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作者对103例经病理证实的肺癌作了 CT 与普通 X 线对照分析.其中中心型肺癌64例,周围型肺癌39例.对于肺癌所具有的 X 线征象如分叶、胸膜凹陷等 CT 均能显示.对肿块边缘及瘤体内部结构如棘状突起、空洞、钙化等的观察更佳.据统计48%的周围型肺癌有数条致密索条影引流向肺门,这是诊断肺癌的重要征象.CT 对肺门块及支气管狭窄阻塞后的并发症的显示明显优于普通 X 线的显示,同时对肺门、纵隔、胸膜、肺的转移显示亦较 X 线易于早期发现,对判断肺癌的分期,制定治疗方案及预后均有很大帮助. 相似文献
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Soil humic carbon is an important component of soil organic carbon(SOC) in terrestrial ecosystems. However, no study to date has investigated its geographical patterns and the main factors that influence it at a large scale, despite the fact that it is critical for exploring the influence of climate change on soil C storage and turnover. We measured levels of SOC, humic acid carbon(HAC), fulvic acid carbon(FAC), humin carbon(HUC), and extractable humus carbon(HEC) in the 0–10 cm soil layer in nine typical forests along the 3800-km North-South Transect of Eastern China(NSTEC) to elucidate the latitudinal patterns of soil humic carbon fractions and their main influencing factors. SOC, HAC, FAC, HUC, and HEC increased with increasing latitude(all P0.001), and exhibited a general trend of tropical subtropical temperate. The ratios of humic C fractions to SOC were 9.48%–12.27%(HAC), 20.68%–29.31%(FAC), and 59.37%–61.38%(HUC). Climate, soil texture, and soil microbes jointly explained more than 90% of the latitudinal variation in SOC, HAC, FAC, HEC, and HUC, and interactive effects were important. These findings elucidate latitudinal patterns of soil humic C fractions in forests at a large scale, and may improve models of soil C turnover and storage. 相似文献
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为了利用Seonggyu Park和Ryan T.Bailey的SWAT-MODFLOW耦合程序实现地表、地下不同范围模型耦合,同时探究耦合程序输出的以SWAT计算的地下水补给量和以MODFLOW网格计算的补给量之间的差异,以及耦合程序在有关地表地下水研究上的优势。本文以该耦合程序示例模型美国佐治亚州南部小河流域(LRW)为例,选取模型中SWAT划分的104号子流域为边界,用GMS10.4建立地下水流模型,最后将地下水流模型和原SWAT模型进行耦合。研究结果表明:(1)耦合程序能实现以地表分水岭自然边界为范围的SWAT模型与以子流域为边界的小范围MODFLOW模型的耦合,但由于地下水流模型网格边界和子流域边界不能完全匹配,导致MODFLOW以网格计算的地下水降雨补给量和SWAT统计的地下水降雨补给量存在差异,误差随网格变小而变小;(2)耦合后各均衡项发生了变化,河道对地下水的总补给量变为耦合前的15.25%,地下水向河道的总排泄量比耦合前多19.29%,总降雨补给比耦合前多17.07%,总蒸发量是耦合前的3.08倍。经过研究发现耦合模型能更准确的模拟地表地下水文过程,反映降水与地下水、... 相似文献
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