Sea surface wind and Sea ice in the Barents Sea using microwave sensing data from Meteor-M N1 and GCOM-W1 satellites in January–March 2013     

L. M. Mitnik  M. L. Mitnik  G. M. Chernyavsky  I. V. Cherny  A. V. Vykochko  M. K. Pichugin  E. V. Zabolotskikh 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2016,52(9):1041-1050

Application of satellite passive microwave sensing for the retrieval of key climatic parameters in the Barents Sea is considered. Fields of surface wind, atmosphere water vapor content and cloud liquid water content were found from MTVZA-GY radiometer onboard the Meteor-M N1 satellite and AMSR2 onboard the GCOM-W1 satellite with the use of original algorithms. The fields are in a good agreement with the ancillary remote and in situ measurements, which follows from the analysis of the evolution of the extra tropical and polar cyclones and cold air outbreaks with storm winds leading to intense air-sea interaction, and the formation and drift of sea ice.  相似文献   

Absolute Calibration of the MTVZA-GY Microwave Radiometer Atmospheric Sounding Channels     

Uspensky  A. B.  Asmus  V. V.  Kozlov  A. A.  Kramchaninova  E.  Streltsov  A. M.  Chernyavsky  G. Ya.  Cherny  I. V. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2017,53(9):1192-1204

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The microwave MTVZA-GY imager/sounder is one of the key instruments onboard the Meteor-M N2 satellite (launched in July, 2014). The MTVZA-GY data...  相似文献   

Oxygen isotope biogeochemistry of pore water sulfate in the deep biosphere: Dominance of isotope exchange reactions with ambient water during microbial sulfate reduction (ODP Site 1130)     

Ulrich G. Wortmann  Boris Chernyavsky  Benjamin Brunner  Peter K. Swart 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2007,71(17):4221-4232

Microbially mediated sulfate reduction affects the isotopic composition of dissolved and solid sulfur species in marine sediments. Experiments and field data show that the composition is also modified in the presence of sulfate-reducing microorganisms. This has been attributed either to a kinetic isotope effect during the reduction of sulfate to sulfite, cell-internal exchange reactions between enzymatically-activated sulfate (APS), and/or sulfite with cytoplasmic water. The isotopic fingerprint of these processes may be further modified by the cell-external reoxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur, and the subsequent disproportionation to sulfide and sulfate or by the oxidation of sulfite to sulfate. Here we report values from interstitial water samples of ODP Leg 182 (Site 1130) and provide the mathematical framework to describe the oxygen isotope fractionation of sulfate during microbial sulfate reduction. We show that a purely kinetic model is unable to explain our data, and that the data are well explained by a model using oxygen isotope exchange reactions. We propose that the oxygen isotope exchange occurs between APS and cytoplasmic water, and/or between sulfite and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) during APS formation. Model calculations show that cell external reoxidation of reduced sulfur species would require up to 3000 mol/m³ of an oxidant at ODP Site 1130, which is incompatible with the sediment geochemical data. In addition, we show that the volumetric fluxes required to explain the observed data are on average 14 times higher than the volumetric sulfate reduction rates (SRR) obtained from inverse modeling of the porewater data. The ratio between the gross sulfate flux into the microbes and the net sulfate flux through the microbes is depth invariant, and independent of sulfide concentrations. This suggests that both fluxes are controlled by cell density and that cell-specific sulfate reduction rates remain constant with depth.  相似文献