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基于GIS的羌塘高原冰川系统雪线场的建立及其空间分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据羌塘高原冰川系统测量雪线高度(ELAh)与冰川平均高度(Hm e)之间存在较好的线性关系,计算了其所有冰川的雪线高度ELAhc。量算的ELAh与计算的ELAhc十分接近,整个羌塘高原的差值(ELAh-ELAhc)平均仅为0.16 m,说明采用这种方法计算的雪线高度ELAhc是可信的。通过对比发现:在编绘雪线高度场时,将冰川系统内相邻冰川分组平均而生成的雪线场克服了地形雪线的影响,比未进行分组平均的雪线场更为美观整洁,规律性也很明显。羌塘高原冰川系统雪线场分布具有如下特征:(1)从南向北,雪线逐渐降低;(2)从东到西,雪线随之升高。从总体上来看,羌塘高原雪线从西南向东北逐渐降低的趋势,但变幅不大,多数在5 700 m以上,但最高值不在气温最高的南部或降水最少的西北部,而在隆格尔山,高达6 000 m以上,不仅是本区和青藏高原内陆水系雪线最高的,也是迄今所知北半球最高雪线所在地。其次分别为波波嘎屋峰、土则岗日和藏色岗日附近,最低值在金阳岗日附近,这是本区降水量从东南向西北减少、气温由南向北降低对雪线综合作用的结果。 相似文献
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农户对农村居民点整合的意愿及其驱动机制——以重庆市沙坪坝区曾家镇白林村为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
农村居民点整合作为乡村治理的重要内容,在时间上,既要与农村居民点建设相联系,又要真实反映未农户的居住意愿、需求与偏好;在空间上,既要满足不同农户的生产、生活需求,还要考虑农户所在村落的空间层次;尊重农户的整合意愿与发挥农村居民点整合效应间的耦合,已成为农村居民点整合和解决民生的重心。研究选取重庆市沙坪坝区曾家镇白林村为样点,采取“PRA(Participatory Rural Appraisal)+3S(GIS+RS+GPS)”的方法建立“农户—土地”空间特征与属性特征一体化数据库,按农户生计资产配置结构和未来生计发展趋势,剖析不同类型农户对农村居民点整合的意愿及其驱动机制。结果表明:农户农村居民点整合意愿各异,非农专业化发展型(72.82%)>非农多样化发展型(49.66%)>兼业发展型(44.44%)>农业专业化发展型(36.84%)>农业多样化发展型(37.33%)。农户农村居民点整合意愿受家庭经济、居住环境、社会交往及政策等多种因素的影响,而农户后顾生计来源及其收入变化、居住条件、邻里关系、社会地位感知是农户农村居民点整合意愿形成的重要驱动机制。 相似文献
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With rapid urbanization and the socio-economic transformation, cultivated land protection has gradually become a major concern in China. The economic compensation plays a crucial role in promoting cultivated land protection and improving the utilization ratio of cultivated land. Farmer household's satisfaction has a great influence on the effectiveness of compensation. Therefore, households' willingness to select the economic compensation pattern for cultivated land protection has been considered and re-examined. By employing Participatory Rural Appraisal method(PRA), 3 villages and 392 households were investigated and sampled in mesa and hilly areas of Chongqing. Then a quantitative analysis framework of household livelihood hexagon has been developed to quantify the livelihood assets of different farmer households. Finally, the Gray Relation Model and Probit Regression Model have been employed to explore the coupling relationship between the household livelihood assets and their compensation pattern options. The results show that there are both qualitative and spatial heterogeneity in household livelihood assets. We found that the inequality of livelihood assets is evident for five household types. There is a spatial trend that the higher the elevation, the less livelihood assets are. In addition, their options of economic compensation pattern vary from Chengdu Pattern to Foshan Pattern due to their difference in livelihood assets and difference in location. In detail, there is a coupling relationship between household livelihood assets and their compensation pattern; negative correlation is observed between natural assets value and household pattern options, while the other livelihood assets have positive impacts on compensation pattern in varying degrees, which from the top are psychological assets, human assets, physical assets, financial assets, and social assets respectively. A conceptual compensation pattern system has been designed to meet the demands for farmer households mainly according to their shortage in livelihood assets. In addition, compensation method, compensation standard, the basis of compensation and the source of compensation funds have been proposed accordingly. 相似文献
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于2015年8月,在敦煌阳关国家级自然保护区中的渥洼池湿地,设置了52块采样地,采用野外调查和室内实验方法,研究不同植物盖度下,优势植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)叶片碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征及其影响因素。结果表明,芦苇叶片中的平均全碳、全氮和全磷质量比分别为215.20~453.65 mg/g、9.64~25.80 mg/g和1.19~2.98 mg/g,碳氮比、碳磷比和氮磷比分别为12.25~40.81、96.46~316.02和4.35~15.34。芦苇叶片全碳、全氮和全磷含量都在低盖度下最大,碳氮比在高盖度下最大,碳磷比和氮磷比在中盖度下最大。芦苇叶片全碳含量、全磷含量与所有土壤理化因子都不相关;全氮含量与0~20 cm深度土壤含水量、40~60 cm深度土壤全氮含量显著负相关(n=52,p0.05),与0~60 cm土壤含盐量显著正相关(n=52,p0.05);芦苇叶片碳氮比与0~20 cm、40~60 cm深度土壤含盐量和40~60 cm深度土壤全氮含量显著正相关(n=52,p0.05);芦苇叶片碳磷比和氮磷比与0~20 cm深度土壤有机碳含量显著正相关(n=52,p0.05)。氮元素是研究区中芦苇生长的主要限制性因子。 相似文献
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赤峰市近４０年气温变化分析王利平，李俊有，刘坡生（赤峰市气象局）近年来关于气候变暖问题已引起人们的普遍关注。在全球气候变暖背景下，赤峰市气候变化如何？有什么规律和特点？对此，本文在参考有关技术资料基础上对本市近４０年来的温度变化情况进行分析和探讨。为... 相似文献
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农业气象预测预报（农业产量年景，气候资源，气象与病虫害等），是气象为农业服务的重要手段之一。如果把农业气象服务的全部工作或农业气候资源开发与利用等作为一个大系统来考虑的话，那么农业气象预报可看成是其中一个重要的子系统。该子系统程序技巧复杂，设计难度大。因此，其内在质量的优与劣，往往关系到整个系统总体的开发水平。本文给出一个通用型的农业气象预报系统外壳，它既可以作为一个相对独立的系统自己开工运行，也可以连接在任何一个大型系统之下，执行主控发出的指令。 相似文献
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