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Following Bagnold's approach, a relationship between sediment transport and energy dissipation is developed. The major assumption made in the study is that the near bed velocity plays a dominant role in the process of sediment transport. A general relationship between energy dissipation and sediment transport is first proposed. Then the equations for total sediment transport are derived by introducing the appropriate expression of energy dissipation rate under different conditions, such as open channel flows, combination of wave and current, as well as longshore sediment transport. Within the flows investigated, the derived relationships are fairly consistent with the available data over a wide range of conditions. 相似文献
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Xiangyang Li Jianxin Yuan British Geological Survey West Mains Road Edinburgh EH LA UK. Formerly at British Geological Survey now at PGS Inc. Richmond Avenue Suite Houston TX USA. 《应用地球物理》2005,2(1)
我们业已研发了计算各向异性、非均质介质中P- SV转换波(C-波)的转换点和旅行时的新理论。据此 可以利用诸如相似性分析、迪克斯模型建模、克契 霍夫求和等常规方法来完成各向异性的处理和各向 异性处理,并使各向异性的处理成为可能。这里将 我们的新发展分作两部分来介绍。第一部分为理 论,第二部分为对速度分析和参数计算的应用。第 一部分理论包括转换点的计算和动校正的分析。 相似文献
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SW Evans N Cole H Kylin NS Choong Kwet Yive V Tatayah J Merven 《African Journal of Marine Science》2016,38(3):317-327
A survey of seabirds and turtles at St Brandon’s Rock, 400 km north of Mauritius, was undertaken in 2010. We estimated that 1 084 191 seabirds comprising seven breeding species and excluding non-breeders were present at the archipelago and we counted 279 turtle tracks and nesting pits of green turtles Chelonia mydas. Hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata were also present. Analyses of 30 different islets that make up the atoll showed that the seabird species mostly partitioned their use of islets based on islet size, with four species preferring larger islets and two species preferring smaller islets. Alien species introduced historically are still present and other threats, such as shipwrecks, remain. We propose conservation and other measures that should adequately protect the birds, turtles and coral reef by treating the atoll as a system. 相似文献
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Soil erosion caused by water flow is a complex problem. Both empirical and physically based approaches were used for the estimation of surface erosion rates. Their applications are mainly limited to experimental areas or laboratory studies. The maximum sediment concentration overland flow can carry is not considered in most of the existing surface erosion models. The lack of erosion capacity limitation may cause over estimations of sediment concentration. A correlation analysis is used in this study to determine significant factors that impact surface erosion capacity. The result shows that the unit stream power is the most dominant factor for overland flow erosion which is consistent with experimental data. A bounded regression formula is used to reflect the limits that sediment concentration cannot be less than zero nor greater than a maximum value. The coefficients used in the model are calibrated using published laboratory data. The computed results agree with laboratory data very well. A one dimensional overland flow diffusive wave model is used in conjunction with the developed soil erosion equation to simulate field experimental results. This study concludes that the non-linear regression method using unit stream power as the dominant factor performs well for estimating overland flow erosion capacity. 相似文献
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内蒙古太平川铜钼矿成矿斑岩时代、地球化学及地质意义 总被引：27，自引：9，他引：18
内蒙古太平川Cu-Mo矿床位于得尔布干成矿带北段额尔古纳地区,为新近发现的斑岩型矿床。矿区内发育环带状热液蚀变,由内向外主要为硅化-绢云母化和泥化。热液蚀变围绕花岗闪长斑岩分布,Cu-Mo矿化主要受控于硅化-绢云母化蚀变,主要分布在花岗闪长斑岩中。本文获得成矿斑岩岩浆锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为202±5.7Ma,指示该矿床可能形成于晚三叠世。同时在样品中也发现继承锆石(784Ma),表明该地区可能存在晚元古基底。成矿斑岩的元素地球化学数据表明,主量元素SiO2(65.86%～68.84%)56%、Al2O3(15.18%～16.28%)15%、MgO(0.84%～1.06%)3%、Na2O/K2O1;微量元素亏损重稀土,Sr(471×10-6～513×10-6)400×10-6、Y(15.0×10-6～17.9×10-6)18×10-6、Yb(1.27×10-6～1.81×10-6)1.9×10-6,表明该花岗闪长斑岩具有明显的埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征。同时成矿斑岩具有相对高的SiO2、Yb含量和Th/Nb、Ce/Nb比值,而相对低的Al2O3、TiO2、MgO、Sr、Th含量和Th/Ce比值,这些特征与源于俯冲板片的埃达克岩相似。然而成矿斑岩(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.70943～0.71019)较大,εNd(t)为-3.4～-3.9,我们推测额尔古纳地块在岩浆上升过程中贡献了部分物质。结合区域构造演化,我们认为该矿区成矿斑岩岩浆形成于俯冲洋壳的部分熔融,矿床形成背景为早中生代蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋向额尔古纳地块俯冲的陆缘弧环境。 相似文献
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We present an efficient,robust computational method for modeling the Newtonian dynamics for rotation curve analysis of thin-disk galaxies.With appropriate mathematical treatments,the apparent numerical difficulties associated with singularities in computing elliptic integrals are completely removed.Using a boundary element discretization procedure,the governing equations are transformed into a linear algebra matrix equation that can be solved by straightforward Gauss elimination in one step without further ... 相似文献
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华宁暮车露天矿开采对周边地质环境影响评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
现场调查评价区地裂缝特征和成因机制,对形成地裂缝的直接原因——采矿诱发斜坡的失稳进行了定性、定量评价,提出不稳定斜坡的相应防治对策。 相似文献
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Neil B. McLaughlin 《山地科学学报》2011,(5)
Geohazards appear to be increasing in frequency globally. It is of necessity to actively manage these natural hazards to minimize loss of life and property. From an early warning perspective, this paper stresses the potential fatal flood hazard represented by the huge volume of water in Tianchi Lake, the unique geography of Changbai Mountain, and the limited flood control ability in the upstream of the Songhua River. Northeast Asian countries should keep a watchful eye on the Changbai volcano cooperatively,... 相似文献
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ROBERT O''BRIEN BIMAL K.SINHA WILLIAM P.SMITH Statistical Policy Branch Environmental Protection Agency M St. SW Washington DC U.S.A. 《地理学报(英文版)》1991,(3)
The object of this paper is to develop a suitable statistical procedure to evaluate clean-up standards athazardous waste sites.Under the assumptions that contaminant masses at a site follow a gammadistribution and that the data from the pre-remediation baseline sample as well as from the interim orfinal sample taken after a certain period of operation are both distributed as gamma with the same shapeparameter but different scale parameters,we derive a uniformly most powerful unbiased test of thehypothesis that a specified percentage of contaminant mass has been reduced.A large-sampleapproximation of the exact test procedure and a comparison with the likelihood ratio test are provided. 相似文献