Air pollution is one of the most important problems in the new era. Detecting the level of air pollution from an image taken by a camera can be informative for the people who are not aware of exact air pollution level be declared daily by some organizations like municipalities. In this paper, we propose a method to predict the level of the air pollution of a location by taking an image by a camera of a smart phone then processing it. We collected an image dataset from city of Tehran. Afterward, we proposed two methods for estimation of level of air pollution. In the first method, the images are preprocessed and then Gabor transform is used to extract features from the images. At the end, two shallow classification methods are employed to model and predict the level of air pollution. In the second proposed method, a Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) is designed to receive a sky image as an input and result a level of air pollution. Some experiments have been done to evaluate the proposed method. The results show that the proposed 9 method has an acceptable accuracy in detection of the air pollution level. Our deep classifier achieved accuracy about 59.38% which is 10 about 6% higher than traditional combination of feature extraction and classification methods. 相似文献
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - Soil nailing is an in-situ soil reinforcement technique that is used to enhance the stability of land slopes, retaining walls and excavations. This... 相似文献
Occurrence of drought, as an inevitable natural climate feature, cannot be ceased while happening. However, costs of the consequences could be alleviated using mature scientific integrated approaches. To reduce the amount of damage, it is required to provide “Contingency” and “Mitigation” action plans. For this reason, development of efficient operating instructions for various regions based on weather conditions and field studies is needed as well as having a sophisticated understanding of socioeconomic situations. This paper describes an approach to provide the first national agricultural drought risk management plan for a river basin in Iran country as a pilot. The study lasted for 3 years as a national technical research project for the “soil conservation and watershed management research institute.” To reach the objectives, besides holding workshops and specialized think-tank meetings, field researches were done. Based on the socioeconomic data sources in the basin and the results of meetings by participation of local managers and residents, the final plan was developed. Moreover, in order to carry out this research, different climatic, agricultural and local information were collected in the watershed. In the next steps, potential risks and vulnerabilities of various agricultural sectors due to the hazard were evaluated. In this study, a nine-step approach to develop an agricultural drought risk management plan proposing different scientific–managerial phases based on the latest experts’ opinions, released international scientific best practices, and existing conditions governing the region was followed. With respect to the average income of US$ one million from agriculture and animal husbandry in the river basin, total drought loss varies from US$ 86,000 to US$ 258,000 for a range of light to very intense drought conditions, respectively. The setup of these nine executive phases defined monitoring, forecasting, and warning steps in working teams and managed the subprograms in partnership with stakeholders and decision-makers to mitigate the rate of drought damage from 30 to 47% (depending on the severity of the drought condition).
Theoretical and Applied Climatology - Snow is a key element for many socioeconomic activities in mountainous regions. Due to the sensitivity of the snow cover to variations of temperature and... 相似文献
Several methods are used to improve mechanical properties of loose soils including rewetting, soil replacement, compaction control, chemical additives, moisture control, thermal methods, and more recently, discrete fibers. All the methods are applied to soft soil to increase load bearing capacity and to improve other properties such as prevention of erosion and dust generation. In the present study, a new method of soil improvement using both discrete polypropylene (PP) fibers and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) is introduced. The method is applied to improve load bearing capacity of a problematic sandy soil in both dry and saturated states. Based on the results from CBR tests on various specimens, it has been revealed that the combination of PP fiber and PVAc resin with weight percentages of 0.1 and 0.6 %, respectively, had the optimum effect in increasing the CBR value in both saturated and dry soil specimens. It should be mentioned that this method has caused a great increase in the CBR value in the saturated soil. 相似文献
This paper is an introduction to the Arctic Observatory CD-ROM that accompanies this special issue. The data and information upon which this CD-ROM is based was derived from a prototype geographical information system (GIS). A simple graphical user interface (GUI) was developed specifically for the presentation of the GIS data and information in an educational environment. However, the utility of efficient access to a large volume of browse data of multiple parameters extends beyond the educational context. This effort is an example of how researchers can place their data and information in a format that is available for examination by others in the field, non-experts, and students interested in the field of study. To demonstrate the utility of the Arctic Observatory CD-ROM for research purposes, we analyzed a specific anomaly in ice concentration values which came to our attention during our tests of the GUI. 相似文献
After-ripening of Cenchrus ciliaris L. spikelets was modelled during storage at various temperatures and equilibrium relative humidities (e.r.h.). At 40 and 50% e.r.h., the rate of after-ripening increased linearly with increase of storage temperature. The highest after-ripening rate was achieved by storing the seeds in 40°C and 50% e.r.h. At 70% e.r.h., however, seeds remained viable at 20 and 30°C but largely failed to after-ripen. Use of the model to predict the storage period required for decreasing dormancy to any desired level is described. The application to re-seeding degraded rangelands in arid areas is discussed. 相似文献
Previous studies about optimizing earthquake structural energy dissipation systems indicated that most existing techniques employ merely one or a few parameters... 相似文献
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