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Emna Boughariou Moez Bahloul Ikram Jmal Nabila Allouche Jalila Makni Hafedh Khanfir Salem Bouri 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(4):69
Shallow groundwater is one of the main water resources in the arid and semi-arid regions. However, it is threatened by not only the reduced rainfall and recharge capacity, but also the water table drawdown and seawater intrusion. Such factors could cause a deterioration of the water quality and consequently the loss of a valuable hydraulic resource. This study aimed to improve our knowledge on the groundwater chemical quality evolution of the Sfax shallow aquifer, one of the most vulnerable areas in Tunisia, by developing a geochemical study using statistical and numerical methods. Salinization was identified by factorial analysis, PCA, and hierarchical clustering analysis in addition to the numerical MODPATH model. These findings confirmed that the groundwater quality has deteriorated due to natural and anthropogenic processes with a different influence of mineralization factors. They also revealed the location of seawater intrusion by focusing on the most vulnerable areas which are Chaffar and Djbeniana. Methodologically, the use of MODPATH model for seawater intrusion determination might be considered as the backbone for future studies in Tunisian coastal aquifers. The numerical model supports the results obtained by the geochemical analysis. Both methods are valuable tools as they contribute to trend determinations, management, and recovery plans. 相似文献
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Badia Chulli Aysen Davraz Jalila Makni Mourad Bedir Hamed Ben Dhia 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(1):1-16
The Sfax Basin in eastern Tunisia is bounded to the east by the Mediterranean Sea. Thermal waters of the Sfax area have measured
temperatures of 23–36°C, and electrical conductivities of 3,200 and 14,980 μS/cm. Most of the thermal waters are characterized
as Na–Cl type although there are a few Na–SO4–Cl waters. They issue from Miocene units which are made up sands and sandstones interbedded with clay. The Quaternary sediments
cap the system. The heat source is high geothermal gradient which are determined downhole temperature measurements caused
by graben tectonics of the area. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of the Sfax
Basin are undersaturated with respect to gypsum, anhydrite and fluorite, oversaturated with respect to kaolinite, dolomite,
calcite, microcline, quartz, chalcedony, and muscovite. Assessments from various chemical geothermometers, Na–K–Mg ternary
and mineral equilibrium diagrams suggest that the reservoir temperature of the Sfax area can reach up to 120°C. According
to δ18O and δ2H values, all thermal and cold groundwater is of meteoric origin. 相似文献
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Hydrochemistry and geothermometry of thermal groundwater of southeastern Tunisia (Gabes region) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Given the vital importance of water and energy in desert regions, we undertook a study dealing with the deep reservoirs in Gabes area, which is located in the southeastern part of Tunisia. Geothermal resources are taken from the Intercalary Continental [or Continental Intercalaire (CI)], known as the largest deep aquifer in Tunisia and are used in a number of applications, mainly in agriculture. Previous investigations performed on the thermal waters of this area focused on the genesis of the deep waters with regard to the thermal features of geothermal reservoirs. A more detailed investigation has been carried out, considering both deep and shallow waters. In order to estimate the potential temperatures of deep reservoir in the Gabes area, we developed a synthetic study including chemical geothermometers, multiple mineral equilibrium approach, and other approaches. Chemical types of the thermal waters and effects of mixing between shallow cold waters with deep thermal waters were also discussed. In fact, the application of Na–K–Mg diagram relative to deep geothermal reservoir capitulate estimated temperatures (about 90°C). In addition, the multiple mineral equilibrium approach submits a similar estimated temperature ranging between 65 and 70°C, showing a disequilibrium status which indicates a possibly mixing with surface water. Indeed, wells exploiting the CI aquifer in the south part of the studied area showed the same characteristics, corroborating the reliability of the applied methods. 相似文献
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The Kebilli region is located in the Southwestern part of Tunisia, and is characterized by the presence of deep and shallow geothermal systems (continental intercalary and complex terminal). Chemical and isotopic contents are used to classify the type and determine the origin of thermal water. An evaluation of reservoir temperature and a possible geothermal fluid mixing are also carried out. Both continental intercalary-deep aquifer and complex terminal-shallow aquifer are of Na–(Ca)–Cl–(SO4) mixed water type. The use of different geothermometers and the computation of saturation indexes for different solid phases suggests that the thermal reservoir temperature of the continental intercalary is between 92 and 105 °C, while the fluid temperature from the shallow complex terminal aquifer ranges from 50 to 75 °C. Also, the isotopic data indicates the old origin of all groundwater of Southwestern Tunisia. Mixing effects characterizing the continental intercalary and the complex terminal aquifers were identified using δ2H and δ18O relationship. It appears that the upward movement of thermal water from the deep aquifer to shallow ones is probably due to the abundant fractures in the research area. 相似文献
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Résumé Des données géologiques, géochimiques et géophysiques ont été analysées dans le but d’évaluer le potentiel en eaux thermales du bassin du Sahel de Sfax (Tunisie orientale). Nous avons étudié le réservoir hydrogéothermique pour déterminer les différents faciès chimiques des eaux thermales et comprendre leurs origines. L'analyse des données existantes et nouvellement acquises montre que l'eau thermale à température plus élevée est d'origine météorique. Elle s'est infiltrée profondément dans des sables et grès du Miocène supérieur (Serravalien-Tortonien) et a atteint une température de 75°C, avant de resurgir par un drainage vertical en suivant les dysharmonies tectoniques. Le gradient géothermique élevé de cette région confirme qu'il s'agit bien d'un réservoir à intérêt géothermal exploitable. Citation Chulli, B., Makni, J., Bedir, M. & Ben Dhia, H. (2011) Une approche multidisciplinaire pour la prospection des bassins hydrogéothermiques: cas du Sahel de Sfax (Tunisie orientale). Hydrol. Sci. J. 56(3), 507–520. 相似文献
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A synthetic approach integrating surface and subsurface data for prospecting deep aquifers: the Southeast Tunisia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Southeast Tunisia has remarkable thermal springs that have been used for bathing since many years. Currently, studies
are being carried out to investigate the possible use of the hot water for heating buildings and for greenhouses. Springs
with discharge temperatures between 26.8 and 58°C exist in the area. The flow rates range between 7 and 66 l/s with total
dissolved solids (TDS) varying between 2,020 and 4,030 mg/l. Both geological–hydrogeological setting and the similarity in
chemical characteristics between the Zarat spring and nearby water wells suggest that the hot water from this spring may be
related to the Senonian aquifer. However, the hydrogeothermal approach shows that the depth of the reservoir that supplies
the Zarat spring is greater than that of the Senonian aquifer. In fact, geothermometry approach indicates that fluids emerging
from the Lower Cretaceous sandstones reach temperatures of approximately 78°C at depth, while the fluid temperature from the
nearby water wells is 32°C. Through the integration of various types of data we found that the thermal water of Southeast
Tunisia is of meteoric origin. This water infiltrates deeply into the Lower Cretaceous sandstones and reaches a high temperature
before rising upwards to supply the hot springs and well discharge zones. It appears that the upward movement of hot water
from the deep aquifers to shallow ones is probably due to the abundant fractures in the area. 相似文献
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Hydrogeological and mixing process of waters in deep aquifers in arid regions: south east Tunisia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jalila Makni Fatma Ben Brahim Saoussan Hassine Salem Bouri Hamed Ben Dhia 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(2):799-809
This study addresses the hydrogeochemistry of thermal and cold waters from south east Tunisia. Temperature intervals are 38.5–68 °C and 22–27.8 °C for thermal water and cold water, respectively. Three distinct hydrogeological systems supply water either for irrigation or for drinking; they are: (1) the Continental Intercalaire geothermal aquifer (CI), (2) the Turonian aquifer and (3) the Senonian aquifer. A synthetic study including hydrochemical, hydrogeological and geothermal approaches have been applied in order to evaluate the inter-aquifers water transfer in south east of Tunisia. By using silica geothermometers and saturation indices for different solid phases, estimated thermal reservoir temperature varies between 52 and 87 °C and between 75 and 110 °C, respectively. Based on chemical and thermal data, mixing, which occurs between the ascending deep geothermal water and shallow cold water, is about 57 % cold water. 相似文献
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