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For spatial analyses, raster land cover/use maps are converted into points, where each point holds attribute of its corresponding land cover/use. However, these are not identical in terms of areas or shapes; thus assigning a point to each isolated shape is not an adequate solution and for that gridding is suggested. Square, hexagon and triangle are among the basic land use gridding systems where each of them has its own advantages in such process. This research aims to compare the systems in providing accurate representations of the original land cover/use maps, assess the data loss while increasing resolution and suggest suitable gridding system. The research finds the errors in area and feature numbers as criteria for selected classes. Modules that find out errors in each scale considering each criterion and class alone are proposed. The modules suggest both the best system for each criterion alone and for combined criteria. 相似文献
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西昆仑大红柳滩岩体地质和地球化学特征及对岩石成因的制约 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
新疆西昆仑康西瓦断裂带南缘的巴颜喀拉褶断带中分布着中生代三十里营房-泉水沟岩浆岩带,该带中最典型的岩体即为大红柳滩岩体,其主要岩性为中细粒二长花岗岩。结合锆石阴极发光图像(CL)和U、Th元素特征,通过SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,获得大红柳滩二长花岗岩体的年龄为220±2.2~217.4±2.2 Ma,时代属晚三叠世(T3)。二长花岗岩含石榴子石和电气石,具有高硅(SiO2为71.77%~74.20%)、富碱(Na2O+K2O为6.18%~8.02%)、富钾(K2O为3.03%~5.30%)、铝饱和指数较高(A/CNK介于1.20~1.59)的典型特点,属高钾钙碱性过铝质系列。岩石相对富集轻稀土且轻重稀土元素分馏明显(LREE/HREE为10.21~11.82,(La/Yb)N为24.06~31.65),具有强烈的铕负异常(δEu为0.25~0.44);明显富集Ta、Hf等高场强元素及Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,而贫Ba、Sr、Ti、Nb、Zr等元素,显示经历了较高程度的分异演化(分异指数DI平均89.40%),综合矿物组合和地球化学特征的判别表明,大红柳滩岩体属于高分异的S型花岗岩,是同碰撞背景下壳源物质部分熔融的产物。根据岩体的成因类型并结合区域构造环境演化,分析认为晚三叠世随着古特提斯洋向北消减直至最终闭合,构造应力由俯冲作用转化为碰撞挤压作用环境时形成了大红柳滩岩体,表明该区在晚三叠世已进入陆-陆碰撞造山的构造演化阶段。 相似文献
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海岛海岸带地区,地理位置特殊,不便地形测量;对该区域进行航空遥感测量时,由于区域内大部分为低纹理地区,进行同名点匹配有困难,且不易进行野外控制点加密测量。机载(LIDAR)因其发射的激光脉冲能部分地穿透树林遮挡,具有一定的透水性能,能获得滩涂地区的高程,并且其系统配备的全球定位系统(GPS)和惯性测量系统(INS),使其定位精度得到很好的保证。文中选用胶州湾沿岸为试验区域,采用Leica公司的ALS70在低潮时进行测区的数据获取,并对结果进行精度分析,得出在该区域采用机载激光扫描系统ALS70进行无野外控制点加密的航空遥感,成果精度能满足1∶5 000比例尺测图的需要。 相似文献
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The estimation of oil spill coverage is an important part of monitoring of oil spills at sea.The spatial resolution of images collected by airborne hyper-spectral remote sensing limits both the detection of oil spills and the accuracy of estimates of their size.We consider at-sea oil spills with zonal distribution in this paper and improve the traditional independent component analysis algorithm.For each independent component we added two constraint conditions:non-negativity and constant sum.We use priority weighting by higher-order statistics,and then the spectral angle match method to overcome the order nondeterminacy.By these steps,endmembers can be extracted and abundance quantified simultaneously.To examine the coverage of a real oil spill and correct our estimate,a simulation experiment and a real experiment were designed using the algorithm described above.The result indicated that,for the simulation data,the abundance estimation error is 2.52% and minimum root mean square error of the reconstructed image is 0.030 6.We estimated the oil spill rate and area based on eight hyper-spectral remote sensing images collected by an airborne survey of Shandong Changdao in 2011.The total oil spill area was 0.224 km~2,and the oil spill rate was 22.89%.The method we demonstrate in this paper can be used for the automatic monitoring of oil spill coverage rates.It also allows the accurate estimation of the oil spill area. 相似文献
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针对传统LiDAR测深波形拟合算法受噪声干扰严重、对微弱回波信号及复杂波形拟合不准确的问题,提出一种基于广义高斯模型的波形拟合算法。首先通过计算滤波前后尾段波形的差异估计波形的噪声;然后利用广义高斯模型提取海面与海底反射信号分量,并对剩余信号进行迭代拟合;最后利用LM算法对参数进行优化,并对优化后的参数进行约束,避免冗余分量。采用南海实测数据进行验证,该算法拟合微弱回波及复杂波形能力强,不论在浅水(回波发生叠加)还是深水,其拟合精度均优于传统算法,具有良好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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JI Guangrong SUN Jie ZHAO Wencang ZHANG Hande 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(2):169-173
This paper proposes a red tide monitoring method based on clustering and modular neural networks. To obtain the features of red tide from a mass of aerial remote sensing hyperspectral data, first the Log Residual Correction （LRC） is used to normalize the data, and then clustering analysis is adopted to select and form the training samples for the neural networks. For rapid monitoring, the discriminator is composed of modular neural networks, whose structure and learning parameters are determined by an Adaptive Genetic Algorithm （AGA）. The experiments showed that this method can monitor red tide rapidly and effectively. 相似文献
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In order to determine wave transformations in an elongated bay, a numerical solution was used to interpret yearlong records of bottom pressure and wind velocity obtained at the mouth and head of Concepción Bay, on the Gulf of California side of the Baja California peninsula. Observed wind waves were predominantly produced by southeastward winds in the winter and north–northwestward winds in the summer. Typical mean wave periods at the bay entrance were between 3 and 5 s. In contrast, the waves at the head of the bay had predominant periods <3 s. The energetic long-period swell waves were dissipated somewhere in the bay as they were not observed at the head of the bay. This study centered in identifying the effects that caused swell waves to attenuate in the bay. The ‘Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN)’ model was used to determine the cause for such wave attenuation. Model results showed that swell waves were attenuated because of the combined effects of bottom friction, wave breaking, whitecapping, refraction and wave blocking by the coastline. Most of the attenuation (close to 90%), however, was caused by wave blocking owing to the change of coastline orientation of the bay. This wave blocking mechanism should therefore be explored further in embayments of complex coastline morphology. 相似文献
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