三峡工程运用后坝下游河道泥沙输移变化规律   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

郭小虎  渠庚  刘亚  刘心愿 《湖泊科学》2020,32(2):564-572

三峡工程蓄水后"清水"下泄,坝下游河段将会长期处于严重不饱和状态,水流含沙量沿程恢复将会引起坝下游长距离冲刷,本文根据三峡工程蓄水前、后的实测资料分析了坝下游河道泥沙输移变化规律,探索不同粒径组沙量沿程恢复对河床冲刷的影响,得到以下结论:在蓄水初期d≤0.031 mm沙量恢复主要受河床补给与江湖入汇共同的影响,随着水库下泄该粒径组沙量递减,使得各站该粒径组年均输沙量均远小于蓄水前的水平,沙量恢复仍主要受河床补给与江湖入汇的影响,这是造成坝下游河道发生长距离冲刷的主要原因之一;在蓄水初期0.031 mmd≤0.125 mm沙量恢复主要受河床补给的影响,但江湖入汇的影响较大,随着河床补给量逐渐减少,各站该粒径组年均输沙量均小于蓄水前的水平,沙量恢复仍主要受河床补给的影响,江湖入汇的影响逐渐减小,这也是坝下游河道发生长距离冲刷的主要原因之一; d0.125 mm沙量恢复主要受河床补给的影响,蓄水初期该粒径组沙量在宜昌监利河段沿程恢复速率较快,且在监利站达到蓄水前的水平,随着时间推移,在宜昌监利河段沿程恢复且速率仍较快,在监利站达到最大值,其数值逐渐小于蓄水前的水平,这是造成坝下游河道冲刷重点集中在宜昌监利河段的主要原因.  相似文献   

Genesis of S-type Granites in the Pengshan Sn-polymetallic Ore Field, Northern Jiangxi Province and its Implications     

YIN Qingqing  XIANG Xinkui  YU Zhendong  YANG Xiufeng  WANG Tianchen  ZHONG Bo  TAN Rong  LIAO Jianhai  ZHU Yuansong 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(6):1860-1873

The Pengshan Sn-polymetallic ore field is located in the southeastern part of the Yangtze block, spanning the southeast edge of the MLYDZ and the northern edge of the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift, and on one side of the MLYDZ. The studies of LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb chronology and petrogeochemistry for Early Cretaceous acid granites from the Pengshan ore field were carried out in this paper. We report zircon U–Pb geochronology and whole-rock geochemistry for acid granites in the Pengshan ore field. The zircon U–Pb ages of the muscovite-granite, biotite adamellite and granite-porphyry are 127.6 ± 1.7 Ma, 126.9 ± 1.6 Ma and 126.6 ± 2.0 Ma, respectively. The granites in Pengshan are characterized by a high silicon content and are rich in alkali. They belong to high-potassium, calc-alkaline, peraluminous granite. The rocks have a relatively high Rb/Ba ratio, and the data points for muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite all fall within the clay-rich sources region, near the pelite-derived end-member, showing that the Pengshan muscovite-granite and biotite adamellite mainly originated from the partial melting of metapelites with high maturity. The transformation of the compressional and extensional tectonics in this region approximately 128 Ma obviously lags behind that in the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift (135 Ma), but occurred earlier than the MLYDZ (126 Ma). The Pengshan ore field extends from the mid-segment of the Jiangnan Uplift to the MLYDZ. Although the tectonic stress field is constrained by the combination of the two secondary tectonic units, the time of tectonic system transformation is closer to the MLYDZ because the spatial orientation of the area is enclosed in the MLYDZ. Relevant geophysical and drilling data confirm the rationality of Pengshan–Ao’xia as a multi-center vertical zoning ore field, and show the scientificity of the prospecting idea of abutting joint between the north-west of Pengshan area and the south-east of Ao’xia area.  相似文献   

2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震序列特征及后续趋势分析     

向元  聂晓红  李金  刘建明 《内陆地震》2020,(1):20-29

介绍2020年1月18日新疆伽师M S5.4和1月19日M S6.4两次地震的基本参数、震源机制解、精定位等资料,分析伽师M S6.4地震序列类型、序列衰减特征和余震序列各项数字地震学资料,并就该序列与历史地震序列进行对比,提出震后趋势判定意见。分析认为,该序列为前—主—余型,余震序列衰减较为迅速。  相似文献   

Determination of the Total Ozone Content in Cloudy Conditions based on Data from the IKFS-2 Spectrometer onboard the Meteor-M no. 2 Satellite     

Garkusha  A. S.  Polyakov  A. V.  Timofeev  Yu. M.  Virolainen  Ya. A.  Kukharsky  A. V. 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2018,54(9):1244-1248

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - A new technique has been developed to obtain the total ozone content (TOC) under cloudy conditions from the spectra of outgoing thermal IR radiation...  相似文献   

Effect of Bank Deformations on Pollutant Transport in Rivers in Cryolithozone: Laboratory and Mathematical Modeling     

E. I. Debol’skaya  I. I. Gritsuk  V. K. Debol’skii  D. N. Ionov  O. Ya. Maslikova 《Water Resources》2018,45(4):542-552

The study is focused on pollution transport in rivers flowing in cryolithozone and takes into account possible channel deformations caused by thawing of permafrost rocks in which the channel runs. The methods used are laboratory and mathematical modeling. The mathematical model consists of four blocks: hydrodynamic, thermal, deformation, and pollutant transport. The model was validated and tested against the data of a laboratory experiment. Numerical experiments suggested conclusions regarding the propagation of pollutants entering the flow from sources in thawing bank slopes and on river floodplain.  相似文献   

Method for Constructing a Model of a Geoelectric Section Taking into Account Seasonal Variations Based on Data from Long-Term Vertical Electric Sounding Monitoring in Search of Earthquake Precursors     

A. V. Desherevskii  I. N. Modin  A. Ya. Sidorin 《Seismic Instruments》2018,54(4):424-436

The study analyzes data from high-precision measurements of the apparent resistivity by a stationary multielectrode vertical electric sounding (VES) system including 12 current and 4 potential lines spaced 2–650 m apart. Observations had been being carried out at the Garm test area on a daily basis for 12 years in an earthquake prediction experiment. The use of special technical methods during measurements ensured an instrumental error of about 0.01%. The virtual error of each individual measurement of apparent resistivity (taking into account all possible noise) was 0.1–0.2%. The availability of more than 3000 VES curves measured in different seasons allows us to propose a new approach to constructing a geoelectric section model. To solve the inverse VES problem, a set of 36 averaged 10-day VES curves was analyzed, each of which was obtained by averaging approximately 100 individual VES curves accumulated in the same 10-day period of the annual (seasonal) cycle in different years. Comparative analysis of these curves made it possible to calculate and include corrections for stationary geological noise in the model. As a result, it was possible to substantially reduce (by an order of magnitude) the discrepancies in fitting the curves and dramatically narrow the equivalence domain. Based on the results of our analysis, we have constructed a model of a four-layer horizontally layered geoelectric section of the Khazor-Chashma depression to adequately describe not only the averaged section, but also its seasonal variations throughout the year. The stability in estimating the model parameters is studied. To further reduce the equivalence domain, we propose that the layer thicknesses be fixed. This model can be used not only to study the aforementioned characteristics of the section, but also to monitor time variations of resistivity in individual layers of the section. This will significantly improve the resolving power of systems for detecting time variations in geoelectric sections, including when searching for earthquake precursors.  相似文献   

2013年岷县—漳县M_S6.6地震前水氡浓度的临界慢化现象研究     

王熠熙  李赫  王博  杨朋涛  王俊  向阳  王喜龙  李悦 《地震》2018,38(1):128-138

基于临界慢化理论, 以2013年7月22日甘肃岷县—漳县M_S6.6地震前南北构造带及邻区水氡浓度观测资料为例, 逐一计算了表征临界慢化现象的自相关系数和方差。 研究结果表明, 2013年岷县—漳县M_S6.6地震前, 10个台点水氡浓度资料表现出较明显的临界慢化现象, 且出现慢化现象的观测点空间分布具有一定丛集性, 慢化持续时间呈现出由南向北迁移的特征。 综合分析认为, 临界慢化方法可以有效识别水氡资料蕴含的慢化信息, 这些早期异常信号对判定前兆异常所处阶段以及深入理解前兆资料变化的物理内涵具有重要的科学意义。  相似文献   

印度尼西亚北苏拉威西蓝碧海峡浮游动物种类组成及分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王彦国  陈小银  邢炳鹏  孙柔鑫  FITRIA Nurul  项鹏  王春光  林茂 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(12):35-44

Based on oceanographic survey data in June 2012 in the Lembeh Strait, the zooplankton ecological characteristics such as species composition, individual abundance, dominant species and distribution were analyzed. The results showed that 183 species(including 4 sp.) had been recognized, most of them belonged to copepoda.Cnidaria followed with 43 species(including 1 sp.) were identified. The average abundance of zooplankton was(150.47±58.91) ind./m~3. As to the horizontal distribution, the abundance of the zooplankton was higher in the southern waters than in the northern waters. The dominant species in the study area were Lensia subtiloides,Sagitta enflata, Lucifer intermedius, Oikopleura rufescens, Diphyes chamissoni, Creseis acicula, Subeucalanus subcrassus, Temora discaudata, Aglaura hemistoma, Doliolum denticulatum, Canthocalanus pauper, Oikopleura longicauda and Nanomia bijuga. Zooplankton biodiversity indexes were higher in study area than previous study in the other regions. The findings from this study provide important baseline information for future research and monitoring programs.  相似文献   

太空搭载海水钝顶螺旋藻诱变株H_(11)的室外产多糖特性研究     

谭丽  李涛  吴华莲  吴嘉仪  向文洲  刘德海 《海洋通报》2018,(3):328-334

本研究对一株经太空搭载后选育的海水钝顶螺旋藻诱变株H_(11)的室外产多糖能力进行了评估。结果显示,在广州秋季室外平均温度为27°C下,诱变株H_(11)的生物量产率、总糖含量、总多糖含量和水溶性多糖含量分别为19.09±0.03 mg/(L·d)、27.89±1.28%DW、20.95±0.87%DW和19.74±0.93%DW。与野生株WT相比,H_(11)的生物量、总糖、总多糖和水溶性多糖的产率分别提高了15.39%,148.93%,176.50%和187.70%。在冬季室外平均培养温度为17°C条件下,诱变株和野生株生长速率及多糖产率都有所降低,但诱变株在产多糖能力上仍显著高于野生株(P0.05)。研究表明海水钝顶螺旋藻诱变株H_(11)产多糖能力极高,具有可观的产业应用前景。  相似文献   

底泥就地稳定化中零价铁(Fe⁰)对有机污染物的作用及其对上覆水体水质的影响     

章萍  相明雪  马若男  刘强  葛刚  钱光人 《湖泊科学》2018,30(5):1218-1224

在实验室模拟静态湖泊体系条件下,通过向实际底泥中投加零价铁(Fe~0),考察反应前后底泥中有机物数量、种类、总有机质含量以及上覆水体溶解氧(DO)浓度、氧化还原电位(Eh)、pH和化学需氧量(CODCr)浓度等指标的变化,探讨Fe~0对底泥有机物的降解效果以及对上覆水体水质的影响.结果表明,投加Fe~0处理80 d后,(1)经GC-MS检测出底泥中易被降解的小分子有机物(分子量小于200)数量明显增多,底泥总有机去除率为44%.(2)上覆水体的DO浓度、Eh和pH都有不同程度的变化.DO浓度从6.6 mg/L迅速下降至0.2 mg/L,Eh从150 mV左右下降至74 mV,pH升高至8.4,此体系易形成厌氧环境;且上覆水体中CODCr低于纯底泥-水体系,上覆水中DO浓度、Eh及pH与CODCr浓度具有一定相关性.综上,底泥中投加Fe~0可有效降解有机物,且不会对上覆水体产生持久、较大的影响.  相似文献