New observations and transit solutions of the inflated exoplanets HAT-P-40b and HAT-P-51b     

Diana P.Kjurkchieva  Nikola I.Petrov  Velimir A.Popov 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2021,(2)

We present high-precision photometric observations of the transiting exoplanets HAT-P-40 b and HAT-P-51 b by the Rozhen 2-m telescope.The newly-observed transit of HAT-P-40 b is the first one with a complete curve.The orbital periods of the two targets were improved.We modeled the observed transits and found bigger stellar radii than those derived from the stellar models.The planet radii of HATP-40 b and HAT-P-51 b obtained from our transit solutions are bigger than the values calculated by the empirical relations for Jupiter-mass and Saturn-mass planets respectively.Their values reveal the highlyinflated nature of the two targets,especially that of HAT-P-51 b.We established that the best transit solutions correspond to a quadratic limb-darkening law.The fitted limb-darkening coefficients of HAT-P-40 are close to the theoretical ones while those of HAT-P-51 are a little different.The precise astrometric Gaia distances of the two targets are smaller by 6%–7%than the calculated values from the stellar models.We propose the Gaia distances to be used for improvement of the stellar models as well as for more reliable calculation of the parameters of the known exoplanets.  相似文献   

Differentiated payments for environmental services schemes: Amethodology proposal     

Carlos R.AGUILAR-GóMEZ  Sergio FRANCO-MAASS  Tizbe T.ARTEAGA-REYES 《山地科学学报》2018,15(8):1693-1710

Payment schemes for environmental services face serious budget constraints in Mexico. Payments are equally distributed among forest owners, and the governmental agencies that make payments to beneficiaries do not evaluate the amount of environmental services produced by forested areas. This lack of evaluation could lead to economic and environmental deficiencies that restrict the possible benefits of such programmes. In general, these programmes do not achieve their conservation objectives, and local beneficiaries are not involved in the design or application of these programmes. Similarly, the Payments for Hydrological Environmental Services (PHES) programme of the State of Mexico, Mexico, makes equal payments to beneficiaries of forested areas considering tree density. The objective of the present work was to create a methodology for determining differentiated payments schemes for hydrological environmental services, prioritising areas that contribute the most to groundwater recharge and promote the participation of society. In the Nevado de Toluca Natural Protected Area, the environmental criteria of forest type, tree density and aquifer overexploitation as well as social participation were considered in a multi-criteria analysis implemented in a Geographic Information System. A methodology was developed to determine differentiated payments based on specific forest characteristics that influence the potential capacity of forests to recharge groundwater reserves in addition to the level of social participation. In particular, social participation is key as it could ensure the viability of PHES programmes as conservation alternatives in forested areas with high groundwater recharge potential.  相似文献   

印度尼西亚北苏拉威西红树林生态系统碳库研究     

陈顺洋  陈彬  SASTROSUWONDO Pramudji  DHARMAWAN I Wayan Ek  欧丹云  尹希杰  俞炜炜  陈光程 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(12):85-91

近年来的研究指出红树林在海岸带碳固定和碳储存方面发挥着重要的作用。尽管印度尼西亚的红树林面积在全球占很大的比重，对于该地区红树林的有机碳储量和土壤有机碳来源的认识仍有限。本研究调查了印度尼西亚北苏拉威西海洋型的Wori红树林中生态系统有机碳储量及其空间分布特征，以及土壤有机碳的来源，以期加深该地区红树林“蓝碳”功能的认识。研究结果显示，Wori红树林0-50cm深度土壤中有机碳储量为15.4 kg/m²，占生态系统碳储量的主要部分（65%）。红树植物生物量和生态系统碳储量分别为8.3 kg/m²和23.7 kg/m²。土壤有机碳储量在不同离岸距离的采样站位中未表现出显著的空间分布差异，而生物量碳储量则在外滩最高。¹³C稳定同位素分析结果表明红树林土壤中蓄积的有机碳主要来源于红树林有机质，而潮水中的悬浮有机质和红树林外缘的海草并不构成红树林土壤有机碳的重要来源，它们的贡献者都低于20%。研究结果进一步证实了热带地区海洋型红树林湿地在碳储存以及红树植物对碳固定方面的重要性。  相似文献   

基于Polar1DMLP模型的CCTA冠脉管腔分割方法研究          下载免费PDF全文

申云鹏  高雨枫  章品正  於文雪  周寿军  李宝生  朱健  陈阳 《CT理论与应用研究》2020,29(6):631-642

冠状动脉数字图像造影（CCTA）是一种有效的无创评估冠脉血管狭窄等病变情况的成像技术，对CCTA的自动筛查评估依赖于冠脉管腔的高精度分割。为探索能够分割出高质量的冠脉官腔的算法，本文进行基于深度学习的端到端分割实验以及基于中心线先验信息结合CCTA灰度特征的冠脉管腔分割实验，其中基于深度学习回归方法的Polar1DMLP模型能够结合中心线先验信息得到较好的分割效果。基于公开数据集Coronary Artery Stenoses Detection and Quantification Evaluation Framework中的78组冠脉截段数据进行训练与验证，在16段数据的验证集上得到MSD （mean surface distance）为0.169 mm，DICE为0.796。结果表明本文提出的以中心线为导向信息的Polar1DMLP模型能够较好地整合血管CCTA灰度特征，回归出较为准确的冠脉血管内壁管腔轮廓半径，得到较为平滑的冠脉管腔表面模型，本方法有着较大的潜力以及拓展空间。   相似文献   

卡里马塔海峡水体交换的季节变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王研  徐腾飞  李淑江  Susanto R. Dwi  Agustiadi Teguh  Trenggono Mukti  谭伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):47-57

Four trawl-resistant bottom mounts, with acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) embedded, were deployed in the Karimata Strait from November 2008 to June 2015 as part of the South China Sea-Indonesian Seas Transport/Exchange and Impact on Seasonal Fish Migration(SITE) Program, to estimate the volume and property transport between the South China Sea and Indonesian seas via the strait. The observed current data reveal that the volume transport through the Karimata Strait exhibits significant seasonal variation. The winteraveraged(from December to February) transport is –1.99 Sv(1 Sv=1×10~6 m~3/s), while in the boreal summer(from June to August), the average transport is 0.69 Sv. Moreover, the average transport from January 2009 to December2014 is –0.74 Sv(the positive/negative value indicates northward/southward transport). May and September are the transition period. In May, the currents in the Karimata Strait turn northward, consistent with the local monsoon. In September, the southeasterly trade wind is still present over the strait, driving surface water northward, whereas the bottom flow reverses direction, possibly because of the pressure gradient across the strait from north to south.  相似文献   

The effects of electrochemical oxidation on in-vivo fluorescence and toxin content in Microcystis aeruginosa culture     

ROZINA Tinkara  ELER?EK Tina  Maja ZUPAN?I? JUSTIN  MEGLI? Andrej  LE?TAN Domen  SEDMAK Bojan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2018,(4)

The increasing occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in water bodies is a serious threat to the environment. Efficient in-lake treatment methods for the control of cyanobacteria proliferation are needed, their in-vivo detection to obtain a real-time response to their presence, as well as the information about their physiological state after the applied treatment. In-vivo fluorescence measurements of photosynthetic pigments have proved to be effective for quantitative and qualitative detection of phytoplankton in a water environment. In the experiment, chlorophyll and phycocyanin fluorescence sensors were used concurrently to detect stress caused by electrochemical oxidation applying an electrolytic cell equipped with borondoped diamond electrodes on a laboratory culture of cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806. The inflicted injuries were reflected in a clear transient increase in the phycocyanin fluorescence signal(for 104 %? 43%) 24 h after the treatment, which was not the case for the chlorophyll fluorescence signal. In the next 72 h of observation, the fluorescence signals decreased(on 40% of the starting signal) indicating a reduction of cell number, which was confirmed by cell count(24% reduction of the starting concentration) and analysis of extracted chlorophyll and phycocyanin pigment. These results demonstrate the viability of the combined application of two sensors as a useful tool for in-vivo detection of induced stress, providing real-time information needed for the evaluation of the efficiency of the in-lake treatment and decision upon the necessity of its repetition. The electrochemical treatment also resulted in a lower free microcystins concentration compared to control.  相似文献   

Depth of closure: New calculation method based on sediment data     

Luis Aragonés  Jose Ignacio Pagán  Isabel López  José C.Serra 《国际泥沙研究》2018,33(2):198-207

Obtaining depth of closure (DoC) in an accurate manner is a fundamental issue for coastal engineering, since good results for coastal structures and beach nourishment depend mainly on DoC. Currently, there are two methods for obtaining the DoC, mathematical formulations and profile surveys. However, these methods can incur important errors if one does not take into account the characteristics and morphology of the area, or if one does not have a sufficiently long time series. In this work the DoC is obtained from the break in the trend of the sediment with the depth, that is, in general with the increase of the depth a decrease in the size of the sediment takes place. However, at one point this tendency changes and the size increases, and then decreases again. When comparing the point where the minimum sediment size occurs before the increase, it is observed that the error incurred is small compared to other methods. If the Standard Deviation of Depth Change (SDDC) method is considered as the most accurate method, the error incurred by the proposed method is less than 7%. In addition, it can be seen that the dispersion of the sediment method always occurs outside the zone of bar movement. Whereas in the methods of profiles survey (using 2 cm precision profiles), sometimes the DoC is obtained within the active zone of bar movement. In addition, where the relative minimum of the median sediment size is found, and the sizes of 0.063 and 0.125 mm predominate in the composition of the sample. Therefore, this new method allows the precise location of the DoC to be obtained in a fast and simple way. Furthermore, this method has the advantage that it is not affected by the modifications that may be experienced by both the study area and the cross-shore beach profile.  相似文献   

基于环境噪声的地幔间断面体波成像研究     

P.Poli  M.Campillo  H.Pedersen  李自芮 《世界地震译丛》2018,(1)

地震环境噪声互相关广泛用于地球岩石层的高分辨率面波成像。对在地球内部传播的地震体波进行类似观测将为我们打开一扇了解地球深部的窗口。本文介绍了如何利用地幔过渡带的顶部(410km)和底部(660km)间断面反射的P波噪声互相关来观测该地幔过渡带。数据表明,不利用震源也可绘制地幔过渡带高分辨率图像。  相似文献   

新的免费软件:钻孔地震数据处理与解释     

M.Farfour  W.J.Yoon  赵雷  燕云  赵龙梅  孙宏志 《世界地震译丛》2018,(1)

在地下成像和储层特征化中,垂直地震剖面(VSP)测量是一个重要的工具,这项技术可以使地球物理学家推断出其他方法无法获取的关键信息。MVSP是一个新的、具有图形用户界面(GUI)的MATLAB工具,用于垂直地震剖面炮点建模、数据处理和解释。该软件处理垂直地震剖面数据,从加载和预处理阶段到廊道绘图,以及集成测井数据和地震数据的最终阶段。一些地震和信号处理工具箱被集成和修改,以适应并完善处理和显示的软件包。开发该软件的主要动机是为地球科学领域的新地学科学家和学生提供免费软件,它将所有垂直地震剖面模块汇集成一个易于使用的软件包。该软件有几个模块,允许用户测试、处理、比较、可视化和生成可发布的结果。该软件开发成一个独立的MATLAB应用程序,只需要MATLAB Compiler Runtime(MCR)即可运行完整的功能。我们将详细介绍MVSP,并使用该软件来创建合成的垂直地震剖面数据。然后使用不同的可用工具来处理这些数据。并使用该软件加载和完全处理实际数据。最后,将该数据和测井数据相结合以进行更详细的分析和解释。为了评估该软件处理流程的准确性,使用商业软件处理相同的数据。对处理结果的比较表明,MVSP在处理垂直地震剖面数据方面和目前工业中使用的商业软件包同样高效,并且能提供相似高质量的处理后的数据。  相似文献   

地震预测评估方法(一)     

J.D.Zechar  张盛峰  陈时军 《世界地震译丛》2018,(4)

地震预测是地球科学有待解决的最重要问题之一。过去的10年间,地震预测研究重新得到重视,目前地震可预测性的试验在全球范围内开展。就这些试验而论,与预测评估有关的一些极其重要的问题有:详细的试验说明书、使用成功的量度,以及恰当的参考模型的选取。本文我们对这些问题逐一进行论述,并重点讨论前瞻性地震预测的检验。我们考察一般类型的地震预报,其预报格式可用二元表示。也就是说,对于任意给定的时空间隔,我们可推断给定震级尺度的地震是否发生。这种设定允许我们进行确定性预报和概率性预报的检验,并比较二者的结果。此外,这种检验因为实质上是许多"是"或"否"的累加,所以容易被人们所理解。作为二元性能的量度及其广泛可用性的介绍,我们考察了前兆逆向追踪法,即一种近来旨在预报破坏性地震的地震预测算法。我们介绍并分析了几种测量预测性能的方法,但是前兆逆向追踪试验结果可能还不稳定,因为到目前为止所发生的地震数量少。针对3项10年尺度地震活动性预报,即相对强度、图像信息和美国国家地震灾害区划图的试验,我们介绍由Molchan图得到的成功量度的"校验区技能分数"方法。利用这种试验并应用统计假设检验的方法,我们说明了选取适宜的参考模型的重要性,并表明增加模型的复杂性未必在预测效能上获得显著改善。在说明了将校验区技能分数用作效能的量值之后,我们较为详细地讨论其统计学性质以及相关的计算程序。根据这项工作以及以前的试验成果,我们用校验区技能分数探索区域地震活动性的演化并优化了简单预报模型。  相似文献