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1.
Water quality in Singapore's coastal area was evaluated with microbial indicators, pathogenic vibrios, chemical tracers and physico-chemical parameters. Sampling sites were grouped into two clusters (coastal sites at (i) northern and (ii) southern part of Singapore). The coastal sites located at northern part of Singapore along the Johor Straits exhibited greater pollution. Principal component analysis revealed that sampling sites at Johor Straits have greater loading on carbamazepine, while turbidity poses greater influence on sampling sites at Singapore Straits. Detection of pathogenic vibrios was also more prominent at Johor Straits than the Singapore Straits. This study examined the spatial variations in Singapore's coastal water quality and provided the baseline information for health risk assessment and future pollution management.  相似文献   
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A simple method for determining the thermal component of the EOS of solids under high pressure is proposed. Application to the interior of the Earth gives results in agreement with recent geophysical data.  相似文献   
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This paper discusses the integration of three-dimensional (3D) geographic information systems (GIS) and video surveillance systems using augmented reality (AR) techniques. The motivation for this integration is to overcome problems faced by conventional video surveillance systems. Explicit information concerning which camera currently monitors what area in such systems is missing; therefore, insight into the situation depends heavily on the operator’s training and experience. To ensure the complete coordination and monitoring of a situation in a system with multiple cameras, it is necessary to introduce a single reference system. GIS arises as a natural solution because it not only provides a solid ground truth but also provides semantic information that can be highly important in certain video surveillance applications. To integrate information into a GIS application, that information must be georeferenced. Based on our previous research regarding the addition of georeferencing information to surveillance video, this paper introduces models that can be applied to help integrate video and GIS. With an analogy to Milgram’s continuum between the real world and virtual reality, and analogous to the augmented reality and augmented virtuality in Milgram’s continuum, two models of integration are defined here: GIS-augmented video and video-augmented GIS. Then, we define the architecture of GIS-based video surveillance based on these proposed integration models, and finally, a prototype is implemented. The implemented prototype serves as a basis for analysing possible applications of real-world systems based on the integration of GIS and video.  相似文献   
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A model of the internal structure of Neptune has been calculated according to the Savi?-Ka?anin theory of behaviour of materials under high pressure.  相似文献   
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We present 19 examples of materials whose high pressure phase transition points can be determined within a particular classical theory of dense matter. Theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results, and some possible causes of discrepancies are discussed.  相似文献   
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When subject to high pressure, H2 and 3He are expected to undergo phase transitions, and to become metallic at a sufficiently high pressure. Using a semiclassical theory of dense matter proposed by Savi and Kaanin, calculations of phase transition and metallisation pressure have been performed for these two materials. In hydrogen, metallisation occurs at p M= (3.0 ± 0.2) Mbar, while for helium the corresponding value is p M= (106 ± 1) Mbar. A phase transition occurs in helium at p tr= (10.0 ± 0.4) Mbar. These values are close to the results obtainable by more rigorous methods. Possibilities of experimental verification of the calculations are briefly discussed.  相似文献   
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Hydrodynamic models are commonly used for predicting water levels and currents in the deep ocean, ocean margins and shelf seas. Their accuracy is typically limited by factors, such as the complexity of the coastal geometry and bathymetry, plus the uncertainty in the flow forcing (deep ocean tide, winds and pressure). In Southeast Asian waters with its strongly hydrodynamic characteristics, the lack of detailed marine observations (bathymetry and tides) for model validation is an additional factor limiting flow representation. This paper deals with the application of ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF)-based data assimilation with the purpose of improving the deterministic model forecast. The efficacy of the EnKF is analysed via a twin experiment conducted with the 2D barotropic Singapore regional model. The results show that the applied data assimilation can improve the forecasts significantly in this complex flow regime.  相似文献   
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On dynamical grounds Neptune's satellite Triton is believed to be a captured body. We present nondynamical arguments in favour of this idea.  相似文献   
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This research presents an error correction scheme based on artificial neural networks, and demonstrates its application on water level forecast for the Singapore water. The error correction scheme combines the numerical model outputs with the in situ measurements on a two-step basis: (1) predicting the model errors at the measurement stations and (2) distributing the predicted errors to the nonmeasurement stations. Artificial neural networks are used in both error prediction and error distribution as the mapping function approximators. The efficiency of this scheme is tested on six water level stations in the Singapore regional model domain with four prediction horizons. The results show that this error correction scheme produces high-precision forecasts, and improves the forecast accuracy at both measurement and nonmeasurement stations.  相似文献   
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