合表明,汶川地震发生在中国大陆第一剪应变积累大、范围最广的区域的东侧,且在此区域内积累较大的面压缩区的东北边缘．应变分量的统计分析表明,震前其分布在此区域及其附近同样有明显的异常,剪应变和面膨胀积累均增强． 相似文献
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Xu Yueren Zhang Yanbo Liu Runchao Li Wenqiao Zhang Weiheng Du Peng Tian Qinjian 《Landslides》2022,19(1):155-164
During the Maduo Earthquake (MDEq) (Mw 7.3), which occurred on 22 May 2021 in the northern Tibetan Plateau, coseismic surface ruptures, numerous land liquefaction instances and landslides, were triggered along the NW strike of the?~?160 km long aftershock zone. We performed three times emergency field surveys (22 May to 3 Jun., 28 Jun. to 14 Jul., 8–24 Oct., 2021) with unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) orthophoto and digital elevation model (DEM) data. We found a discontinuous coseismic surface rupture zone along with loose sediment, severe sand liquefaction regions with an area of?~?103 km2 along the Yellow River and its tributaries. More than 23 coseismic landslides had been checked with relative small-size volume for limited local terrain relief. Three of those landslides had relatively small source areas and volumes and affected relatively large areas. We identified numerous tension cracks in and around the trailing edges, which could trigger more landslides in the future. Further detailed research into the occurrence of these three landslides will reveal the failure mechanism of the earthquake (shaking)–freeze–thaw effect–rainfall disaster chain. Here, we present basic information to aid the overall understanding of the preliminary characteristics of coseismic earthquake-triggered landslides, sand liquefaction, and possible follow-up disasters.
相似文献7.
在区域地质构造调查、地球物理资料和遥感解译基础上,采用钻探、槽探、14C年代学测试等方法,对伊通-舒兰断裂带四平段NE向隐伏断层的时代、性质及构造意义进行探讨。结果表明：1）四平段断裂主要发育于上更新统长英质（含角砾）砂岩层内部,为逆冲推覆断层;2）槽探与钻孔揭露的耕土层、粘土层、泥质砂岩层和长英质（含角砾）砂岩层AMS14C测年结果分别为－70~6 270 BP、60~7 780 BP、110~21 780 BP和11 740~26 100 BP,断层活动年代总体应归属为前第四纪（＞26 100 BP）;3）结合区域岩浆构造与地震事件可知,本次揭露的NE向隐伏断裂带可能形成于晚更新世。 相似文献
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A complete landslide inventory and attribute database is the importantly fundamental for the study of the earthquake-induced landslide. Substantial landslides were triggered by the MW7.9 Wenchuan earthquake on May 12th, 2008. Google Earth images of pre- and post-earthquakes show that 52 194 co-seismic landslides were recognized and mapped, with a total landslides area of 1 021 km2.Based on the statistics,we assigned all landslide parameters and established the co-seismic landslides database, which includes area, length, and width of landslides, elevation of the scarp top and foot edge, and the top and bottom elevations of each located slope. Finally, the spatial distribution and the above attribute parameters of landslides were analyzed. The results show that the spatial distribution of the co-seismic landslides is extremely uneven. The landslides that mainly occur in a rectangular area (a width of 30 km of the hanging wall of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault and a length of 120 km between Yingxiu and Beichuan) are obviously controlled by surface rupture, terrain, and peak ground acceleration. Meanwhile, a large number of small landslides (individual landslide area less than 10 000 m2)contribute less to the total landslides area. The number of landslides larger than 10 000 m2 accounts for 38.7% of the total number of co-seismic landslides, while the area of those landslides account for 88% of the total landslides area. The 52 194 co-seismic landslides are caused by bedrock collapse that usually consists of three parts:source area, transport area, and accumulation area. However, based on the area-volume power-law relationship, the resulting regional landslide volume may be much larger than the true landslide volume if the landslide volume is calculated using the influenced area from each landslide. 相似文献
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The quantitative calculation of the volume of large earthquake-triggered landslides and related dammed lake sediments is of great significance in the study of secondary disasters and focal parameters of strong historical earthquakes. In this study, the dammed lake induced by Qishan M7 earthquake (Lingtai County, Gansu Province, Northwest China) is selected as the research object. Based on the information collected from the 4 boreholes in the dammed lake area, we further take advantage of the low-level Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and the morphology recovery method,to calculate the volume of the dammed lake and landslides, respectively. Finally, major conclusions are obtained as follows:① the AMS-14C age at the bottom of the Qiuzigou Dammed Lake sediments is 2 890±30 BP, which coincides with the 780 BC Qishan earthquake; furthermore, the Qiuzigou Landslides seem to have been triggered by the earthquake, forming an enclosed dammed lake deposition environment after the upstream sediments accumulate;② the Qiuzigou landslides are opposite-sliding landslides that have blocked the river valley; in detail, landslide volumes at the right and left banks are 235×104 m3 and 229×104 m3, respectively. The length of the dammed lake is 2.6 km, with a thickness of approximately 43 m near the landslides, and the total sedimentary volume is 573×104 m3; ③the erosion rate of Qiuzigou Landslide Dammed Lake is 0.44 mm/a, the accumulation rate is 15.05 mm/a, and the soil erosion modulus is 593 t/(km2/a), characterized as slight erosion. Quantitative research on the formation of landslides and dammed lakes from strong historical earthquakes is vital for increasing our understanding of the vibrational characteristics and surface action processes of these types of earthquakes. 相似文献
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赵岳仁 《成都信息工程学院学报》1993,(3)
盛夏季节,宜宾雷暴的形成主要与对流层内高温高湿、风及其在对流层的中上部垂直切变小的特点相关联。西宁雷暴的形成主要与上层为深厚的干冷、下层为浅薄的暖湿、对流层的中上层风及其垂直切变大的特点相关联。分析又得到以下结论:西宁雷暴的形成又与高空冷空气加强南移、副热带急流南侧反气旋式切变得到加强和高空出现辐散相关联。 相似文献