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凡星 《天文爱好者》2021,(1):17-22

几乎不含重元素的球状星团球状星团是由成千上万甚至数十万颗恒星组成的恒星群体,外形通常大致呈球形,外围恒星比较疏散,越往中心,恒星越密集。通常球状星团当中的恒星诞生于银河系形成早期,这时候宇宙当中金属元素还不多,因此其中恒星的金属丰度也通常比较低。  相似文献   

赣南于都盆地恐龙蛋化石产地分布及赋存地层特征          下载免费PDF全文

于成涛  凡秀君  衷亮云 《华东地质》2020,(4):396-402

摘要: 以于都盆地恐龙蛋化石产地调查为基础,通过研究化石赋存岩性和实测地层剖面特征,明确了恐龙蛋化石集中产于晚白垩世周田组,从平面与柱状剖面上阐述了恐龙蛋化石分布特征,并结合化石出土种类、形态、数量及其赋存岩性段等特点,分析探讨了恐龙产卵滨湖-浅湖相沉积环境以及恐龙蛋化石原地-准原地埋藏环境,为进一步研究周田期盆地演化规律、古环境提供实际资料。  相似文献   

New observations and transit solutions of the inflated exoplanets HAT-P-40b and HAT-P-51b     

Diana P.Kjurkchieva  Nikola I.Petrov  Velimir A.Popov 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2021,(2)

We present high-precision photometric observations of the transiting exoplanets HAT-P-40 b and HAT-P-51 b by the Rozhen 2-m telescope.The newly-observed transit of HAT-P-40 b is the first one with a complete curve.The orbital periods of the two targets were improved.We modeled the observed transits and found bigger stellar radii than those derived from the stellar models.The planet radii of HATP-40 b and HAT-P-51 b obtained from our transit solutions are bigger than the values calculated by the empirical relations for Jupiter-mass and Saturn-mass planets respectively.Their values reveal the highlyinflated nature of the two targets,especially that of HAT-P-51 b.We established that the best transit solutions correspond to a quadratic limb-darkening law.The fitted limb-darkening coefficients of HAT-P-40 are close to the theoretical ones while those of HAT-P-51 are a little different.The precise astrometric Gaia distances of the two targets are smaller by 6%–7%than the calculated values from the stellar models.We propose the Gaia distances to be used for improvement of the stellar models as well as for more reliable calculation of the parameters of the known exoplanets.  相似文献   

Differentiated payments for environmental services schemes: Amethodology proposal     

Carlos R.AGUILAR-GóMEZ  Sergio FRANCO-MAASS  Tizbe T.ARTEAGA-REYES 《山地科学学报》2018,15(8):1693-1710

Payment schemes for environmental services face serious budget constraints in Mexico. Payments are equally distributed among forest owners, and the governmental agencies that make payments to beneficiaries do not evaluate the amount of environmental services produced by forested areas. This lack of evaluation could lead to economic and environmental deficiencies that restrict the possible benefits of such programmes. In general, these programmes do not achieve their conservation objectives, and local beneficiaries are not involved in the design or application of these programmes. Similarly, the Payments for Hydrological Environmental Services (PHES) programme of the State of Mexico, Mexico, makes equal payments to beneficiaries of forested areas considering tree density. The objective of the present work was to create a methodology for determining differentiated payments schemes for hydrological environmental services, prioritising areas that contribute the most to groundwater recharge and promote the participation of society. In the Nevado de Toluca Natural Protected Area, the environmental criteria of forest type, tree density and aquifer overexploitation as well as social participation were considered in a multi-criteria analysis implemented in a Geographic Information System. A methodology was developed to determine differentiated payments based on specific forest characteristics that influence the potential capacity of forests to recharge groundwater reserves in addition to the level of social participation. In particular, social participation is key as it could ensure the viability of PHES programmes as conservation alternatives in forested areas with high groundwater recharge potential.  相似文献   

卡里马塔海峡水体交换的季节变化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王研  徐腾飞  李淑江  Susanto R. Dwi  Agustiadi Teguh  Trenggono Mukti  谭伟  魏泽勋 《海洋学报(英文版)》2019,38(4):47-57

Four trawl-resistant bottom mounts, with acoustic Doppler current profilers(ADCPs) embedded, were deployed in the Karimata Strait from November 2008 to June 2015 as part of the South China Sea-Indonesian Seas Transport/Exchange and Impact on Seasonal Fish Migration(SITE) Program, to estimate the volume and property transport between the South China Sea and Indonesian seas via the strait. The observed current data reveal that the volume transport through the Karimata Strait exhibits significant seasonal variation. The winteraveraged(from December to February) transport is –1.99 Sv(1 Sv=1×10~6 m~3/s), while in the boreal summer(from June to August), the average transport is 0.69 Sv. Moreover, the average transport from January 2009 to December2014 is –0.74 Sv(the positive/negative value indicates northward/southward transport). May and September are the transition period. In May, the currents in the Karimata Strait turn northward, consistent with the local monsoon. In September, the southeasterly trade wind is still present over the strait, driving surface water northward, whereas the bottom flow reverses direction, possibly because of the pressure gradient across the strait from north to south.  相似文献   

Morphological and molecular evidence supports the first occurrence of two fishes,Siganus sutor(Valenciennes, 1835)and Seriolina nigrofasciata(Rüppell, 1829)(Actinopterygii:Perciformes), from marine waters of Odisha coast,Bay of Bengal,India     

Barik Tapan K.  Swain Surya N.  Sahu Bijayalaxmi  Tripathy Bibarani  Acharya Usha R. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(6):26-35

Marine ecosystems provide a wide variety of diverse habitats that frequently promote migration and ecological adaptation. The extent to which the geographic distribution of marine organism has reshaped by human activities remains underappreciated. The limitations intrinsic to morphology-based identification systems have engendered an urgent need for reliable genetic methods that enable the unequivocal recognition of fish species,particularly those that are prone to overexploitation and/or market substitution. In the present study, however, an attempt has been taken to identify two locally adapted fish species, Siganus sutor(Valenciennes, 1835) and Seriolina nigrofasciata(Rüppell, 1829) of order Perciformes, which happens to be the first record in Odisha coast,Bay of Bengal. The diagnostic characteristics of Siganus sutor are: dorsal fin XIII-10, anal fin VII-9, pectoral fin 15,pelvic fin II-3, while that of Seriolina nigrofasciata dorsal fin VI-I-35, anal fin I-17, pectoral fin 16, pelvic fin 5. All COI barcodes generated in this study were matched with reference sequences of expected species, according to morphological identification. Bayesian and likelihood phylogenetic trees were drawn based on DNA barcodes and all the specimens clustered in agreement with their taxonomic classification at the species level. The phylogeographic studies based on haplotype network and migration rates suggest that both the species were not panmitic and the high-frequency population distribution indicates successful migration. The result of this study provides an important validation of the use of DNA barcode sequences for monitoring species diversity and changes within a complex marine ecosystem.  相似文献   

獐子岛养殖区夏季底层水温快速变化的机理分析     

南学良  魏皓  凡仁福  杨伟 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,42(5):46-54

Rapid changes in the near-bottom water temperature are important environmental factors that can significantly affect the growth and development of species in the bottom culture. The object of this research is to investigate the mechanism causing these rapid changes within a bottom culture area near the Zhangzi Island. The hydrographic transects observations in the North Yellow Sea(NYS) suggest that our mooring station is very close to the tidal mixing front. The horizontal advection of the tidal front has induced the observed tidal change of bottom temperature at the mooring station. Analysis of the mooring near-bottom temperature and current measurements show that the angle between the tidal current horizontal advection and the swing of the tidal front is crucial in determining the variation trend of temperature. When the angle equals 90°, the horizontal tidal current advects along the isotherms so the temperature remains the same. When the angle is between 0° and 90°, the seawater moves from deep water to the warmer coastal zone and the temperature decreases. In contrast, the horizontal tidal advection moves the coastal warm water to the mooring station and the water temperature increases when the angle is between 90° and 180°. The amplitude of the temperature change is proportional to the magnitude of the horizontal temperature gradient and the tidal excursion in the direction of the temperature gradient. This study may facilitate the choice of culture area in order to have a good aquaculture production.  相似文献   

黄河现行清水沟流路汊河运用方案探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王开荣  凡姚申  韩沙沙  杜小康 《海洋科学》2020,44(10):91-100

对黄河河口现行清水沟流路范围内不同汊河的形成、演化及其特征进行了梳理总结，围绕汊河不同运用方案的影响效应进行了论证分析。研究表明：现行清水沟流路范围内的汊河运用方案不适用于多汊河轮流行河模式、同时行河与轮流行河联合模式和同时行河模式，而采用单一汊河轮流行河模式可以充分发挥海洋输沙动力，保证河口海域向外海的较大输沙量，对延长清水沟流路使用年限更有利，更为科学和经济合理。在现行清8汊河达到改道标准后，应优先使用老河道汊河，该方案不仅有利于未来海岸线的均衡发展，而且更有利于延长清水沟流路的使用年限。  相似文献   

黄河三角洲工程防护区海床侵蚀过程与不稳定性评估     

凡姚申  陈沈良  窦身堂  于守兵  杜小康 《海岸工程》2020,39(2):77-85

近年来受入海水沙减少、海岸带高强度开发和海洋动力作用等的影响,黄河三角洲近岸海床侵蚀凸显。基于实测地形和波浪资料,研究了黄河三角洲工程防护区海床侵蚀过程及稳定性变化。工程防护区海床侵蚀主要分布在近岸10 km内,2007—2015年距岸8 km区域内表现强烈侵蚀,堤前海床较2000—2007年时段侵蚀量增大,海床侵蚀向岸加剧。随着现行河口沙嘴的淤积延伸和孤东浅水区的不断侵蚀,孤东南大堤外海逐渐形成了"近岸区深,远岸区浅"的反剖面形态。随着工程防护区近岸持续侵蚀,等深线不断向岸移动,堤前海床不稳定性逐渐加剧,2015年84.20%的堤前海床处于强或极强不稳定状态。本研究可为新形势下黄河三角洲综合治理提供科学依据。  相似文献   

近20年渤海叶绿素a浓度时空变化   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

田洪阵  刘沁萍  Joaquim I. Goes  Helga do Rosario Gomes  杨萌萌 《海洋学报》2019,41(8):131-140

浮游植物作为食物链的基础，对海洋生态系统具有重要作用。渤海作为我国最大的内海和重要渔业生物的产卵场、育幼场和索饵场，该区浮游植物研究具有重要意义。叶绿素a浓度是反映浮游植物生物量的重要指标。利用Google Earth Engine平台，对1997–2010年的宽视场海洋观测传感器(SeaWiFS)叶绿素a浓度数据和2002–2018年的水色卫星中分辨率成像光谱仪传感器(MODIS Aqua)叶绿素a浓度数据进行合并，并研究其时空变化特征。研究表明，近20年来，渤海全年叶绿素a浓度增加了14.1%，且增加显著。叶绿素a浓度在所有季节都呈现增加趋势；除11月外，其他各月都呈现稳定或增加趋势。从滦河入河口沿岸至渤海海峡的渤海中部，叶绿素a浓度增加较明显。同时也分析了海洋表面温度、风速和降水量数据。夏季渤海周边区域降水量和风速增加以及秋季海表温度的降低都有助于同季叶绿素a浓度的升高。渤海浮游植物可能受陆源营养物质输入影响较大。  相似文献