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1.
Ayşen Davraz M. Tahir Nalbantçılar Simge Varol İsmail Önden 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2022,82(2):125867
A conceptual model with water samples from ten geothermal fields (?smil, Ilg?n (Çavu?cugöl), Tuzlukçu-Ak?ehir, Seydi?ehir and Kavakköy, Hüyük, Ere?li-Akhüyük, Kad?nhan?, Cihanbeyli, Karap?nar and Bey?ehir) in the province of Konya defined the geothermal system. Carbonates, quartzite and marbles of Paleozoic metamorphics are the reservoir rocks and the heating sources are igneous rock intrusions and geothermal gradient. The variable thermal water (CaMgHCO3, CaSO4, NaSO4, CaHCO3, CaNaHCO3, NaCl and CaNaClHCO3) had EC and temperature between 177.8 and 56,100 μS/cm and between 18.3 and 44 °C, respectively. Ca2+ in geothermal fluids are associated with marble and carbonate rocks and the high chloride shows direct connection with deep geothermal system, and prolonged contact with evaporite rocks. Sulphate originates from dissolution of and oxidation of sulphate and sulphur-bearing minerals. The high As, B, F and Mn concentration in some thermal water samples were determined as 85 μg/l, 148.56 mg/l, 3.01 mg/l and 208.13 mg/l, respectively. Reservoir temperatures computed by Na/K geothermometers were between 85.37–158.89 °C for Ak?ehir thermal waters and 58.78–90.45 °C for Ere?li thermal waters. The maximum reservoir temperature of other geothermal waters was 75 °C by the silica geothermometers. 相似文献
2.
Badia Chulli Aysen Davraz Jalila Makni Mourad Bedir Hamed Ben Dhia 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,66(1):1-16
The Sfax Basin in eastern Tunisia is bounded to the east by the Mediterranean Sea. Thermal waters of the Sfax area have measured
temperatures of 23–36°C, and electrical conductivities of 3,200 and 14,980 μS/cm. Most of the thermal waters are characterized
as Na–Cl type although there are a few Na–SO4–Cl waters. They issue from Miocene units which are made up sands and sandstones interbedded with clay. The Quaternary sediments
cap the system. The heat source is high geothermal gradient which are determined downhole temperature measurements caused
by graben tectonics of the area. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of the Sfax
Basin are undersaturated with respect to gypsum, anhydrite and fluorite, oversaturated with respect to kaolinite, dolomite,
calcite, microcline, quartz, chalcedony, and muscovite. Assessments from various chemical geothermometers, Na–K–Mg ternary
and mineral equilibrium diagrams suggest that the reservoir temperature of the Sfax area can reach up to 120°C. According
to δ18O and δ2H values, all thermal and cold groundwater is of meteoric origin. 相似文献
3.
Pumice is a porous rock, which is formed as a result of volcanic activity and does not include any crystal water. Its porous structure makes it lightweight and provides advantage for heat and sound isolation. Foam concrete is a type of lightweight concrete. Foam concrete is obtained by adding the foam obtained from the agent to the mixture of cement, water, and aggregate. Foam concrete is an environmentally friendly structure and insulation material which provides light, heat, and impact sound insulation that can be used in place of the building elements used in the interior-exterior walls and floors of all buildings. Because of the lack of coarse aggregate in the foam concrete mix, it has some structural problems and this limits its usage area. In this study, four different types of pumice aggregates and stone powder were used to overcome the structural problems of foam. The cement dosages (250 kg/m3), aggregate amounts (250 kg/m3), fresh concrete densities and w/c ratio (0.45) were kept constant in all foamed concrete mixtures. Then, physical, mechanical, and thermal conductivity properties of the resulting foam concretes were investigated. When the findings were evaluated, the most suitable type of lightweight aggregates for use in foam concrete have been determined in terms of compressive strength and thermal conductivity properties. In all aggregate groups, Nevsehir Pumice has the highest compressive strength while Karaman Pumice has the lowest thermal conductivity. However, when both properties were evaluated together, it was determined that the most favorable lightweight aggregate was Nevsehir Pumice. 相似文献
4.
Delineation of the groundwater potential zones is one of the most essential process for the sustainable management of the groundwater sources. However, groundwater studies are quite hard and complex for many regions besides consuming time and cost. This study focused on the groundwater potential mapping in Bey?ehir Lake Basin. Mainly, fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) integrated with GIS was used to determine potential zones for groundwater. Seven parameters, namely lithology, lineament, drainage density, land use, slope, soil type, and rainfall were evaluated and Groundwater Potential Index (GWPI) was calculated using weight and rating coefficients of each parameter. According to obtained results, GWPI varies from 0.07665 to 0.28243 in the basin. The low, moderate, and high groundwater potential classes were determined with quantile classification method. The groundwater potential map demonstrates that the high groundwater potential area is located around the lake shore, in the alluvium and limestone fields because high permeability rates depend on soil type, low slope, karstic structure, and agricultural activities in these regions. In addition, the distribution of the springs confirms with groundwater potential area determined with this study. 相似文献
5.
In this study, waves with the heights higher than H1/3 in an irregular wave train are called as extreme waves and defined with the help of extreme wave parameter, αextreme. In order to see the effect of extreme waves on the design weight of armour stone, stability analysis is carried out based on the hydraulic model test results. The test results of high αextreme cases (HE) and low αextreme cases (LE) are compared with currently used van der Meer's formulae with permeability factor P=0.4 and 0.45 and Hudson formula by using H1/3 and H1/10 in terms of the design weight of armour stone. As a result of the comparison, it is found that Hudson formula by using H1/3 underestimates the necessary armour weight. Usage of H1/10 instead of H1/3 in Hudson formula doubles the weight which seems overestimated when Irribaren number is away from the transition zone in which both wave run-up and run-down forces become effective. However, it seems underestimated near the transition zone where experiment case HE gives higher armour weights. When the design weight of armour stone is calculated by van der Meer's formulae with P=0.4, it may be necessary to increase the weight up to 30% in the case of high extreme waves. On the other hand, van der Meer's formulae may overestimate the weight 14% when the extreme waves are low. 相似文献
6.
The aim of the study was to examine microbiological risk of public water system of Tefenni (Burdur) region, which is located
in southwest of Turkey. The important pollutants of the study area are cattle breeding, use of animal manure for agricultural
activities and unsanitary water supply system and water tank. The microbiological condition was assessed using total coliform
bacteria in water samples, which was collected from springs, wells and water supply system of Tefenni county and villages
during the period January 2009 and December 2009. Microbiological analyses indicate that failure rate (positive samples) was
43% for sampling period. There was greater consistency among failures of total coliform indicator standards during spring
and winter than during autumn and summer. This observation was explained partially by a significant positive correlation with
the rainfall amount (r
Pearson = 0.70, P = 0.01). In addition, the microbiological risk assessment was made using modified sanitary inspection forms and prepared
final score map. Compared with final score and microbial pollutant maps of the study area, it has been shown that water resources
having high risk score were directly proportional with pollutants related to land use. 相似文献
7.
8.
E?irdir Lake is the second largest fresh water lake with 482 km2 surface area of Turkey. The lake is an indispensable water source for our country and region because of available water capacity and usage aims such as drinking-irrigation water, tourism, and fishing. However, especially contaminants located in the E?irdir Lake catchment affect the lake water quality negatively in times. Therefore, determination of the water quality of the lake has quite importance for region human health and sustainable usage of the lake. The major factors that control the quality of the E?irdir Lake water are agricultural activities in the basin, water–rock interaction, and domestic and industrial wastes. This study investigates the anthropogenic and geologic impact originated from pollution sources and water–rock interaction in the lake watershed basin to the E?irdir Lake water quality. For this purpose, geological, hydrogeological, and hydrological properties of the lake basin with point and nonpoint pollution sources were investigated. To determine the water quality of the lake, 48 water samples were collected especially from locations representing effects of pollutants in May and October 2009. The analysis results were compared with maximum permissible limit values recommended by World Health Organization and Turkish drinking water standards. The contents of all chemical and physical parameters are higher in dry periods than wet period, and water pollution was observed at discharge points of the streams into the lake. Also, pH, turbidity, potassium, chemical oxygen demand, ammonium, aluminum, iron, and lead concentrations were found to be above drinking water standards. 相似文献
9.
Temporal variations of fluoride concentration in Isparta public water system and health impact assessment (SW-Turkey) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Water–rock interaction is one of the prime factors affecting the fluoride contents of surface and groundwater. If fluoride
concentration of drinking water has been neglected, excess fluoride can cause serious dental and medical problems on human
health, which is well known at Golcuk-Isparta region. In the research area, Egirdir lake, Golcuk lake and surrounding springs
have been utilized as drinking water sources. Golcuk lake water and surrounding groundwaters have high fluoride content (1.4–4.6 mg/l),
which is above the WHO standards. Fluoride is predominantly supplied by dissolution of fluoride within the fluormicas of volcanics
during the circulation of water. Fluoride concentrations of waters have shown variations for dry and rainy seasons depending
on the degree of interaction between groundwater and volcanic rocks. It tends to decrease in rainy seasons and increase in
dry seasons for all years. In this study, temporal variations and spatial distribution of fluoride concentration in public
water system of Isparta were investigated to get benefit using GIS techniques from1990 to 2003 years. Extremely fluoride concentrations
were measured in the public water system in 1990 at almost every district of the city. In 2003, fluoride content of the public
water system decreased in some district of city due to drinking water has started obtaining from Egirdir lake in 1995. The
fluoride contents of Isparta drinking water ought to be modified with suitable mixture of lake waters and groundwater point
of view to health impact. 相似文献
10.
Assessment of aquifer vulnerability based on GIS and DRASTIC methods: a case study of the Senirkent-Uluborlu Basin (Isparta, Turkey) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Aquifer vulnerability has been assessed in the Senirkent-Uluborlu Basin within the Egirdir Lake catchment (Turkey) using the DRASTIC method, based on a geographic information system (GIS). There is widespread agriculture in the basin, and fertilizer (nitrate) and pesticide applications have caused groundwater contamination as a result of leaching. According to hydrogeological data from the study area, surface water and groundwater flow are towards Egirdir Lake. Hence, aquifer vulnerability in the basin should be determined by water quality in Egirdir Lake. DRASTIC layers were prepared using data such as rainfall, groundwater level, aquifer type, and hydraulic conductivity. These data were obtained from hydrogeological investigations and literature. A regional-scale aquifer-vulnerability map of the basin was prepared using overlay analysis with the aid of GIS. A DRASTIC vulnerability map, verified by nitrate in groundwater data, shows that the defined areas are compatible with land-use data. It is concluded that 20.8% of the basin area is highly vulnerable and urgent pollution-preventions measures should be taken for every kind of relevant activity within the whole basin. 相似文献