Impact of anthropogenic activities on the groundwater resources of the unconfined aquifer of Triffa plain (Eastern Morocco)     

Abdelhafid Fekkoul  Yassine Zarhloule  Mimoun Boughriba  Alae-eddine Barkaoui  Abdelhakim Jilali  Salem Bouri 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(12):4917-4924

Located at the northeastern part of Morocco, the plain of Triffa is characterized by a semi-arid climate where water resources are rather fragile and influenced by a highly irregular rainfall distribution, both in time (annual and inter-annual distribution) and in space. The mean annual rainfall does not exceed 240 mm. In the Triffa plain, the impact of anthropogenic activities on the groundwater resources is reflected both by (a) the decrease in the piezometric level due to the over exploitation and droughts and (b) the deterioration of the chemical quality of water. Currently, this situation is felt mainly by the farmers. The unconfined aquifer is under stress due to the increase of the pollution rate, especially by nitrates that are above the WHO standards, and salinity. Organochlorine pesticides are ubiquitous and persistent organic pollutants used widely in agriculture. Due to their extensive use in agriculture, organic environment contaminants such as hexachlorocyclohexane, DDT, and DDD along organochlorine pesticides are distributed globally by transport through water. Pesticides such as aldrin, lindane, and heptachlor have also been detected and were considered as indicators showing the need to inform and to train farmers on the pesticides and fertilizers use in order to reduce the threat of groundwater contamination.  相似文献   

Reconstruction of remote climate change from borehole temperature measurement in the eastern part of Morocco     

A. E. Barkaoui  A. Correia  Y. Zarhloule  A. Rimi  J. Carneiro  M. Boughriba  M. Verdoya 《Climatic change》2013,118(2):431-441

Data from temperature measurements in boreholes are indicators of the temperature variations associated with past climate change. This paper is a contribution to reconstruct the ground surface temperature history (GSTH) from geothermal data in the eastern part of Morocco. From a set of several temperature logs, measured in the study area, only two were found suitable for estimating the ground surface temperature history (GSTH). In order to reconstruct the surface temperature past changes the functional space inversion method (FSI) was used. The inversion reveals a recent warming in the last century with respective amplitude of 0.1 °C and 1 °C for the boreholes 2952 in Oujda and 1624 in Berkane. These results can be confirmed by the air temperature record of the meteorical station in Oujda despite the scarceness of data beyond 1959.  相似文献   

Hydrogeochemical investigations of thermal waters in the northeastern part of Morocco     

A. E. Barkaoui  Y. Zarhloule  A. Rimi  M. Verdoya  S. Bouri 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(4):1767-1780

Northeastern Morocco is characterised by a large number of surface geothermal manifestations. Thermal waters are hosted within sedimentary rocks, and in particular the Liassic dolomitic limestones act as a reservoir. The presence of geothermal waters is closely related to important fault systems. Meteoric water infiltrates along those fractures and faults, gets heated, and then returns to the surface through hydrothermal conduits. Most of the thermal waters are of Na–Cl and Ca–Mg–HCO₃ types. In this paper different geochemical approaches were applied to infer the reservoir temperature. Na–K–Mg^1/2 ternary diagram points to temperatures ranging from 100 to 180 °C. Cation geothermometers suggest an average reservoir temperature of about 100 °C. Mineral solution equilibria analysis yields temperatures ranging from 50 to 185 °C. The silica enthalpy mixture model gives an average value (about 110 °C) higher than that inferred from cation geothermometers.  相似文献   

Groundwater vulnerability and risk mapping of the Angad transboundary aquifer using DRASTIC index method in GIS environment   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mimoun Boughriba  Alae-eddine Barkaoui  Yassine Zarhloule  Zakariae Lahmer  Boubker El Houadi  Massimo Verdoya 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2010,3(2):207-220

The protection and preservation of groundwater resources are compulsory, particularly in the arid and semiarid countries where the waters are scarce. The effects of increasing urbanization, economic development, and agricultural activities, along with the erratic and scarce rainfall, contribute to the quantitative and qualitative deterioration of these resources. This paper attempts to produce groundwater vulnerability and risk maps for the Angad transboundary aquifer using DRASTIC model. The data which correspond to the seven parameters of the model were collected and converted to thematic maps in Geographic Information System environment. The modified DRASTIC map, which is the summation of the DRASTIC index and the network fractures maps, shows two degreed of vulnerability: medium and high. This map is then integrated with a land use map to assess the potential risk of groundwater to pollution in the Angad transboundary aquifer. There are three risk zones that are identified: moderate, high, and very high.  相似文献