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Blasting induced vibration is one of the fundamental problems in the open-pit mines and intense vibration can cause critical damage to structures and plants nearby the open-pit mines, especially to the final pit wall's stability. It is very important to study how to control vibration induced by blasting in the mitigation of negative effects of blasting in open-pit mines. This study aims to examine the propagation of blasting induced ground vibrations and find the feasible approaches to reduce the harmful effects of vibrations induced by blasting on the final pit wall's stability. For this purpose, a series of field experiments were conducted in XinQiao Mining Co. Ltd. Sixty-six events and the blasting parameters of these shots were carefully recorded. During the statistical analysis of the collected data, the predictor equation proposed by the United States Bureau of Mines (USBM) was used to establish a relationship between the Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) and the Scaled Distance (SD) factor. The relationship between PPV and SD was determined and proposed to be used in this open-pit mine. Control of maximum charge amount per delay and the selection optimum interval time to reduce the intensity of vibration by waveform interference were applied in practice. Based on the field experiments, we can determine the maximum charge amount per delay and 15 ms delay were proposed to be used in this site, and a decrease in vibration of 24.5% was obtained. 相似文献
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The chemical and biological characteristics of surface waters in Jinhae Bay were investigated over four seasons to understand water quality in light of the growing industrialisation occurring within this area. Jinhae Bay includes four smaller bays: Masan; Hangam; Jindong; and Gohyun. The water quality in Jinhae Bay varied spatially and seasonally. The water quality of both Hangam Bay and Masan Bay was highly degraded, demonstrating high concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, chlorophyll a and particulate organic carbon. Contamination from sewage was the dominant cause of the water quality deterioration in these bays. Conversely, the water quality in Jindong Bay and Gohyun Bay was not as severely affected as that of the above two bays. Water quality in Jinhae Bay was particularly poor in summer when nutrient loading was highest due to the run-off associated with high precipitation. Principal component analysis indicated that nitrogen contamination was a major factor influencing the water quality of Jinhae Bay. The effective reduction in high-nitrogen discharges is essential to improve water quality in Jinghae Bay. 相似文献
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2005年9月26日凌晨4时,32年来最强的台风“达维”在海南省万宁市山根镇沿海地区登陆。“达维”一路横扫,肆虐全省18市县,重创海南,直接经济总损失达116.47亿元。本文对这次台风的风暴潮特点及其成因进行了较深入的分析,初步探讨灾情分布,为今后该类台风风暴潮预报积累经验及防灾减灾提供基础资料依据。 相似文献
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The coastal population of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus found in Namibia is regionally isolated and unique. This population faces several potential anthropogenic threats, especially in Walvis Bay, including boat-based tourism, a commercial harbour undergoing expansion, and aquaculture for oysters and mussels. Between 2008 and 2012, 238 boat-based surveys were conducted, resulting in 170 encounters with bottlenose dolphins. Overall, group sizes varied from 1 to 45 individuals (mean 10.7). Encounter rates, group sizes and total numbers of animals identified were higher in winter than in summer field seasons. The number, and survival and immigration parameters, of bottlenose dolphins using Walvis Bay was investigated using robust design and Huggins closed-population mark-recapture models. The highest numbers estimated were in the first and last years of the study, with estimates of 74–82 in 2008 and 76–77 in 2012 (numbers identified and upper 95% confidence limits). The only previously available data, from an incomplete study in the early 1990s, suggested that the population was between 100 and 150 individuals at the time. Although no linear trend in population size was obvious during the current study, the clear evidence of isolation, small population size, low annual birth rate, and potential long-term decrease in numbers since the early 1990s is concerning. Further work to collect data on demographic parameters is urgently recommended with a view to obtaining increased protection for this species. 相似文献
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新疆包古图斑岩铜矿床成矿流体及成矿物质来源——来自硫、氢和氧同位素证据 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
包古图大型斑岩铜矿位于准噶尔盆地西缘。铜矿化主要呈浸染状、细脉浸染状分布于似斑状(石英)闪长岩、闪长玢岩、隐爆角砾岩和少量花岗闪长岩中。依据矿脉的穿插关系和矿物组合,成矿过程经历了黑云母-钾长石-钠长石阶段、石英-硫化物阶段和石英碳酸盐阶段。矿脉中石英的δDSMOW值介于-107‰～-86‰,δ18OSMOW值变化于11.3‰～16.2‰,δ18OH2O值为4.4‰～9.3‰,表明成矿流体来源为深源的岩浆水。硫化物的δ34S值介于-5.1‰～0.7‰,平均为-1.8‰,表明硫来源于深部岩浆或地幔。结合Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ号含矿岩体锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄及辉钼矿Re-Os年龄,推断包古图铜矿床成矿作用发生在晚石炭世,与中酸性斑岩体的侵入有密切成因关系。 相似文献
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Based on analyses of calcite twins, we constrain the tectonic history of the Paleozoic Sargaz complex within the SE part of the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone (hinterland domain of the Zagros orogen), SE Iran. The mean width of measured calcite twins was 1.97 μm, corresponding to the width of type II twins; variations in twin width with twin density indicate that calcite twinning in the study area occurred at temperatures of between 170 and 200°C. These results support the interpretation that the twins developed at a shallower depth and lower temperature than those of greenschist facies metamorphism recorded in this complex, and that twinning is therefore mainly a late, post-metamorphic deformation process. The c-axis fabrics of the studied samples are monoclinic, consisting of an intense point maximum located slightly anticlockwise of the normal to the shear plane; this asymmetry indicates non-coaxial deformation and a dextral component of shear in the thrust zones. The geometric relationship between stress axes and bedding reveals that the reconstructed stress tensors mainly post-date F1-folding. Compressional stress axes are oriented NE–SW. This compressional stress was probably related to the (oblique) subduction of the Neotethys beneath Central Iran by Middle Triassic–Jurassic times, during the Cimmerian orogeny. 相似文献
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Photoelectric observations of the two eclipsingvariables, were obtained in UBV standard system, for SWLac and, inVB standard system for OOAql.A new set of geometrical and physical elements for thesystems were obtained from both minima, through theirmagnitude variation during the observation time using themethod of: Fourier Analysis Techniques in-Frequency-domain for thelight curve changes. The two eclipsing variables are contact, the firstcontact angle was 48.1° for SW Lac and 47.7° for OO Aql.Absolute elements and effective temperatures of the twocomponents for both systems are derived. 相似文献