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靖海凹陷为南海北部深水区油气勘探的重点盆地之一,系统深入研究盆地结构特征及演化过程有助于深化对南海北部深水盆地的认识,为深水油气勘探提供新思路。本次研究以靖海凹陷2D地震资料的地质构造解释为基础,描述新发现的拆离断层的几何学特征,对比靖海凹陷东、西部结构样式差异性;通过沉降史模拟结果和典型拆离断层生长发育过程分析,恢复了靖海凹陷自新生代以来的沉降和构造演化过程;结合研究区深部资料与国外深水盆地最新研究进展,探讨了盆地结构和构造演化过程与南海北部陆缘地壳和岩石圈的伸展、减薄以及破裂作用的关系。研究结果表明,靖海凹陷东部与西部的盆地结构样式存在差异性,西部发育大型拆离断层及其所控制的拆离盆地系统,东部则呈现为由多个简单的南断北超的半地堑盆地所构成的复式地堑结构。盆地的构造演化划分为断陷期和坳陷期,其中断陷又可细分为断陷Ⅰ幕和断陷Ⅱ幕。盆地断陷Ⅰ幕对应于南海北部陆缘伸展阶段,高角度断层普遍发育;盆地断陷Ⅱ幕对应于南海北部陆缘减薄阶段—剥露阶段,拆离断层发育;当南海北部岩石圈完全破裂之后,盆地进入到坳陷期。 相似文献
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琼东南盆地中央坳陷带拆离断层及其控盆作用 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Using regional geological, newly acquired 2D and 3D seismic, drilling and well log data, especially 2D long cable seismic profiles, the structure and stratigraphy in the deep-water area of Qiongdongnan Basin are interpreted. The geometry of No.2 fault system is also re-defined, which is an important fault in the central depression belt of the deep-water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin by employing the quantitative analysis techniques of fault activity and backstripping. Furthermore, the dynamical evolution of the No.2 fault sys-tem and its controls on the central depression belt are analyzed. This study indicates that the Qiongdongnan Basin was strongly influenced by the NW-trending tensile stress field during the Late Eocene. At this time, No.2 fault system initiated and was characterized by several discontinuous fault segments, which controlled a series small NE-trending fault basins. During the Oligocene, the regional extensional stress field changed from NW-SE to SN with the oceanic spreading of South China Sea, the early small faults started to grow along their strikes, eventually connected and merged as the listric shape of the No.2 fault system as ob-served today. No.2 fault detaches along the crustal Moho surface in the deep domain of the seismic profiles as a large-scale detachment fault. A large-scale rollover anticline formed in hanging wall of the detachment fault. There are a series of small fault basins in both limbs of the rollover anticline, showing that the early small basins were involved into fold deformation of the rollover anticline. Structurally, from west to east, the central depression belt is characterized by alternatively arranged graben and half-graben. The central depression belt of the Qiongdongnan Basin lies at the extension zone of the tip of the V-shaped northwest-ern ocean sub-basin of the South China Sea, its activity period is the same as the development period of the northwestern ocean sub-basin, furthermore the emplacement and eruption of magma that originated from the mantle b 相似文献
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被动陆缘洋陆转换带和岩石圈伸展破裂过程分析及其对南海陆缘深水盆地研究的启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作为伸展陆壳和正常洋壳之间重要的过渡和衔接,洋陆转换带(ocean-continent transition,简写为OCT)蕴含有丰富的地壳岩石圈伸展破裂过程的信息。文中通过系统的资料调研,在总结OCT研究历史、现状和发展趋势的基础上,阐明了OCT的现代概念、类型及其识别标志;详细介绍了以OCT为基础而建立的被动陆缘地壳岩石圈结构构造单元划分方案、表层沉积盆地构造地层格架及重要的构造变革界面特征;分析了大型拆离断层在地壳岩石圈薄化、地幔剥露过程中的控制作用;揭示了陆缘变形集中、迁移和叠合的规律,建立了被动陆缘岩石圈伸展、薄化、剥露和裂解模式。最后,论文对比了国际非岩浆型被动大陆边缘与我国南海OCT的研究,介绍了南海OCT和陆缘深水超深水盆地研究的新发现,提出深入研究南海OCT将为南海陆缘构造演化、洋盆扩张过程和深水超深水盆地的成因机制研究提供新的启示。 相似文献
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潮汕坳陷MZ-1井揭示的中生界为深入分析南海北部晚中生代的构造演化提供了关键性的资料.基于MZ-1井的标定，开展了系统的地震剖面构造-地层解释，在中生代地层内识别出Tm30区域性不整合面，同位素定年确定该界面发育于早白垩世末至晚白垩世初，落实了潮汕坳陷上白垩统的分布.此外，在研究区西南部识别出大型的兴宁—东沙逆冲推覆带，主要由多条NW—SE向延伸、西倾的叠瓦状逆冲断层及其伴生的不对称褶皱组成，其明显控制了上白垩统厚度分布.由此可见，上白垩统构造层不具有张裂盆地的典型特征，因此南海北部主动陆缘向被动陆缘的转换不会早于晚白垩世末.研究认为，在南海地区特提斯残留洋盆关闭的总背景下，在约80 Ma时期，南海地块与华南陆块强烈碰撞挤压，在靠近碰撞带处的礼乐滩、潮汕坳陷西南部形成褶皱冲断构造体系，进而控制了潮汕坳陷晚白垩世周缘前陆盆地的发育. 相似文献
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