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Journal of Geographical Sciences - Understanding biogeographic patterns and the mechanisms underlying them has been a main issue in macroecology and biogeography, and has implications for... 相似文献
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SAR是一种主动式微波遥感技术,具有不受气候和环境影响、能够长时间稳定连续地获取地表信息等优点.近些年星载SAR及其衍生技术不断发展,被广泛应用于农业、林业、海洋、灾害监测等多个领域.本文首先对比光学遥感,介绍了SAR遥感的特点、SAR卫星的发展概况及全球主要星载SAR系统,其次分类总结了各种SAR衍生技术及应用领域,最后综合上述内容对星载SAR技术的发展趋势做出展望. 相似文献
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耦合手机信令数据和房价数据的城市不同经济水平人群行为活动模式研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
有效分析城市不同经济水平人群的分布特征和活动模式对优化城市资源配置和揭示空间隔离现象有着极高的价值。但人群活动和社会经济等级数据较敏感,使得以往研究仅停留在宏观层面,难以合理划分人群经济等级并对其空间分布和活动模式进行定量分析。本研究以深圳为研究区,基于空间位置关联分析方法,耦合手机信令数据和细尺度房价数据实现了人群经济水平的准确划分,通过计算活动指标定量的分析了不同经济水平人群的空间分布和行为活动特征。研究表明：深圳市不同经济水平人群活动分布与各行政区经济发展相关,呈现“南高北低,西高东低”的格局;深圳市不同经济水平人群之间活动模式存在差异,活动范围、出行距离、出行速度与经济水平存在正向相关;高经济水平人群职住地点相距较远,存在跨行政区分布的现象。本研究分析了城市不同经济水平人群的空间分布特征和活动模式,对城市规划和解决社会不平等问题具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
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Road network is a critical component of public infrastructure,and the supporting system of social and economic development.Based on a modified kernel density estimate(KDE)algorithm,this study evaluated the road service capacity provided by a road network composed of multi-level roads(i.e.national,provincial,county and rural roads),by taking account of the differences of effect extent and intensity for roads of different levels.Summarized at town scale,the population burden and the annual rural economic income of unit road service capacity were used as the surrogates of social and economic demands for road service.This method was applied to the road network of the Three Parallel River Region,the northwestern Yunnan Province,China to evaluate the development of road network in this region.In results,the total road length of this region in 2005 was 3.70×104km,and the length ratio between national,provincial,county and rural roads was 1∶2∶8∶47.From 1989 to 2005,the regional road service capacity increased by 13.1%,of which the contributions from the national,provincial,county and rural roads were 11.1%,19.4%,22.6%,and 67.8%,respectively,revealing the effect of′All Village Accessible′policy of road development in the mountainous regions in the last decade.The spatial patterns of population burden and economic requirement of unit road service suggested that the areas farther away from the national and provincial roads have higher road development priority(RDP).Based on the modified KDE model and the framework of RDP evaluation,this study provided a useful approach for developing an optimal plan of road development at regional scale. 相似文献
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Ethnicity is a carrier of language and culture.Spatial distribution of ethnic diversity is fundamental for identifying and reconstructing the migration patterns and evolution histories of cultures and languages.Utilizing the Chinese 4th National Census (1990) data,we investigated the specific time geographical patterns of population and diversity of Chinese ethnicminorities.As anticipated,results show that Chineseminorities are chiefly concentrated in dis-tant plateaus and mountains in the southwest,northwe... 相似文献
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南水北调中线水源区土地利用/土地覆被的空间格局 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：24
土地利用/土地覆被 (简称LULC) 变化对流域水资源动态具有深刻的影响。这对于我国大规模跨流域的南水北调工程规划尤为重要。本文制定了该工程中线水源区约95 000 km2 面积的LULC分类系统,利用2000年前后的TM影像完成LULC分布现状图,并结合DEM分析了其土地利用/土地覆被的空间格局特征。结果表明：① 研究区域森林覆盖率为50.97%,灌丛25.58%;农田约占15%,其中旱地与水田的比例约10:3;石砾裸地等强烈退化类型合占5.66%;水域约占1%。② 区内秦岭南坡、汉-丹平原丘陵、巴山北坡三部分的LULC结构存在显著差异,强度土地利用类型和退化土地类型主要分布在汉-丹平原丘陵地区;秦岭南坡耕地的水分条件较巴山北坡好,但局部土地退化现象也更严重。③ 地形对LULC具有明显影响。海拔高度控制着自然植被的垂直分异和各种土地利用类型及利用强度的分布;各土地覆被类型的分布显示了坡度对土地开发强度的限制作用;坡向对局部LULC格局的影响并不显著,但在区域尺度上可能对秦岭南坡与巴山北坡的LULC结构差异具有贡献。南水北调中线工程水源区当前的LULC结构和空间格局显示,总体上植被状况良好,高强度的土地利用类型主要集中于海拔1000m以下的平缓地区,而退化土地类型也主要存在于这一区域,是流域水质保护和环境治理的关键区域。 相似文献
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Journal of Geographical Sciences - Plant moisture content (PMC) is used as an indicator of forest flammability, which is assumed to be affected by climate drought. However, the fire-induced drought... 相似文献
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Yao Yao Zhaotang Liang Zehao Yuan Penghua Liu Yongpan Bie Jinbao Zhang 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(12):2363-2384
ABSTRACTThough global-coverage urban perception datasets have been recently created using machine learning, their efficacy in accurately assessing local urban perceptions for other countries and regions remains a problem. Here we describe a human-machine adversarial scoring framework using a methodology that incorporates deep learning and iterative feedback with recommendation scores, which allows for the rapid and cost-effective assessment of the local urban perceptions for Chinese cities. Using the state-of-the-art Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms, the proposed method provides perception estimations with errors less than 10%. The driving factor analysis from both the visual and urban functional aspects demonstrated its feasibility in facilitating local urban perception derivations. With high-throughput and high-accuracy scorings, the proposed human-machine adversarial framework offers an affordable and rapid solution for urban planners and researchers to conduct local urban perception assessments. 相似文献
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安徽牯牛降的植物多样性垂直分布特征——兼论山顶效应的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
牯牛降国家级自然保护区是我国生物多样性热点地区之一——黄山-武夷山区的一部分,人为干扰较轻,植被保存状况良好,是这一生物多样性中心基本特征的代表性区域。牯牛降地区的植物物种多样性和群落的分布特征尚缺少系统的研究报道。对牯牛降南坡的植被垂直带进行样方和样带调查,探讨其植物群落和植物物种多样性的海拔梯度格局,及其影响因素。通过对样方数据的数量分类和CCA排序,结合分析群落生活型构成、物种丰富度、α多样性、β多样性的结果表明:(1)牯牛降南坡随着海拔的上升,依次出现常绿阔叶林(400-1 100 m)、常绿落叶阔叶混交林(1 100-1 350 m)、针阔混交林(1 350-1 600 m)和常绿针叶林(1 600-1 728 m)。(2)物种丰富度和多样性指数大致表现了沿海拔梯度降低的趋势;但低海拔人为活动的干扰、海拔1 400 m处样方小地形的显著变化、海拔1 500-1 600 m之间历史上的火干扰等因素,导致了物种多样性海拔梯度特征的复杂化;常绿阔叶林和常绿落叶针阔叶混交林的种-面积曲线差异反映了不同植被类型中物种分布的尺度效应的差异。(3)海拔梯度、局部地形及其他生境条件的变化共同影响着物种多样性的格局。山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林、针阔叶混交林和黄山松纯林等是发育在同一气候垂直带条件下,主要由地形引起的土壤与小气候差异导致的植被斑块。山顶效应对植物群落类型和物种多样性变化具有显著影响,对于理解牯牛降植物物种多样性垂直梯度特征和模式具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Network is defined in GIS as a system composed of arcs and nodes （Cova and Goodchild, 2002）. In real land- scape, network corresponds to a complex of corridors in its early definition （Forman and Godron, 1986）. Al- though not occupying a large percentage of area, net- work plays a dominant role in landscape functions through its high connectivity and intensive flows of or- ganisms, materials, energy and information. Habitat within network is generally characterized by frequent disturbance and active dynamics （Collinge, 1996; Haddad, 1999）. 相似文献