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This paper presents a study on the temporal and spatial variations of the precipitation over the area of the South China Sea (SCS) during the monsoon onset period. The data used are from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) observations between April and June over the nine years from 1998 to 2006. This study focuses on the central and northern part of South China Sea (110-120°E, 10-20°N). Based on the observations, the 27th pentad is selected as the occurrence time of the SCS monsoon onset. The conclusions are as follows. (1) After the monsoon onset, the specific area, defined as the ratio of the number of pixels with certain type of precipitation to the number of total pixels, extends significantly for both convective and stratiform rain, with the latter having a larger magnitude. The specific rainfall, defined as the ratio of the amount of certain type of precipitation to the total amount of precipitation, decreases for convective rain and increases for stratiform rain. (2) Results also show significant increase in heavy rain and decrease in light rain after the monsoon onset. (3) Changes are also observed in the rainfall horizontal distributions over the SCS before and after the monsoon onset, manifested by the relocation of precipitation minima for both convective and stratiform rain. (4) After the monsoon onset, the variability in characteristics of precipitation vertical structure increases significantly, leading to more latent heat release and consequently deeper convection. Meanwhile, the bright-band altitude of stratiform precipitation is also elevated. 相似文献
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利用1998—2006年共9年4—6月的TRMM卫星2A25资料,选取南海中北部地区(110～120°E,10～20°N)为关键区域,分别对比分析了夏季风爆发前后南海地区降水特性的差异。结果表明:⑴南海夏季风爆发后,对流和层云的降水比面积均有明显增加,且层云的降水比面积增加幅度更大。夏季风爆发后的对流降水比降水量减小,而层云降水比降水量增加。⑵南海夏季风爆发后,强降水所占的比重比爆发前有所增加,而弱降水所占比重减小。⑶南海夏季风的爆发使南海地区降水场的水平分布发生变化,降水中心发生偏移。⑷夏季风爆发后,南海地区降水的垂直结构也相应发生变化。降水率随高度的变化率加大,释放出更多的潜热,并通过正反馈机制使得对流降水变得更加深厚,层云降水的冻结层高度也得到一定的提升。 相似文献
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利用2011—2020年辽宁地区逐小时地面观测数据和定时高空观测数据,统计分析纯雪、雨雪转换两类降水天气特征。结果表明,辽宁地区2011—2020年雨雪转换日数与纯雪日数比值为1∶5,沿海地区多于内陆,雨雪转换时主要有5种天气类型:空中槽型、北上气旋型、低涡切变型、冷平流型、回流型,其中,空中槽型雨雪转换日数最多,占总日数的42.8%;冷平流型和回流型相对较少,分别占9.4%和7.8%。地面2 m气温、0℃层高度、抬升凝结高度、抬升凝结高度气温与地面2 m气温差、700~850 hPa位势高度差、850~1000 hPa位势高度差等6个气象因子对鉴定辽宁地区降水相态有一定参考意义。利用高分辨的欧洲细网格资料对2021年2月28日雨雪天气过程的降水相态进行诊断分析,结果表明,雨雪相态的转变对对流层低层温度平流非常敏感,0℃层高度、冰雪层厚度、粒子降落行程与降水相态之间关系密切;当0℃层高度降低(由920 hPa到950 hPa),云中冰雪层增厚(由430 hPa增至530 hPa),液态水层变薄(由20 hPa到10 hPa),云中冰雪物下落到地面的行程缩短(由780 m降至410 m),下落环境温度降低(由3.5℃到0.5℃),降水相态由雨转换为雨夹雪或雪。 相似文献
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