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A set of mapping functions in the form of convergent series for an infinite element, which is capable to include the infinitely distanced constant head boundary condition from the area of disturbance (e.g. pumping), is proposed based on the asymptotic far-field behaviour of typical seepage flow problems. The derived mapping functions have been successfully used in three-dimensional point symmetric, two-dimensional axi-symmetric and one-dimensional unidirectional flow for the fixed head boundary at infinite distance. The result shows excellent agreement with analytical solution. For the first time, the mapping function of an infinite element is presented in the form of a convergent series. The infinite elements are really capable of reducing the cost and efficiency of conventional finite element analysis. Finally, a figure is also proposed to indicate the required size of the near field to obtain accurate drawdown at specified locations based on some calculations for two-dimensional radial flow case. 相似文献
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Spatial databases are used in many natural resources management applications. These databases help decision-makers to design location specfic plans for resource management. In this paper, a geographical information system is used to develop a spatial energy information system model. The model has been used to examine the energy situation in a rural area of a developing country. It can help energy planners to assess the need for energy interventions specfic to certain regions in the planning area. 相似文献
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