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A statistical comparative analysis of tropical cyclone activity over the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal (BoB) has been conducted using best-track data and wind radii information from 1977 to 2018 issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Results have shown that the annual variation in the frequency and duration of tropical cyclones has a significant increasing trend over the Arabian Sea and an insignificant decreasing trend over the BoB. The monthly frequency of tropical cyclones in both the Arabian Sea and the BoB shows a notable bimodal character, with peaks occurring in May and October–November, respectively. The maximum frequency of tropical cyclones occurs in the second peak as a result of the higher moisture content at mid-levels in the autumn. However, the largest proportion of strong cyclones (H1–H5 grades) occurs in the first peak as a result of the higher sea surface temperatures in early summer. Tropical cyclones in the Arabian Sea break out later during the first peak and activity ends earlier during the second peak, in contrast with those in the over BoB. This is related to the onset and drawback times of the southwest monsoon in the two basins. Tropical cyclones in the Arabian Sea are mainly generated in the eastern basin, whereas in the BoB the genesis locations have a meridional (zonal) distribution in May–June (October–November) as a result of the seasonal movement of the low-level positive vorticity belt. The Arabian Sea is dominated by western and northwestern tropical cyclones by that track west and NW, accounting for about 74.6%, whereas the tropical cyclones with a NE track account for only 25.4%. The proportions of the three types of tracks are similar in the BoB, with each accounting for about 33% of the tropical cyclones. The mean intensity and size of tropical cyclones over the Arabian Sea are stronger and larger, respectively, than those over the BoB and the size of tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean in early summer is larger than that in autumn. The asymmetrical structure of tropical cyclones over North Indian Ocean is affected by the topography and the longest radius of the 34 kt surface wind often lies in the eastern quadrant of the tropical cyclone circulation in both sea areas. FAN Xiao-ting (樊晓婷), LI Ying (李 英), et al. 相似文献
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利用中国国家地面站逐小时气象观测资料、中国环境监测总站空气质量逐时监测数据、ECMWF 0.125°（纬度）×0.125°（经度）再分析资料及青岛市八关山自动站常规要素逐小时数据,对2018年1月15~22日青岛市一次重度污染雾—霾天气过程的特征及其影响因子进行分析。结果表明:PM10为首要污染物,污染过程中青岛市48 h 输入污染源前期主要为北方干冷气团与江淮湿空气在山东半岛北部汇聚堆积,后期则主要包括山东省内局地大气污染物排放。雾—霾期间,500 hPa中高纬地区受乌拉尔山阻塞高压和中西伯利亚冷低压控制,宽广的东亚横槽稳定维持,青岛上空以平直西风气流为主,地面等压线稀疏,风速小;随着横槽转竖,纬向型环流转为经向型,冷空气大举南下,风速急增,降雪发生,雾—霾迅速消散。在静稳的大气环流背景下,当近地逆温层内弱风或持续吹陆风,对流层低层上升和下沉运动较弱,水汽条件较好时,有利于雾—霾维持。综合分析雾—霾各阶段PM2.5浓度和相对湿度与能见度间的关系发现,霾阶段两因子影响力相当;雾阶段能见度主要受相对湿度的影响;静稳条件下PM2.5浓度累积增加是影响雾、霾混合阶段能见度的主要因子。 相似文献
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