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Journal of Geographical Sciences - Understanding biogeographic patterns and the mechanisms underlying them has been a main issue in macroecology and biogeography, and has implications for... 相似文献
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春季水华对南黄海总溶解态无机砷生物地球化学行为的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)对2007年3月30日至4月23日南黄海海域总溶解态无机砷(TDIAs,[TDIAs]=[As5+]+[As3+])的含量进行了测定,其中针对水华中心区域(BM1站)进行了25h的连续观测,以探讨春季水华对有毒类金属元素砷的生物地球化学行为的影响。结果表明,TDIAs的浓度范围为7.9~22.3nmol/L,平均值为(17.8±1.9)nmol/L。TDIAs在南黄海的分布主要表现为由近岸向外海逐渐升高的趋势,最大值出现在南部海域底层海水中。近岸海域表、底层TDIAs的含量相当,而中、南部海域由于存在明显的密度跃层,表、底层TDIAs的浓度具有显著性差异。2007年3月31日至4月1日研究区域西南部受到沙尘天气和降雨的影响,表层海水中TDIAs的含量显著升高。研究区域中、南部海域在观测期间暴发了典型的黄海春季水华,通过大面观测和对重点区域的连续观测可以发现,水华期间TDIAs的分布和磷酸盐类似,与Chl a呈现出较好的负相关关系(r=0.51,P0.05,n=39)。经初步计算,浮游植物水华对10m以上表层水体中TDIAs的清除量约为2.4nmol/L,占表层保有量的15%左右。通过箱式模型计算得出黄海TDIAs的停留时间约为(18.2±8.5)a,远远低于大洋。通过对该海域砷、磷摩尔比值的计算可以发现,南黄海砷、磷摩尔比值约为大洋中的20倍左右,这可能会引起浮游生物对砷酸盐的大量吸收和转化,从而带来潜在的生态危机,需要引起足够的重视。 相似文献
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Understanding biogeographic patterns and the mechanisms underlying them has been a main issue in macroecology and biogeography, and has implications for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem sustainability. Evergreen broad-leaved woody plants(EBWPs) are important components of numerous biomes and are the main contributors to the flora south of 35°N in China. We calculated the grid cell values of species richness(SR) for a total of 6265 EBWP species in China, including its four growth-forms(i.e., tree, shrub, vine, and bamboo), and estimated their phylogenetic structure using the standardized phylogenetic diversity(SPD) and net relatedness index(NRI). Then we linked the three biogeographical patterns that were observed with each single environmental variable representing the current climate, the last glacial maximum(LGM)–present climate variability, and habitat heterogeneity, using ordinary least squares regression with a modified t-test to account for spatial autocorrelation. The partial regression method based on a general linear model was used to decompose the contributions of current and historical environmental factors to the biogeographical patterns observed. The results showed that most regions with high numbers of EBWP species and phylogenetic diversity were distributed in tropical and subtropical mountains with evergreen shrubs extending to Northeast China. Current mean annual precipitation was the best single predictor. Topographic variation and its effect on temperature variation was the best single predictor for SPD and NRI. Partial regression indicated that the current climate dominated the SR patterns of Chinese EBWPs. The effect of paleo-climate variation on SR patterns mostly overlapped with that of the current climate. In contrast, the phylogenetic structure represented by SPD and NRI was constrained by paleo-climate to much larger extents than diversity, which was reflected by the LGM–present climate variation and topog-raphy-derived habitat heterogeneity in China. Our study highlights the importance of embedding multiple dimensions of biodiversity into a temporally hierarchical framework for understanding the biogeographical patterns, and provides important baseline information for predicting shifts in plant diversity under climate change. 相似文献
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大柴旦温泉沟泉水作为柴达木盆地出露的典型富矿水体,对于揭示柴达木盆地成盐、成矿至关重要。为了研究泉水的地球化学成因,开展了热泉水、冷泉水和八里沟河流水体的元素和氢氧同位素地球化学研究及其对比分析,并结合区域地质构造特征对其水体的来源、水文过程形成了较为细化的新认识:温泉沟的泉水来源于冰雪融水,而与雨水关系不大;八里沟水体相对富集B、Li,且具有类似于泉水的地球化学特征,推断其成因与断裂带密切相关。对于岩浆水与泉水的关系,需要进一步开展研究。 相似文献
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河南宝天曼化香林特征及物种多样性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据10块样地的野外调查材料,对河南宝天曼化香林的土壤性质、植物区系成分、群落外貌、群落结构以及物种多样性特征进行了初步分析。结果表明:(1)化香林土壤较贫瘠,区系组成较丰富,其属的分布类型以温带性质的属最多,热带性质的属也占一定比例;(2)化香林的生活型以高位芽为主,叶级谱中以中型叶为主;(3)化香林的垂直结构可分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层,亦有少量的层间植物;(4)化香林的优势种显著,群落物种的丰富度、多样性、均匀度指数的总趋势为灌木层>草本层>乔木层,但在海拔梯度上的分布并未表现出明显的规律性。 相似文献
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为了探讨塔里木北缘构造岩浆演化,采用锆石年代学、岩石地球化学方法对柯坪辉绿岩进行研究。LA‐ICP‐MS锆石U‐Pb结果表明其为中‐晚三叠世岩浆活动的产物。辉绿岩SiO2含量为45.68%~46.97%、TiO2为3.98%~4.03%、Al2O3为14.81%~14.90%、K2O/Na2O为0.39~0.42,属于高钾碱性系列。微量元素特征表明,有微弱的Ce负异常(δCe=0.95~0.99),Eu异常不明显(δEu=0.98~1.00),总体富集大离子亲石元素和LREE,高场强元素相对亏损。柯坪辉绿岩、阿图什辉绿岩与柯坪玄武岩、巴楚辉绿岩等具有相似的源区和一致的构造背景,均为拉张背景下形成,但却分属不同的构造事件。研究表明早石炭世南天山洋闭合,晚石炭世—早二叠世柯坪地区为塔里木北缘的具有前陆盆地性质的残留海盆,受地幔柱影响柯坪—巴楚地区出现大规模岩浆活动。二叠纪之后塔里木北缘为后碰撞伸展背景。三叠纪南天山—塔里木北缘为拉伸走滑的构造背景,本文的辉绿岩,正是在这种背景下形成的。 相似文献
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江汉平原乡村聚落形态类型及空间体系特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
依据国土空间用地GIS数据及村镇统计数据,采用聚类分析及分形学方法,探索江汉平原乡村聚落空间形态类型及空间体系特征.研究表明,江汉平原因其内部自然环境基质的差异,形成了"二类四型"聚落空间形态:低丘岗地地域,主要是均衡镶嵌型聚落空间形态,可分为高密度(斑块)低丘点状形态及中密度(斑块)岗地团块形态2种亚型,此类聚落形态... 相似文献
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